6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper HSE-325 Ethics & Laws in Child Welfare Nicole Obeni 12/9/2018 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper The state plays a significant role in facilitating the enjoyment of children rights in the country. Indeed, the government and all its agencies must do everything in their power to ensure that child rights are fully realized and that children are protected from abuse and neglect. In this paper, I will look at the duty of the state concerning children rights. The missions of the state and departments relate to this issue since they are tasked with ensuring a society where children are free from abuse and neglect. (Dubowitz & Bennett, 2007). The impact of the missions on the manner in which the departments serve the public are varied. The missions guide the departments in fulfilling their mandate and provide a reference point from which their performance is judged. The missions of the state and federal departments provide many services. The first service they offer is to ensure that the children develop. In discharging their mandates, the missions must ensure that they give the interests of the child premium importance. The departments protect children from abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Those agencies lookout for cases of child trafficking and abduction and bring offenders to book. They also give treatment and rehabilitation to children that fall victim to child abuse. The department also acts as a complainant in issues of child neglect where parents and guardians neglect and refuse to provide basic needs for the children. The departments support children who are victims of child neglect and looks into issues of abuse such as assault and failure to protect children from harm(Svevo-Cianci, Hart, & Rubinson, 2010). State departments also organize themselves administratively to protect children from abuse and neglect and to provide support services to children who fall victim to such practices. Such social programs and investigative forums for the identification and reporting and investigating cases of child abuse and neglect. The departments also protect children from drug abuse and provide correctional 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper services that help rehabilitate children who become victims. Such missions also protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation. Out of the three services delivery models there are two that would really work for my clients. They’re public health model and human service model. The reason for picking the public health model is because it focuses on the persons illness and how it affects everyone around the individual. The other one is human service model this on focuses on the client and environment, their home life, school life and professional life. The model that is not needed in this situation is medical model. This model determines the person diagnoses by their symptoms. In this case study I would chose the public health model because this model serves the community and can also help the children or grandmother with interventions benefits. With the history behind Ethel and her daughter I would recommend this model for her because it will help to adopt her grandchildren even though it’s not what she wants but if she doesn’t the case worker would have to place them with another family. Ethel may need more information about it and that will help her better understand. The human service model would meet the needs of the clients they have all experienced the same thing. This model looks deeper into the living environment. They can also help the grandmother with benefits for her and the children. The family had gone through so much from abuse, drug addiction, death of their mom and daughter. Child abuse and neglect remains a problem and area of concern in United States for the child advocates, service provider, policy makers, and researchers across the globe. A child welfare system service model that engages the family and parent in planning and intervention process, involves parenting programs and trauma-focused therapies is one of the most effective service models that can be used (Herrenkohl, Leeb, & Higgins, 2016). 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper Federal, state, and local level child abuse laws exist, such as the CAPTA (Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act) which was enacted in 1974 by the federal government and was reactivated or reauthorized in 2010. It is considered one of the largest legislation body based on the fair, ethical as well as the legal treatment of children and it is a law that was passed with an intention to keep children in United States from all the forms of abuse either psychological, emotional, physical, and sexual form of abuse (Darkness to Light, n.d.) Although the state laws and regulations govern most of the child abuse and neglect issues, standards and guidelines are provided by federal laws. The enacted state laws for child abuse and neglect protection address several issues such as responding to child neglect and abuse, mandatory reporting, and statutes of limitations for civil prosecution as well as criminal prosecution. These laws facilitate the provision of confidential child neglect and abuse information to any local, state, and a federal entity or any other entity that can require such information to carry its responsibilities in protecting children neglect and abuse under the law. States laws on child abuse and neglect vary where most of the states further define and specify emotional abuse, physical abuse against a child, and neglect laws such as substance abuse is considered an element of child abuse in many states. CAPTA allows states in the United States to have their policies that protect the safety of the families and children involved in hearing related cases to neglect and child abuse, hence giving them a legal right of protection against the abusers or public scrutiny (Petersen, Joseph, & Feit, 2013). Legal consequences are serious in United States on child abuse, where each state has its own procedures for law enforcement and reporting child abuse. Individuals with direct conduct to children such as teachers, law enforcement personnel, and medical professional and even to some 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper states all citizens are required to report any sign of abuse. Breaking a law in child abuse including mandatory reporting is mostly considered as a state matter except in some cases where the case can be fowarded to federal level. Imprisonment, loss of parental rights or custody, fines, injunctions, involuntary commitment to mental institution, and if abuse is sexual -registration as a sex offender is the consequence (HG.org Legal Resources, n.d.). Child abuse is a subject to ethical concerns mainly related to confidentiality as many of the victims may be psychologically or physically unable to report any abuse to authorities. A human service practitioner needs a good understanding of the ethical principles in child abuse which remains a subject to a moral and ethical dilemma. Due to the nature of their service, they are supposed to follow laws in the state they provide services and adhere by their professional code of ethics. Some of the ethical principles surrounding child protection interventions and interacting with the family are based on a set of core values such as integrity, social justice, dignity and person worth, and competence. Integrity, putting service above self-interest, following all laws, adhering to the service policies and procedures, and proper communication, as well as maintenance of client record, are some of the human services practitioner’s ethical principles in engaging families in child protection. Good ethic promotes, confidentiality, negotiation, respect, recognition of the victims or client rights to informed consent and self-determination. Sound understanding of the ethical principles help the human service practitioner in balancing the various competing interest that may arise in protecting children from harm as well as promoting the family capacity and that of a community too (Lonne et al., 2015). 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper Child care is among the top priorities when working as a social worker. Child welfare practice guides the social workers and any other stakeholder to provide care and attention for a needy child. Sometimes, Child welfare can be challenging due to the diversity and specialty in different child cases (Hughes et al 2016). In that light, each child should receive different practices from other children aiming to solve the problems faced. Human service best practices relating to child welfare issue include not limited to, adoption, prevention, family preservation services, and foster care services. Adoption and foster care services are best practices since they focus on preventing a particular child from suffering. As a result absence of the birth parent or a guardian. On the other hand, Prevention and family preservation services are best services on child welfare since they purpose to strengthen the bonds among family members through the guidance of a counselor. However, these best practices may not be applicable in all situations. For instance, family preservation services may fail to function in cases where main players for example parents are not in good terms or one has a restraining order from the court. Adoption, foster care services, prevention, and family preservation services play a significant role in adhering and following the legal guidelines provided on the issue of child welfare. Social workers can use the best practices to compare a present case with a past case to determine how to solve the current case about a solution of the previous case. Besides, there are legal provisions that address best practices, and for instance, foster care services follow specific procedures as provided by the law. By emphasizing on the best practices related to child welfare, the stakeholders will interact with several legal professionals who will not only approve the practice but will also give advice 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper regarding the particular case. In that light, it is essential to apply the best practices since they end up providing a permanent solution to a suffering child. In any community, ethical aspects dictate how the community solves its challenges. In issues concerning child welfare, it is unethical to watch a child suffer and take no action. Practices such as adoption, family preservation services, prevention, and foster care services are among the ethical practices in a community. The practices are ethical since they give a suffering child the opportunity to live a happy life despite the presence of a problem causing suffering to the child. It will be unethical to fail to practice the best practices since it will be a form of discrimination and an extension of child suffering. 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper Reference Hughes, J., Chau, S., & Rocke, C. (2016). “ACT LIKE MY FRIEND” MOTHERS’ RECOMMENDATIONS TO: Improve Relationships with Their Canadian Child Welfare Workers. Canadian Social Work Review / Revue Canadienne De Service Social, 33(2), 161-178. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/90001605 Darkness to Light. Child Abuse Protection Laws. Retrieved from https://www.d2l.org/gethelp/reporting/protection-laws/ Herrenkohl, T. I., Leeb, R. T., & Higgins, D. (2016). The Public Health Model of Child Maltreatment Prevention. Trauma, violence & abuse, 17(4), 363-5. HG.org Legal Resources. Legal Consequences of Child Abuse. Retrieved from https://www.hg.org/legal-articles/legal-consequences-of-child-abuse-31009 Lonne, B., Featherstone, B., Gray, M., & Harries, M. (2015). Working ethically in child protection. Routledge. Petersen, A., Joseph, J., & Feit, M. (2013). New directions in child abuse and neglect research. Report of the Committee on Child Maltreatment Research, Policy, and Practice for the Next Decade: Phase II. Dubowitz, H., & Bennett, S. (2007). Physical abuse and neglect of children. Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60856-3 Svevo-Cianci, K. A., Hart, S. N., & Rubinson, C. (2010). Protecting children from violence and 6-2 Final Paper Submission: Child Welfare Issue Paper maltreatment: A qualitative comparative analysis assessing the implementation of U.N. CRC Article 19. Child Abuse and Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.010 
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