1) After Macduff’s revelation about his birth, which passage shows Macbeth’s commitment to carrying out the final battle? Ring the alarum-bell! Blow, wind! come, wrack! The mind I sway by and the heart I bear / Shall never sag with doubt nor shake with fear.  Hang those that talk of fear. Give me mine armour. I will not yield / To kiss the ground below young Malcolm’s feet / And to be baited with the rabble’s curse 2) Which passage underscores Macbeth’s belief in his invincibility? Why should I play the Roman fool, and die / On mine own sword? If thou speak’st false / Upon the next tree shalt thou hang alive As easy mayst thou the intrenchant air / With thy keen sword impress as make me bleed Go prick thy face, and over-red thy fear / Thou lily-liver’d boy. 3) Which passage shows Macbeth’s belief in his interpretation of the witches prophecy? Thou wast born of woman / But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn / Brandished by man that’s of woman born. And damn'd be him that first cries, 'Hold, enough!' Such a one / Am I to fear, or none. I will not be afraid of death and bane / Till Birnam forest come to Dunsinane. 4) Make all the trumpets speak; give them all breath Those clamorous harbingers of blood and death.  This is an example of what literary device? Alliteration Assonance Personification Ethos 5) Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage. These two lines have three of the four literary devices within them? Which one does not appear? Assonance Internal Rhyme Metaphor Alliteration

1. Explain how Plato argues that social justice is better than, and more important than, retributive justice. Why can’t retributive justice, by itself, maintain peace and order in a society?2. Describe how Socrates argues that people who want justice to control their lives would not want to live in a democracy. 3. Explain why, according to The Republic, a democratic country will sooner or later be controlled by a demagogue who wants to run the country like a tyranny. 4. Explain how Plato’s Allegory of the Cave suggests that only philosophy can rescue a person from being controlled by one’s own culture and its customs. 5. Define what ‘dualism’ is. Then explain how Descartes proves that he knows for certain that he is a thinking mind, with more certainty than he knows he has a body. 6. Describe how Descartes’s philosophy tries to show why religion should be able to accept the knowledge that science learns about the natural world. 7. Explain whether this maxim is morally right according to Kant’s categorical imperative: “I should let my friend help me cheat on this exam, so I can get a good grade in this class.” 8. Pick one human right. For that right, explain how Kant’s Categorical Imperative can show that this human right is morally correct. Be sure to include an explanation why violating that right must be morally wrong. 9. Describe why Utilitarianism’s formula, “What is morally right is what makes a society the happiest” could be used for ranking societies from “most moral” to “least moral.” Then raise one objection to this effort to rank societies this way, heard from anti-colonialism. 10. Describe how Appiah hopes to protect small cultures from assimilation into empires by promoting multiculturalism and his “cosmopolitanism.”