Week 3 Simple movement of materialsThe preweek quiz involves watching a “General Biology video” and completing the quiz. After completing the pre-week quiz and before starting your study of this chapter, make sure to review enzymes (page 99) and the properties of the cell membrane (page 63). We will be studying both passive and active processes by which materials can move across the cell membrane. Part I: 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3. Read Section 5.1 Keep the following figures handy as you work your way through the following questions: Define OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM. CHEMICAL DISEQUILIBRIUM. ELECTRICAL DISEQUILIBRIUM How can the cell be in osmotic equilibrium at the same time as it is in electrical and chemical disequilibrium?Compare the terms molarity, osmolarity, osmolality, osmotic pressure and tonicity. List the rules for determining osmolarity and tonicity of a solution.Review Figure 5.1 Compare the volume and ion components of the ECF and ICF. How do materials move between the ICF and ECF?What is an aquaporin (AQP)?Review Figure 5.2. What does osmolarity describe? How do you calculate osmolarity?Compare the terms hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic.What does tonicity describe? What happens to cells placed in hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic solutions.How does tonicity differ from osmolarity? Figure 5.3How do penetrating and nonpenetrating solutes affect tonicity? How do penetrating and nonpenetrating solutes affect osmolarity?Watch the following video. Revisit your answers to the questions from 5.1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhtiXdGae3M&list=PL5GRRRmaGVqUASeRrzWFlmqoj2xPcWoXI&index=7 (Links to an external site.)5.2 Define SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE. PERMEABLE IMPERMEABLECreate a table showing your super understanding of the similarities and differences of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. (Making a table shows you know how several things are similar and how they are different. It makes it easy to answer “compare’ questions.)Why does bulk flow occur in fluids?Compare the terms passive transport and active transport.Watch the following video and review your responses for section 5.2.5.3 Define DIFFUSION. CONCENTRATION GRADIENT. ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT. FLUXWhat is the source of energy for diffusion? List the seven properties of diffusion. How do the properties of diffusion relate to the rules for diffusion of uncharged molecules (Table 5.6)? Which two rules are unique to diffusion across a membrane? How does the property of the cell membrane influence the rate of diffusion?How do ions move?Explain Fick’s law of diffusion. (Figure 5.7)