**MUST BE ORIGINAL WORK**BE VERY SPECIFIC TO THE INSTRUCTIONS AND PLEASE DON’T PLAGIARIZEAssignment ContentPart I – Participant ObservationSociologists use research to collect information about society and apply their findings to everyday life in order to better understand the human condition. Sociologists can investigate people in their natural environments by becoming part of their everyday settings to observe and study participants.Imagine you are a practicing sociologist who is researching the behavior of social groups in social settings.Conduct a participant observation in a setting where a group of people gather. Examples of places with groups include malls, grocery stores, libraries, restaurants, coffee shops, parks, schools, employee break rooms, parking lots, pubs, sporting events, or your local neighborhood.Station yourself in a safe location where you can observe participants for 60 minutes without having to approach or engage the public. You are just observing people, not interacting with them.Use the Field Study Observation Template to collect field notes on the following data about the individuals in your observation, as you perceive it:Gender/sexRace/ethnicityAge(Your numbers do not need to be exact, but try to make them as accurate as possible. You DO NOT need to submit these notes with your assignment—they are ONLY for you to reference to guide your observation)Part II – Reflection ReportWrite a 525- to 700-word report about your observation. Include the following information:1) SettingDescribe the setting for your observation, including the location, time of day (morning, midday, afternoon, evening), and weather.2) Group DynamicsWhat patterns of group behavior did you observe that may have been influenced by the setting?What patterns of group behavior did you observe based on gender/sex?What patterns of group behavior did you observe based on race/ethnicity?What patterns of group behavior did you observe based on age?Which cultural norms did you observe among your participants? Explain your answer in several sentences using at least one example.What did you observe overall about the group dynamics of your participants? Explain your answer in several sentences using at least one example.What social or economic factors might have influenced the group dynamics you observed? Explain your answer in several sentences.3) Real-World ApplicationsConsider how you could use a participant observation exercise in the future to study patterns in other social groups, such as with families, coworkers, or other organizations. Explain how observing social patterns could help your interactions in a group. Give at least one reason why improving your understanding of group dynamics can help you to succeed in culturally diverse environments.Note: Please provide references to the citations (NO Websites that require logins and NO Blogs as references) and please provide web links for the references.

Assignment 2: Problem SolvingDue Week 9 and worth 150 pointsWhen faced with a problem, what do you do to solve it? This assignment asks you to apply a six-step to problem solving process to a specific problem scenario. You will write a paper that presents a synthesis of your ideas about solving the problem using this systematic approach. As Voltaire said, "No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking."Choose this problem scenario as a topic choice for your paper: Scenario: You have worked at your company for eleven (11) years. You have returned to college to earn a Bachelor’s degree in order to increase your chances for a promotion. You are nearly finished with your degree, when a supervisor’s position in a competing company becomes available in another state. The start date is in two (2) weeks, during your final exam period for your courses. The position offers a $15,000 per year salary increase, a car allowance, and relocation expenses. Your former supervisor works for the company and is recommending you for the position based on your outstanding job performance; if you want the job, it’s yours. All of the other supervisors at this level in the company have Master’s degrees, so you know that you would be expected to earn your Bachelor’s degree and continue on to a Master’s degree. Your present company offers tuition reimbursement, but the new company does not.Review the six-step problem solving process outlined in the webtext, based on the article “The Problem Solving Process” located at http://www.gdrc.org/decision/problem-solve.html:Step One: Define the problemStep Two: Analyze the problemStep Three: Generate optionsStep Four: Evaluate optionsStep Five: Make your decisionStep Six: Implement and reflectWrite a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:1. Define the problem in the scenario that you have chosen.2. Analyze the problem in the scenario.3. Generate options for solving the problem in the scenario.4. Evaluate the options for solving the problem.5. Decide on the best option for solving the problem.6. Explain how you will implement the decision made and reflect on whether this option was the most effective.The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA Style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:Recognize the hindrances to the decision-making process in order to apply problem-solving skills to a variety of situations.Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking.Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic.Grading Rubric: Points: 150 Assignment 2: Problem Solving Criteria Unacceptable Below 60% F Meets Minimum Expectations 60-69% D Fair 70-79% C Proficient 80-89% B Exemplary 90-100% A 1. Define the problem in the scenario chosen. Weight: 20% Did not submit or incompletely defined the problem in the scenario chosen. Insufficiently defined the problem in the scenario chosen. Partially defined the problem in the scenario chosen. Satisfactorily defined the problem in the scenario chosen. . Thoroughly defined the problem in the scenario chosen. 2. Analyze the problem in the scenario. Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely analyzed the problem in the scenario. Insufficiently analyzed the problem in the scenario. Partially analyzed the problem in the scenario. Satisfactorily analyzed the problem in the scenario. Thoroughly analyzed the problem in the scenario. 3. Generate options for solving the problem in the scenario. Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely generated options for solving the problem in the scenario. Insufficiently generated options for solving the problem in the scenario. Partially generated options for solving the problem in the scenario. Satisfactorily generated options for solving the problem in the scenario. Thoroughly generated options for solving the problem in the scenario. 4. Evaluate the options for solving the problem. Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely evaluated the options for solving the problem. Insufficiently evaluated the options for solving the problem. Partially evaluated the options for solving the problem. Satisfactorily evaluated the options for solving the problem. Thoroughly evaluated the options for solving the problem. 5. Decide on the best option for solving the problem Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely decided on the best option for solving the problem. Insufficiently decided on the best option for solving the problem. Partially decided on the best option for solving the problem. Satisfactorily decided on the best option for solving the problem. Thoroughly decided on the best option for solving the problem. 6. Explain how you will implement the decision made and reflect on whether this option was the most effective. Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely explained how the decision made will be implemented and reflected on whether this option was the most effective. Insufficiently explained how the decision made will be implemented and reflected on whether this option was the most effective. Partially explained how the decision made will be implemented and reflected on whether this option was the most effective. Satisfactorily explained how the decision made will be implemented and reflected on whether this option was the most effective. Thoroughly explained how the decision made will be implemented and reflected on whether this option was the most effective. 7. Follow APA Style requirements for format, in-text citation of quotes and paraphrases, and references page. Weight: 10% Did not complete the assignment or had more than 9 errors in following APA Style requirements. Had 8-9 errors in following APA Style requirements. Had 6-7 different errors in following APA Style requirements. Had 4-5 different errors in following APA Style requirements. Had 0-3 different errors in following APA Style requirements. 8. Follow guidelines for clear and organized writing: include an introductory and concluding paragraph; address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Weight: 10% Did not submit or incompletely followed guidelines for clear and organized writing. Insufficiently followed guidelines for clear and organized writing: did not include an introductory and / or concluding paragraph; did not address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Partially followed guidelines for clear and organized writing: included a partially developed introductory and / or concluding paragraph; partially addressed main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Sufficiently followed guidelines for clear and organized writing: included an introductory and concluding paragraph; sufficiently addressed main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences. Fully followed guidelines for clear and organized writing: included an engaging introductory and thoughtful concluding paragraph; fully addressed main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and detailed supporting sentences. 9. Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling. Weight: 10% Did not complete the assignment or had more than 9 errors in grammar, punctuation, mechanics, spelling. Had 8-9 errors in grammar, grammar, punctuation, mechanics, spelling. Had 6-7 different errors in grammar, punctuation, mechanics, spelling. Had 4-5 different errors in grammar, grammar, punctuation, mechanics, spelling. Had 0-3 different errors in grammar, punctuation, mechanics, spelling.

HOMEWORK:1. Watch: Wag the Dog (1997) https://archive.org/details/wagthedog1997_201908a. Rating: R (mild sex and nudity (implicit sexual assault/rape), mild violence and gore, moderate profanity (racial slurs and slurs about people with disabilities), mild alcohol, drugs, and smoking, mild frightening and intense scenes)2. Read: a. John Parrish, “Producing” Politics in Wag the Dog, 49 Perspectives on Political Science 27 (2000).b. Matthew Crain and Anthony Nadler, Political Manipulation and Internet Advertising Infrastructure Journal of Information Policy, 9 Penn State University Press 370 (2019).c. Shanto Iyengar et. al., Experimental Demonstrations of the ‘Not-So-Minimal’ Consequences of Television News Programs, 76 The American Political Science Review 848 (1982).d. Marc J. Hetherington and Michael Nelson, Anatomy of a Rally Effect: George W. Bush and the War on Terrorism, 36 Political Science & Politics: American Political Science Association 37 (2003).Okay so this is same format same as the last work. My Professor sent me examples for questions FOR EXAMPLEQuestion/Comment ExamplesI thought the ending of the film was very satisfying, to see George Washington be inaugurated as President of the United States was a great ending shot. I think this becomes even more satisfying due to just how much of the film takes place in the sweltering courthouse. When we as the audience are finally shown the outside world again, it feels as though we were also trapped in that courthouse. To end the film in celebration was a great finish.How much artistic license do you think was taken?The two scenes with John Adams in Britain, as well as the scene where James Madison uses drinkware as a visual aids to explain his idea for the government, are scenes that stick out to me as ones that were written specifically for the movie, rather than moments taken from historical records.Though I do like the idea of Adams defiantly throwing down a copy the Constitution in front of the British ambassador.This movie is very reliant on heavy conversations and exposition between the founding fathers. To be honest, I don’t really appreciate this in a film, as it makes it more difficult for me to stay focused, however, I felt more tuned in whenever a law or moment in history I knew of was brought up. This dramatization of historical events would continue to peak my interest, and keep me tuned in.If I were to recreate this film, I would try to make it more visually appealing to watch. I understand that it was made a few decades ago, and had to be historically accurate, however most of the scenes were brown and gray, which made it unappealing to watch. Especially for a film so dependent on exposition and conversation, I believe more color and appealing visuals would have greatly improved the film. As a musical theatre nerd, it was hard for my mind to not think about Hamilton, specifically the song Non-Stop, which depicts the events of the Continental Congress. In the song, Alexander Hamilton approaches Aaron Burr in an attempt to get his help in writing the Federalist Papers. I was surprised to not see this depicted in the film. Something I learned watching this film as well as from the readings is how truly divided we have always been as a nation. We could not agree then and we cannot agree now. The film does show that with compromise and commitment, unification is possible. That is a good message for today. One important question is what motivated people like James Madison who devoted a lot of his time to save the United States from failing. Was it because he was selfless or a patriot or did he want to be regarded as an exceptional statesman? Madison went against his own beliefs to think of the future of the country. As asks, “How is it possible for political leaders including George Washington, James Madison, Franklin and Hamilton to design a government, which would end slavery and create equality while they owned slaves?” (7). One may argue that they were only interested in presenting ideas that would last in people’s minds long rather than what they considered important to themselves. However, the film presents them as quite devoted to ensuring that their ideas were implemented.James Madison is often revered as the core to the Constitution’s drafting and ratification. James Hurston’s “The Creation of the Constitution: The Integrity of the Documentary Record” explains that many records of Madison’s notes contain omissions and claims: “Madison's notes are not a forgery, but they are far from a verbatim record of what was said in the Convention. They omit much of what happened in Philadelphia. The extent of their omission is the measure of the difficulty in using them to discover the delegates' intentions” (16). Could such omissions be the cause of the various constitutional interpretations, namely originalism versus living constitutionalism? After watching “A More Perfect Union”, I felt like I had run a 5K. The film at some points felt very slow moving, but was very dramatic and had an air of intensity in certain scenes (like when the convention voted a tie on the Virginia Plan and when James Madison finally agreed to compromise). Even if it was not intentional, does the pace of the movie stand as a symbol of how the delegates of the Constitutional Convention felt throughout the long-winded process of adopting a new government?In the film, there is a scene when James Madison speaks in front of the Continental Congress about factions and a more fair nation. This is also a sentiment Madison brings up in the 10th of the Federalist Papers. Since compromises and the acceptance of factions were important in the Continental Congress, which of the compromises depicted was the most important and why?Federalist 10 stood out because it cautioned against factionalism and the imperative for representative government rather than one ruled through direct democracy. Madison argues that factions are inevitable but can be managed in order to prevent majority factions from oppressing minority ones. This two hundred thirty four year old document speaks volumes to the issues of today’s hyper partisanship and the dangers factions have on our democracy. We see factions or groups influenced by and with media pushing their ideologies and opinions on others while vilifying those that disagree. This has, arguably, led to breakdown in our democracy such as the continued and attempted obstruction of governing to the rarity of bipartisanship in Congress. Instruments of minority protection such as the filibuster and consensus gather has gradually eroded recently. Many are calling for absolute minority rule, a cautionary tale that Madison explicitly warned against.James Madison seems to understand the inherent flaw of the Articles of Confederation. In the scene in which the founders are having dinner Madison explains that the new government must not allow anyone state to have too much power. He also explains in the scene that the federal government must have a set of checks and balances in place so that no one branch of the federal government could overexert its authority. It is obvious in this scene that Washington is impressed by Madison's intellect and vision.During a dinner party scene, Madison met with governors and generals to speak about a proposal for their new government. Madison presents the argument that the Articles of Confederation allow independent states to act as separate countries and that it should be abolished. If you were at that dinner table in that time period, would you agree or disagree with Madison? Why or why not?I thought it was very interesting how the film portrayed disagreements between the representatives when drafting the new government and Constitution. When I was younger and in elementary, middle, and high school, the drafting was portrayed as having been for the most part smooth with agreements being easily made. Of course, both the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan were brought up, but the drafting to me was made to seem glamorous, and compromise and agreement came easily.In the film, you can see that some are discussing the idea of equal rights for everyone and how this needs to be included in the document for the new government.They even mention the fact that it is hypocritical of them to talk of these ideas when slavery was still legal. Why was there not more of an emphasis on abolishing slavery at the start of the new country when it would have been a good opportunity to do so since many of them seemed to understand the hypocrisy?Why did the creators of the film choose to not go into more detail about this?Early on in the movie, it is shown that Americans are turning to burning down government buildings, armed uprisings, and insurrections that result in clashes with the military, as a result of their disdain for the way their government operates. Given the actual insurrection that occurred on January 6, 2021, is history doomed to repeat itself again with the citizens of the United States and militias taking up arms and engaging in further armed insurrections against the government?I was surprised when they were discussing paying back debts to Britain at the beginning of the film. I had never considered what the new government might have owed the crown, but it does make sense as I began to think about it. As a child I pictured the United States winning the war and getting right to business but there was so much that happened that we don’t always hear about or remember. Now that I think about it I remember learning in history class how long it took for the news of battle outcomes to travel and for the British army to finally leave America.In the beginning of the film, “God bless you Mr. Jefferson,” is stated. However, didn’t the Founding Fathers want to keep the government and church separate?