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EXAM 1
GEOG 1060
CLIMATE AND WATERS
COVER SHEET FOR STUDENT PICK UP
( PLEASE PRINT YOUR NAME IN THE AREA PROVIDED )
NAME:________________________________________
DATE __________________________
1
1
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EXAM 1
GEOG 1060
CLIMATE AND WATERS
THIS EXAM COVERS
(CHAPTERS 1,2,3,4,5)
(PLEASE PRINT YOUR NAME BELOW)
NAME:________________________________________
DATE __________________________
INSTRUCTIONS: CIRCLE YOUR ANSWER OR FILL IN THE BLANK. You can use a calculator.
40 QUESTIONS 20 POINTS, 1/2 POINT EACH, DRAWING PROBLEMS 20 POINTS, 60 POINTS
ESSAY, TOTAL 100 POINTS
1. What process takes place in the core of the Sun
A. Fission
B. Fusion
C. Internal Combustion
D. Oh help me I don’t know ( Electro Arc ? )
2. Earth to Sun average about 93,000,000 mi.
TRUE or FALSE
3. The sun is a main sequence star and has been around for _______ billion years. Current calculations
figure that the sun has another 6 billion years to go before it burns out.
A.
B.
C.
D.
10 – 15
6 – 10
4.5 – 5
billions and billions of
4. The Sun is inclined 7 degree’s from the orbital plane of the Earth.
TRUE or FALSE
5. The Sun rotates on its axis every 55 days at the equator, the period of the sunspot cycle is 22 years.
TRUE or FALSE
6. The Suns core is 15,000,000 K
TRUE or FALSE
7. It Takes 170,000 years for radiative energy from the Suns core to pass through the convective zone
to eventually emit sunlight and be transported to Earth in about 8 ½ minutes.
TRUE or FALSE
8. _____________________: Surface to 10 miles or 16 km. ( top of Trop -45 to – 50 C or –50 to –60 F)
(Troposphere, Ozone, Stratosphere, Mesosphere)
2
2
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9. Stratosphere: This region is from 16 to 50 km ( 10 to 30 mi) temp at top –60 to -20C
TRUE or FALSE
10. The Earth reflects 33% or 1/3 of the incident sunlight. After reflection, scattering, and direct
absorption about 50 % of the total incoming solar radiation reaches the Earth’s surface.
Which of the following is true?
A. Absorption of terrestrial radiation; Earth, like any warm body, radiates energy that may be
subsequently absorbed by the atmosphere.
B. Latent heat of condensation; Approximately 70 % of Earth’s surface is covered by water.
Consequently a great deal of evaporation occurs because of the insolation reaching the surface.
C. Conduction from Earth’s surface; A comparatively smaller, but significant, amount of heat energy is
transferred to the atmosphere by conduction from the earth’s surface.
D. All of the Above
11. Draw the following Weather symbols ( 1/ 2 POINT EACH )
High __________________________
Low __________________________
Cold Front ______________________
Warm Front _____________________
12. Earth’s general circulation: The general circulation pattern has six cells ( from the N pole H, L, H L
H, L)
TRUE or FALSE
13. Cloud classification: Clouds are buoyant masses of visible water droplets or ice crystals. Clouds vary
with altitude which defines their shape and appearance. There are ________ states of sky. _____ low
cloud type, _______middle and ______ high clouds. ( 1/2 point each )
14. Cloud Formation : To be visible as droplets, the water vapor in the air must condense. Condensation
requires a certain temperature- namely, the dew point temperature. Hence , if moist air is cooled to the
dew point , the water vapor contained within will generally condense into fine droplets and form a cloud.
TRUE or FALSE
15. Lapse rate: The temperature of the air in the troposphere decreases with altitude, and the rate of this
temperature decrease with height is called the lapse rate. Normal lapse rate is
A. 6.5 degrees C / km or 3.5 F/ 1000ft
B. 8.5 degrees C / km or 6.5 F/ 1000ft
C. 10.5 degrees C / km or 9.5 F/ 1000ft
D. 6.5 degrees C / km or 10.5 F/ 1000ft
3
3
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16. MATCHING
A. Isobars
_______ In the northern hemisphere, deflection to the right
produces counterclockwise air motion around a low and
clockwise rotation around a high. In the southern hemisphere
is opposite for highs and lows.
B. Sea Breeze:
_______ At night the land looses it heat quickly and the reverse
happens in the near by water the air rises over the water and
the air from the land flows out over the water.
C. Land Breeze:
______ The general circulation pattern has six cells ( from
the N pole H, L, H L H, L)
D. Coriolis Force:
______are lines of equal pressure.
E. Earth’s general circulation:
_______ Land heats up during the day air and rises. The air from a
near by lake or ocean will then flow towards the shore.
17. Nitrogen
N2
78% ( By Volume )
Oxygen
O2 21%
Argon
Ar 0.9%
Carbon dioxide CO2 0.03%
Other traces Neon Ne, Helium He, Methane CH4, Hydrogen H2, water vapor (H2O) 0-4%, Carbon
Monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), Solid particles – dust , pollen
TRUE or FALSE
18. MATCHING
(A. Water Vapor, B. Condensation, C. Evaporation, D. Latent, E. Aerosols, F. Lapse rate,
G. Radiosonde )
______: A concentration of invisible gas made from water. They become visible only when they transform
into larger liquid or solid particles, such as cloud droplets and ice crystals.
______: The changing of water vapor into liquid water.
_______: An instrument that measures the vertical profile of air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind
speed and direction up to an elevation sometimes exceeding 30 km ( 100,000 ft ).
______: The process of liquid water becoming water vapor.
______: The rate at which an atmosphere variable (usually temperature) decreases with height.
______: means hidden
______: Tiny suspended solid particles (dust, smoke, etc.) or liquid droplets that enter the atmosphere from
either natural or human sources, such as the burning of fossil fuels.
4
4
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19. Ionosphere: Electrically charged ions and electrons are trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field and form
ionic layers in the upper region of the atmosphere. Variations in the ion density with altitude give rise to
the labeling of three regions or layers H, I and J. The H layer strongly absorbs radio waves below a
certain frequency. Radio waves with frequencies above this value pass through the H layer but are
reflected by the I and J layers.
TRUE or FALSE
20. Convergence: An atmospheric condition that exists when the winds cause a horizontal net outflow of
air from a specific region.
TRUE or FALSE
21. Divergence: An Atmospheric condition that exists when the winds cause a horizontal net inflow of air
into a specified region.
TRUE or FALSE
22. Wind Chill Index: The heating effect of any combination of temperature and wind, expressed as the
loss of body vapor pressure. Also called wind-chill factor.
TRUE or FALSE
23.
Anemometer: An instrument designed to measure water amounts.
TRUE or FALSE
24. Aneroid barometer: An instrument designed to measure atmospheric pressure. Pressure can be
measured in millibars 1013.25 mb Standard sea level, 1013.25 hPa Hectopascals 100 Newtons/m 2 , or 1
millibar, 29.95 Inches of mercury
TRUE or FALSE
25. Psychrometer: An instrument used to measure the wind speed of the air. It consists of two
thermometers ( dry bulb and wet bulb ). After whirling the instrument, the dew point and relative humidity
can be obtained with the aid of tables
TRUE or FALSE
26. Orographic uplift: The lifting of air over a topographic barrier ( like a mountain ). Clouds that form
in this lifting process are called orographic clouds.
TRUE or FALSE
27. Friction layer: The atmosphere layer near the surface usually extending up to about 1 km (
3300 ft ) where the wind is influenced by friction of the earth’s surface and objects on it. Also
called the atmospheric boundary layer and planetary boundary layer.
TRUE or FALSE
5
5
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PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 1060
EXAM 1
PROBLEM TYPES AND ESSAY QUESTIONS
TOTAL POINTS 80
PROBLEM SECTION 20 PTS
Reference p 155 – 163 ( Show all work and provide diagrams 4 points each )
29. Label and diagram a cold front with all the related clouds and air masses PAGE 160 fig 5.27 a
30. Label and diagram a warm front with all the related clouds and air masses PAGE 161 fig 5.28
Reference p 117 Fig 4.11 a and b ( Show all work and provide diagrams 6 points each )
31. Label and diagram the two views of the General atmospheric circulation model
ESSAY / DIAGRAM SECTION TOTAL 60 POINTS
Your responses to the three essay questions will be greater then, 1 page per question. Single space
font size 10 or 11 and give proper credit for any pictures or diagrams used from any sources found.
32. Discuss the interactions of the Sun and Earth relationship. Include how this affects climate
and day to day weather. Also include orbital considerations, solar wind, magnetosphere, tilt,
precession and what if any the constancy of the Sun’s output
33. Discuss the nature of pressure and how it applies to the earth’s weather. In your response you
should include facts such as, highs, lows, winds, pressure gradient and the coriolis force.
Reference Chapter 4 and 5
34. Discuss the nature of fronts and how it relates to the earth’s weather. Provide a summary of a
cold front, warm front, stationary front and occluded front. Reference Chapter 4 and 5
6
6
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EXAM 1
GEOG 1060
CLIMATE AND WATERS
COVER SHEET FOR STUDENT PICK UP
( PLEASE PRINT YOUR NAME IN THE AREA PROVIDED )
NAME:________________________________________
DATE __________________________
1
1
Need 2 copies high light the choices - the essay should be different No copy from google
EXAM 1
GEOG 1060
CLIMATE AND WATERS
THIS EXAM COVERS
(CHAPTERS 1,2,3,4,5)
(PLEASE PRINT YOUR NAME BELOW)
NAME:________________________________________
DATE __________________________
INSTRUCTIONS: CIRCLE YOUR ANSWER OR FILL IN THE BLANK. You can use a calculator.
40 QUESTIONS 20 POINTS, 1/2 POINT EACH, DRAWING PROBLEMS 20 POINTS, 60 POINTS
ESSAY, TOTAL 100 POINTS
1. What process takes place in the core of the Sun
A. Fission
B. Fusion
C. Internal Combustion
D. Oh help me I don’t know ( Electro Arc ? )
2. Earth to Sun average about 93,000,000 mi.
TRUE or FALSE
3. The sun is a main sequence star and has been around for _______ billion years. Current calculations
figure that the sun has another 6 billion years to go before it burns out.
A.
B.
C.
D.
10 – 15
6 – 10
4.5 – 5
billions and billions of
4. The Sun is inclined 7 degree’s from the orbital plane of the Earth.
TRUE or FALSE
5. The Sun rotates on its axis every 55 days at the equator, the period of the sunspot cycle is 22 years.
TRUE or FALSE
6. The Suns core is 15,000,000 K
TRUE or FALSE
7. It Takes 170,000 years for radiative energy from the Suns core to pass through the convective zone
to eventually emit sunlight and be transported to Earth in about 8 ½ minutes.
TRUE or FALSE
8. _____________________: Surface to 10 miles or 16 km. ( top of Trop -45 to – 50 C or –50 to –60 F)
(Troposphere, Ozone, Stratosphere, Mesosphere)
2
2
Need 2 copies high light the choices - the essay should be different No copy from google
9. Stratosphere: This region is from 16 to 50 km ( 10 to 30 mi) temp at top –60 to -20C
TRUE or FALSE
10. The Earth reflects 33% or 1/3 of the incident sunlight. After reflection, scattering, and direct
absorption about 50 % of the total incoming solar radiation reaches the Earth’s surface.
Which of the following is true?
A. Absorption of terrestrial radiation; Earth, like any warm body, radiates energy that may be
subsequently absorbed by the atmosphere.
B. Latent heat of condensation; Approximately 70 % of Earth’s surface is covered by water.
Consequently a great deal of evaporation occurs because of the insolation reaching the surface.
C. Conduction from Earth’s surface; A comparatively smaller, but significant, amount of heat energy is
transferred to the atmosphere by conduction from the earth’s surface.
D. All of the Above
11. Draw the following Weather symbols ( 1/ 2 POINT EACH )
High __________________________
Low __________________________
Cold Front ______________________
Warm Front _____________________
12. Earth’s general circulation: The general circulation pattern has six cells ( from the N pole H, L, H L
H, L)
TRUE or FALSE
13. Cloud classification: Clouds are buoyant masses of visible water droplets or ice crystals. Clouds vary
with altitude which defines their shape and appearance. There are ________ states of sky. _____ low
cloud type, _______middle and ______ high clouds. ( 1/2 point each )
14. Cloud Formation : To be visible as droplets, the water vapor in the air must condense. Condensation
requires a certain temperature- namely, the dew point temperature. Hence , if moist air is cooled to the
dew point , the water vapor contained within will generally condense into fine droplets and form a cloud.
TRUE or FALSE
15. Lapse rate: The temperature of the air in the troposphere decreases with altitude, and the rate of this
temperature decrease with height is called the lapse rate. Normal lapse rate is
A. 6.5 degrees C / km or 3.5 F/ 1000ft
B. 8.5 degrees C / km or 6.5 F/ 1000ft
C. 10.5 degrees C / km or 9.5 F/ 1000ft
D. 6.5 degrees C / km or 10.5 F/ 1000ft
3
3
Need 2 copies high light the choices - the essay should be different No copy from google
16. MATCHING
A. Isobars
_______ In the northern hemisphere, deflection to the right
produces counterclockwise air motion around a low and
clockwise rotation around a high. In the southern hemisphere
is opposite for highs and lows.
B. Sea Breeze:
_______ At night the land looses it heat quickly and the reverse
happens in the near by water the air rises over the water and
the air from the land flows out over the water.
C. Land Breeze:
______ The general circulation pattern has six cells ( from
the N pole H, L, H L H, L)
D. Coriolis Force:
______are lines of equal pressure.
E. Earth’s general circulation:
_______ Land heats up during the day air and rises. The air from a
near by lake or ocean will then flow towards the shore.
17. Nitrogen
N2
78% ( By Volume )
Oxygen
O2 21%
Argon
Ar 0.9%
Carbon dioxide CO2 0.03%
Other traces Neon Ne, Helium He, Methane CH4, Hydrogen H2, water vapor (H2O) 0-4%, Carbon
Monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), Solid particles – dust , pollen
TRUE or FALSE
18. MATCHING
(A. Water Vapor, B. Condensation, C. Evaporation, D. Latent, E. Aerosols, F. Lapse rate,
G. Radiosonde )
______: A concentration of invisible gas made from water. They become visible only when they transform
into larger liquid or solid particles, such as cloud droplets and ice crystals.
______: The changing of water vapor into liquid water.
_______: An instrument that measures the vertical profile of air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind
speed and direction up to an elevation sometimes exceeding 30 km ( 100,000 ft ).
______: The process of liquid water becoming water vapor.
______: The rate at which an atmosphere variable (usually temperature) decreases with height.
______: means hidden
______: Tiny suspended solid particles (dust, smoke, etc.) or liquid droplets that enter the atmosphere from
either natural or human sources, such as the burning of fossil fuels.
4
4
Need 2 copies high light the choices - the essay should be different No copy from google
19. Ionosphere: Electrically charged ions and electrons are trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field and form
ionic layers in the upper region of the atmosphere. Variations in the ion density with altitude give rise to
the labeling of three regions or layers H, I and J. The H layer strongly absorbs radio waves below a
certain frequency. Radio waves with frequencies above this value pass through the H layer but are
reflected by the I and J layers.
TRUE or FALSE
20. Convergence: An atmospheric condition that exists when the winds cause a horizontal net outflow of
air from a specific region.
TRUE or FALSE
21. Divergence: An Atmospheric condition that exists when the winds cause a horizontal net inflow of air
into a specified region.
TRUE or FALSE
22. Wind Chill Index: The heating effect of any combination of temperature and wind, expressed as the
loss of body vapor pressure. Also called wind-chill factor.
TRUE or FALSE
23.
Anemometer: An instrument designed to measure water amounts.
TRUE or FALSE
24. Aneroid barometer: An instrument designed to measure atmospheric pressure. Pressure can be
measured in millibars 1013.25 mb Standard sea level, 1013.25 hPa Hectopascals 100 Newtons/m 2 , or 1
millibar, 29.95 Inches of mercury
TRUE or FALSE
25. Psychrometer: An instrument used to measure the wind speed of the air. It consists of two
thermometers ( dry bulb and wet bulb ). After whirling the instrument, the dew point and relative humidity
can be obtained with the aid of tables
TRUE or FALSE
26. Orographic uplift: The lifting of air over a topographic barrier ( like a mountain ). Clouds that form
in this lifting process are called orographic clouds.
TRUE or FALSE
27. Friction layer: The atmosphere layer near the surface usually extending up to about 1 km (
3300 ft ) where the wind is influenced by friction of the earth’s surface and objects on it. Also
called the atmospheric boundary layer and planetary boundary layer.
TRUE or FALSE
5
5
Need 2 copies high light the choices - the essay should be different No copy from google
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 1060
EXAM 1
PROBLEM TYPES AND ESSAY QUESTIONS
TOTAL POINTS 80
PROBLEM SECTION 20 PTS
Reference p 155 – 163 ( Show all work and provide diagrams 4 points each )
29. Label and diagram a cold front with all the related clouds and air masses PAGE 160 fig 5.27 a
30. Label and diagram a warm front with all the related clouds and air masses PAGE 161 fig 5.28
Reference p 117 Fig 4.11 a and b ( Show all work and provide diagrams 6 points each )
31. Label and diagram the two views of the General atmospheric circulation model
ESSAY / DIAGRAM SECTION TOTAL 60 POINTS
Your responses to the three essay questions will be greater then, 1 page per question. Single space
font size 10 or 11 and give proper credit for any pictures or diagrams used from any sources found.
32. Discuss the interactions of the Sun and Earth relationship. Include how this affects climate
and day to day weather. Also include orbital considerations, solar wind, magnetosphere, tilt,
precession and what if any the constancy of the Sun’s output
33. Discuss the nature of pressure and how it applies to the earth’s weather. In your response you
should include facts such as, highs, lows, winds, pressure gradient and the coriolis force.
Reference Chapter 4 and 5
34. Discuss the nature of fronts and how it relates to the earth’s weather. Provide a summary of a
cold front, warm front, stationary front and occluded front. Reference Chapter 4 and 5
6
6
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