Question 1: Students are to observe two or more adults unknown to the observer. The student must not be able to hear the subjects being observed and those being observed must not be wearing a uniform of any kind as this would provide information about their occupation to the observer. Students must describe the environment and the people being observed, i.e., age, gender, dress, etc. Discuss the nonverbal communication, i.e. eye contact, body position and any other nonverbal behavior. Provide your interpretation of the relationship between those being observed. Be very discrete and do not have a conversation with those being observed. Response: Nonverbal communication is nothing but understanding the process of cues shared by people during verbal communication. It could be the number of times they made eye contact, their glances, blinking of eyes, body gestures, postures and most importantly their facial expressions. According to Peter F. Drucker, “The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn’t said.” Yesterday, I experienced the above-mentioned points while attending a presentation in my office. As we all know, presentation is the one mode of communication that has proved relevant through every technological innovation. It gives a wide platform for any person to present oneself by radiating signals while standing in front of audiences. These nonverbal signals is able to increase trust, clarity of the topic, and also adds interest to any presentation when it is yielded properly. I also learned how to become more sensitive to body language and nonverbal cues which made me understand that how I can become the best presenter, if given a chance. According to the Edward G. Wertheim, author of The Importance of Effective Communication, there are five main effects that nonverbal communication can have: 1. Repetition – They can reinforce what is already being said 2. Contradiction – They can contradict the message and make the speaker seem untruthful 3. Substitution – They can take the place of words 4. Complementing – They can complement a verbal message, for instance, a pat on the back 5. Accenting – They can underline a certain point in the message Also, “A recent UK study found that participants found photos of people who are smiling and looking directly at you to be the most attractive, and the very same faces were found to be less attractive when looking away or off to the side.” – Ph.D Carol Kinsey Goman Answer : Please add your comments whether you accepting the response or against the response depending upon the question in more than 250 words Question 2: Chapter 6 discusses four types of perceptual distortions: stereotyping, halo effects, selective perception, and projection. Define each of these and provide an example. Response: Distortion: The word distortion has much meaning depending on the context it is used in. In general, distortion refers to distract from a state of mind or changing the shape of a specific thing or any misleading activity. Perception distortion: Perception is presuming something without any understanding of it. Perception distortion is an incorrect understanding of an imaginary experience. Here all the understandings/opinions are based on arbitrary imaginations; there is no proper reasoning for any of the opinions. Usually, perception depends upon the state of mind, the level of thinking, and understanding about the things. Stereotyping: Generalizing group of people in either a positive or negative standpoint made out of inappropriate assumptions and practices and forcing it on a single individual in a group is termed as stereotyping. Stereotypes are formed based on different groups that are large like social, religious, and racial, and highly resistant to change once formed (Lewicki, Barry, & Saunders, 2017). Example: Racial discrimination is the one I noticed at my previous workplace since the employee was a transgender. As a team tried to backbite him and hence he left the office, although the confrontation was not noticed by an individual but their discrimination. Halo effects: Drawing conclusions of an employee on single responsibility of his and analyzing his/her capabilities based on personality, membership, smiling, and speech and making perception with little experience is called Halo effect (Pam, 2013). A simple example would be judging an individual coming late to office versus he does not work. Selective perception: This type of distortion occurs when one individual is focused due to impressive performances by the team supervisors or other teammates (Runco, M.A., 2003). For example, a better performer in the team is more prioritized among the rest of the team members; this can often be seen in teams. Projection: The projection occurs when an individual project his own feelings to judge other persons to feel good (Spangle M.L., Isenhart M.W., 2003). For example, a supervisor is not active and incapable to perform tasks also sees the team members as lazy and fail to execute tasks from their unwillingness to work. Answer : Please add your comments whether you accepting the response or against the response depending upon the question in more than 250 words