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Studies clearly show that exercise helps the heart, both by improving exercise capacity and reducing the risk of heart disease and premature death. In addition, studies report that even people with heart disease can gain important benefits from exercising, though they need medical clearance and special precautions. The benefits of exercise include:Decreased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and strokeDecreased risk of colon and breast cancersDecreased risk of diabetesDecreased risk of osteoporosis and fracturesDecreased risk of depression and dementia (memory loss)A recent review of available studies has shown that exercise benefits patients at all stages of dementia, improving balance, mobility, and the ability to perform basic activities of daily living. Diabetes:Exercise metabolises glucose and increases tissue sensitivity to insulin. This is important with vigorous exercise in those on insulin.When vigorous exercise is anticipated, the diabetic should reduce insulin and increase carbohydrate 20 minutes before exercise. Control can be complex when training is intensive but, as witnessed by prominent diabetic athletes, success at a high level can still be achieved.'Fast glucose' should be available for symptomatic hypoglycaemia.It is also important to remember that rehydration after sport should not be alcoholic, as alcohol depresses blood glucose.Aerobic exercise and resistance training, alone or in combination, improves blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Others:Asthma may influence the choice of activity. It can be more troublesome in sports which involve running. It is less troublesome in cycling and least troublesome in swimming.As a general rule, arthritis benefits from exercise, although goals should be realistic.The notable exception is an acute inflammatory arthritis that needs rest.Please let me know if you need any clarification. I'm always happy to answer your questions.
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