RSCH 665 Module 9 ERAU Selecting Statistical Test

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Qnar145

Mathematics

RSCH 665

ERAU

Description

In Module 9 of this course, you will produce a brief research document about the subject of your data collection and analysis.

The resources that you will use include the Hunt Library and/or the following databases in order to gather data that you can analyze for your own hypothesis test. Review these websites and their respective databases at this time for familiarity.

Research document (3-4 pages)

Using the decision tree provided in this activity, create a document that presents a synopsis of your problem statement, hypothesis, and statistical test that you will use. (APA format and include references.)

The RED portion are the calculations that need to be implemented into StatCrunch

For this report.

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INSTRUCTIONS: In Module 9 of this course, you will produce a brief research document about the subject of your data collection and analysis. The resources that you will use include the Hunt Library and/or the following databases in order to gather data that you can analyze for your own hypothesis test. Review these websites and their respective databases at this time for familiarity. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DATABASES: Hunts Library https://huntlibrary.erau.edu/ FAA Runway Safety Data https://www.faa.gov/airports/runway_safety/statistics/ NTSB Accident Database https://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/index.aspx FAA ASIAS: Aviation Safety Information Analysis and Sharing https://www.asias.faa.gov/apex/f?p=100:1:::::: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assumption Guides: Be sure to explain how your data meets these assumptions and perform the applicable tests in StatCrunch. • • • • • • • • T-tests Chi-Square Correlation Regression ANOVA Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon Signed Rank Kruskal-Wallis Research document (3-4 pages) Using the decision tree provided in this activity, create a document that presents a synopsis of your problem statement, hypothesis, and statistical test that you will use. (APA format and include references.) The RED portion are the calculations that need to be implemented into StatCrunch For this report. Videos Steps to Complete the Assignment: Choosing which statistical test to use - statistics help https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rulIUAN0U3w&feature=youtu.be Using Stat Crunch to assess normality https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZk-qZZ7NLY&feature=youtu.be Assessing Normality https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzacsY5RaN4&feature=youtu.be Working with StatCrunch: One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rao8TTcviS0&feature=youtu.be • 8.4 Discussion: Selecting a Statistical Test/Analyzing the Results • INSTRUCTIONS: • • For this discussion, present your hypothesis test and your conclusion based on the results. Start by presenting your research and null hypotheses. Discuss the data and statistical test type, and then you can copy/paste your results from StatCrunch. Finally, state if you reject/fail to reject the null hypothesis and what this means Has the accident rate increased since the introduction of Glass Cockpit Avionics into Cirrus and Cessna aircraft? Technological advancements have affected almost every industry and aviation is no exception. Traditionally aircraft have been designed with analog systems which consist of numerous dials that control one function or another. The introduction of the Garmin glass cockpit necessitated more advanced training. The introduction of the glass cockpit was expected to increase safety but a two year study by the National Transportation Board (NTSB) revealed that “glass cockpits had twice the fatal accident rate compared with aircraft with traditional cockpits using "steam gauge" analog instrument.” (NTSB). The research hypothesis is that there is a statistical difference in the accident rate between the two types of aircraft, while the null hypothesis will show that there is no statistical difference. Information is collected from the NTSB which is the governmental agency responsible for investigation of all accidents and for making recommendations for future avoidance of same. The Cessna and Cirrus aircraft which were manufactured between 2002 and 2008 were involved in a total of 266 accidents. A total of 125 were in glass cockpit aircraft with 39 fatalities. The nonglass aircraft had 141 accident and 23 fatalities. The NTSB consulted with the manufacturers and learned that the average number of hours flown per year by model were 100,000.This data was used to calculate a glass cockpit total accident rate of 3.77 per 100,000 as compared to 3.71 for non-glass aircraft. However, the picture for fatal accidents was a little different. The study showed that the glass cockpit fatal accident rate was 1.03 accidents per 100,000 hours versus 0.43 for non-glass aircraft. The Nall Report which is presented by the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Air Safety Foundation is based on the findings of the NTSB and calculates a fatal accident rate of 1.18 per 100,000. To determine statistical difference, if any exists, the chi-square will be used to analyze data. Calculations required for StatCrunch: Study Background The goals of the study were simple. The NTSB wanted to identify any difference in operational characteristics of glass and non-glass aircraft and determine how glass has affected safety. To do this, they decided to compare accident information and activity between matched groups of aircraft, specifically glass and non-glass aircraft manufactured between 2002 and 2006. The groups were selected to minimize any differences in which the two groups of airplanes used. In the end however, the study found that there are very large differences in the way glass and nonglass aircraft are used. The study group included the Cessna 172, 182, 206, 350 and 400, the Cirrus SR20 and SR22, the Diamond DA40, Mooney, Beechcraft A36 and G36 and numerous Piper models. In the five-year period, a total of 5516 glass and 2848 non-glass aircraft of these models were manufactured. The NTSB looked at the accidents these aircraft had between 2002 and 2008. Study Results The study aircraft had a total of 266 accidents. In glass aircraft, there were a total of 125 accidents of which 39 were fatal. In non-glass aircraft, there were a total of 141 accidents of which 23 were fatal. Simply counting the number of accidents that occur is misleading, since it doesn’t account for variations in the number of hours that different types of aircraft fly. To compute accident rates, the NTSB worked with manufacturers to determine the average number of hours flown per year by model. Using this data, they calculated a glass cockpit total accident rate of 3.77 accidents per 100,000 hours versus 3.71 for non-glass aircraft. Surprisingly the NTSB didn’t compare these accident rates with those computed for the entire fixed wing general aviation fleet. AOPA’s Air Safety Foundation supplies those figures in their annual Nall Report, an authoritative source of general aviation accident data (commercial operations conducted under FAR Part 135 are not included in the Nall Report). Nall Report data for 2007 computes a total accident rate of 6.47 per 100,000 hours, nearly twice the rate in the NTSB study. The simple conclusion is that new aircraft manufactured between 2002 and 2006 are twice as safe as the entire GA fleet, which includes some aircraft that are more than 80 years old. For fatal accidents, the story was quite different. The study found the glass cockpit fatal accident rate was 1.03 accidents per 100,000 hours versus 0.43 for non-glass aircraft). Nall Report data for 2007 computes a fatal accident rate of 1.18 per 100,000 hours. Must say if hypothesis is rejected and what this means. RSCH 665 – Statistical Analysis
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Running Head: Selecting Statistical Test

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Selecting Statistical Test
Institutional Affiliation
Date

Selecting Statistical Test

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Introduction
Technology has affected every industry across the globe and the aviation industry has not
been left out of the bracket. The introduction of the glass cockpits has facilitated more
advancements of the aircrafts across the globe. The introduction of the glass cockpits has increased
the expectations of many people on the safety concerns. A research done by National
Transportation Board has given different results than the expectations of many people. The
research done developed results which will be subjected to statistical test and make conclusions
using the statistical results (Lin, et al, 2015). Before carrying out the research, this reports will
satisfy how the data collected from the study meet different statistical assumptions such as T-test,
chi-square, correlation, regression, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test,
and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Assumptions
Using the decision tree provided, the report was certain that the study results met a number of
assumptions based on the statistical theories developed.
i.

T-test - T-test would be appropriate to use in the research data because it an inferential
statistics and hypothesis tool which tries to determine if there exist a significant difference
between two sets of data or groups. The T-test would be approp...


Anonymous
Really great stuff, couldn't ask for more.

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