3. Which of the following was a sharp contrast between millenarian revolts such as the Taiping Rebellion and orthodox institutions? Millenarian movements were inspired by Confucian, not Daoist, ideals.Millenarian revolts often had women in leadership roles.Millenarian movements were supported by militias raised by the gentry.Millenarian revolts were often led by scholars.4. From which groups did European nationalist movements draw their greatest number of supporters? The liberal aristocracy and the commercial middle classThe landed aristocracy and financiersThe clergy and rural workersThe middle class and the landless peasants5. How did the status of Islam in West Africa change after the establishment of the Sokoto caliphate? It changed from a minority religion to the majority religion in the region.It changed from an urban religion to the religion of rural pastoralists.It changed from a polytheistic religion to a monotheistic religion.It changed from a warlike religion to a peaceful religion.6. Which of the following characterized the British counterinsurgency effort in India? As a gesture of goodwill, the British returned the land that they had previously annexed.The British bribed rebel leaders to stop the uprising.The British responded brutally; villages were destroyed and leaders were tied to cannons and executed.The British expended a great deal of effort to preserve Indian lives and property to avoid alienating the population.7. Which of the following groups was most attracted to Wahhabi Islam? People who supported the power of the Ottoman Empire in the Arabian PeninsulaPeople who believed their current version of Islam was too restrictive and needed to compromise with local cultural traditionsPeople who belonged to Sufi sects and devoted themselves to Muslim saintsPeople who felt threatened by new commercial activities and the increasing pace of intellectual change8. Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa? Pressure from a growing populationIncreased standards of living among the peasantryDecreasing opium consumptionDeclining involvement in foreign trade9. Hong Xiuquan believed that he was: the heir to the tradition of Muhammad.Jesus’s younger brother sent to rid the world of evil.a representative leader of the Chinese peasantry.an administrative prodigy who could reform Qing governance.10. Which of the following was the most important device used by Mexicans to lure Mayans into plantation labor? The imposition of the new caste of “Indians” meant Mayans had few political rights and could be forced into plantation servitude.Mayans were forced to work on plantations to free their wives and children who had been taken hostage by the plantation owners.Mexicans lured Mayans with promises of teaching them new agricultural techniques that would enrich Mayan villages.Debt peonage forced fathers and sons to work for low wages on sugar plantations.11. What was one of the reasons for the collapse of the Taiping Rebellion? It received from Western powers, which alienated the majority of the Chinese people.Its followers were mainly Manchus, alienating the Han Chinese majority.It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups.It failed to attract strong support from the peasants.12. Why did small-scale settlements in southern Africa give way to larger states during the early nineteenth century? Larger states were better at utilizing agricultural land, allowing them to relieve population pressure more effectively than smaller settlements.Larger states were more efficient at gathering goods for trade with Europeans, and benefited from European technologies.Larger states were able to experiment with new leadership styles, ending their dependence on traditional forms of political order.Larger states were better equipped to compete for limited land and resources.13. What did the groups that led the 1848 revolutions in Europe have in common? The groups were all working class, such as artisans, printers, and peasants.The groups were all middle class, such as doctors, university professors and students, and lawyers.They shared a desire for independent nations and to overthrow the existing elites.They shared a belief in the triumph of the proletariat.14. In what way did the peasants show their divergence from the Indian elite in the Great Rebellion of 1857? Peasants attempted to overthrow the Mughal dynasty because it had betrayed the Islamic faith.Peasants attacked Hindu princes who were seen as capitulating to Mughal rulers.Peasants attacked both Indian and British people and places that represented their oppression.Peasants followed traditional leaders only, not those who had training under the British.15. In which of the following ways did the Zuku leader, Shaka, resemble Mongol leaders? Both were known for their ability to tolerate challenges from within their state.Both used cavalry and archers as the core of their military forces.Both came from peasant roots, rising to positions of authority based on their prowess as warriors.Both had the ability to incorporate defeated communities into the state.16. Why did Charles Fourier consign nasty jobs such as cleaning latrines to adolescents? He believed that adolescents liked to muck about in filth.He believed that all work was ennobling, and the young should be taught this at an early age.He believed that adolescents would move on to better jobs after they had proved themselves.He believed that in the interest of harmony, everyone had to work.17. Which of the following nineteenth-century principles derived from the revolutions of the late eighteenth century? Government by and for property holding citizensMonarchical absolutismThe emergence of international lawMercantilism18. The impetus of Mohammad Ibn al-Wahhab’s Islamic reform movement was a reaction to which of the following? Debates among representatives of different religions at the Mughal courtPolytheistic beliefs that had taken root among some MuslimsThe presence of multiple Islamic empires such as the Mughals and the OttomansThe tendency of some Muslims to experiment with European ideas and technologies19. Which of the following groups supported Usman dan Fodio’s revolt against the Hausa city-states? Hausa womenRuling elitesFulani tribes peopleIgbo merchants20. The Taiping Rebellion was a nineteenth-century example of what Chinese tradition? Confucian codes of administrationViolent uprisings by members of ethnic minority groupsRejection of outside influences as inferior to Chinese ideasMillenarian peasant revolts