IU Annotated Bibliography Final Draft

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HFRE_ERZBIRQ_YRTNY_776

Writing

Indiana University Bloomington

Description

CORE READING- https://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/02/opinion/garcia-...

Assessment Specifics

Cover Letter

  • Minimum 200 words (successful cover letters are often longer)
  • Address letter to your instructor
  • Answer at least 3 of the 6 questions below; (where applicable) provide brief, specific examples of the following in your cover letter:
    • What is your primary motivation or purpose for writing your draft? Who is your intended audience? What revisions did you make in order to improve how you accomplish this purpose and/or appeal to this audience?
    • What feedback did you receive from your peers? How did you use this feedback to revise your draft? How do these revisions improve your draft?
    • What feedback did you receive from other sources, such as your instructor or tutors? How did you use this feedback to revise your draft? How do these revisions improve your draft?
    • What have you decided to revise in your draft, apart from feedback you received? Why? How do these revisions improve your draft?
    • What problems or challenges did you encounter while writing or revising your draft? How did you solve them?
    • What valuable lessons about writing effectively have you learned as a result of composing this project?
  • Place the cover letter at the beginning of your final draft, before the first page of your actual essay draft; delete your purpose statement.

Your Final Draft

  • APA or MLA manuscript style, as specified by your instructor
  • Observation of the conventions of Standard English
  • 1250 word minimum for final draft. This includes the Research Rationale, List of Source Citations and Annotations, and the Topic Exploration Statement. (The minimum 200 words for your purpose statement is not included in this count.)

Research Rationale

1-2 paragraphs

  • Describe the issue, problem, or controversy you are researching;
  • Identify the relationship between your topic idea and either one of the CORE READINGS or the theme of the CORE READINGS selected by your instructor;
  • Explain the significance or relevance of your research question(s) (to you and to others); and
  • Describe what you hope to discover in your research, including 1-3 specific research questions.

List of Source Citations with Annotations

  • At least 7 relevant, up-to-date, and credible sources, representing different perspectives, responses, and/or information relevant to the research question(s)
  • At least 1 of the CORE READINGS from the Core Readings folder
  • At least 5 sources from the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases *Must use the ivy tech database sources*
  • A 7th source, which may be 1 additional database source; 1 additional CORE READING from your section’s Core Readings folder; OR a reputable source of some other type (open Web source, video, podcast, personal interview, documentary film, TV news story, etc.).
  • Correct Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) source citations (as assigned by your instructor), arranged alphabetically by author’s last name
  • Double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font, using hanging indents
  • An annotation for each source that includes discussion of all five points for each source (Writer, Publication, Summary, Stance, and Use), each part clearly labeled.
  • Each annotation should be 1 paragraph, approximately 5-10 sentences long.

Topic Exploration Statement

3-4 paragraphs.

  • Objective and accurate representation of the ideas and information examined.
  • Accurate and well-reasoned interpretation and synthesis of the information and ideas discovered about the issue or problem.
  • Use of at least 4 relevant and credible sources, cited in-text.
  • Use of evidence from sources (at least 8 paraphrases and/or quotations), clearly discernible from each other and from the writer’s voice and cited using correct in-text citations.

Rubric

Writing Project Annotated Bibliography Final Draft Rubric

Writing Project Annotated Bibliography Final Draft Rubric

CriteriaRatingsPts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCover LetterEffective cover letter, describing peer feedback, explaining how peer feedback was implemented, and explaining how these changes improved the draft

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStyleVoice, tone, and stance are appropriate and effective for material, purpose, and audience. Style is clear, consistent, and cohesive, appealing appropriately to the intended audience.

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeConventionsCorrect document format in APA or MLA style, as specified by the instructor, including source citations alphabetized and double-spaced, with hanging indents; appropriate and consistent spacing for research rational, annotations, and topic exploration statement

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDocument Style

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeResearch Rationale: Description of issueIntroduces the issue, problem, or controversy explored and attempts to express its significance/importance. Relates issue to the core readings.

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeResearch Questions1-3 specific, related research questions

5.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Citations/Annotations: Number, quality, and type of sources7 sources are relevant to the research question(s), credible, and up-to-date. Sources demonstrate a variety of perspectives and source types. At least 1 source is one of the CORE READINGS. At least 5 sources are from the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases. All sources are online sources.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource CitationsSources correctly cited following MLA or APA style, as specified by the instructor; correct identification of author(s), source title, publication title/publisher, publication date or volume/issue, source URL or library database information, etc.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnnotationsEach annotation accurately and critically evaluates source based on writer, publication, summary, stance, and use.

25.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTopic Exploration Statement: ContentEffectively, critically, and accurately addresses several of the following ideas related to the topic: Effectively and accurately defines the issue, problem, or controversy explored; fairly and comprehensively explores importance/significance of problem or issue, competing perspectives that exist about it; examines points of difference and common ground among the sources; reviews and summarizes what is known about the topic based on source findings; examines how research findings address and contribute to research question(s); and/or reveals student’s informed position or stance on the topic, based on the evidence collected and analyzed.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTopic Exploration Statement: OrganizationOrganization is supported with helpful and effective transitions and with coherent arrangement.

5.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTopic Exploration Statement: SynthesisCoherently blends ideas and information among sources to convey and compare understandings, perspectives, and key ideas about the research topic. Sources are discernible from each other and the writer’s voice is discernible from those of the sources.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTopic Exploration Statement: In-Text CitationsUse of at least 4 relevant and credible sources included in the List of Source Citations. Use of at least 8 paraphrases and/or quotations from sources. Evidence is effectively and accurately represented and cited using correct APA or MLA in-text citations.

5.0 pts

Total Points: 150.0

Unformatted Attachment Preview

WRITING PROJECT 3: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Description OVERVIEW: For your Writing Project 3, Annotated Bibliography, you will find, select, and annotate at least 7 relevant, up-to-date, and credible sources which respond to an issue, problem, or controversy related in some way to core readings and which provide information and perspectives that will assist you in answering one or more specific research questions. This project is linked with the next project in the sequence. The sources and perspectives you collect in Writing Project 3 will provide you with the knowledge and evidence you need to take an informed position on your topic in Writing Project 4, Argument. For now, you will focus on exploring your topic, collecting relevant information, formally describing and annotating the sources you collect, and synthesizing information from your sources in a Topic Exploration Statement of your Annotated Bibliography. 1 Explore the topic An Annotated Bibliography is a type of formal academic composition required in many classes. In this class, your Annotated Bibliography will help you gather the sources of information you need to be successful with the next project (Writing Project 4, Argument). This project will include three parts: a Research Rationale, a list of Source Citations with Annotations, and a Topic Exploration Statement. In addition, your first draft will include a Purpose Statement (like other first drafts for this class), and your final draft will include a Cover Letter (like other final drafts for this class). Since the topic you select and the sources you collect for the Annotated Bibliography will form the basis of your evidence for Writing Project 4, Argument, it is important to select a topic wisely, to create interesting and valid research questions, and to devote sufficient time to your research and annotations. As you develop your topic idea, prior to conducting your research, do the following: BUILD ON CORE READINGS AND THE COURSE THEME The problem, issue, or controversy you research must be derived from the CORE READINGS in one of two ways: (1) it must either be inspired by a problem or issue addressed in one of the core readings, or (2) it must relate to the overall theme of the core readings selected by your instructor (if you are unsure what this theme is, contact your instructor). Note: If you choose, you may use the topic you developed for the M07 and M08 Discussion, “Every Picture Tells a Story,” or you may develop a new topic. In either case, the problem, issue, or controversy chosen must relate to the core readings in some way. DEVELOP A RESEARCH QUESTION (OR QUESTIONS) Before you begin your research, create one or more related research questions on your topic that you will use to guide your research. Your research question(s) should ask about things you are genuinely curious about when it comes to your topic and should ALSO address aspects of your topic you think others are interested in and/or need to be more knowledgeable about. WRITE YOUR RESEARCH RATIONALE Your Annotated Bibliography should start with a brief research rationale. This is your “reason” for doing your research. Your research rationale should be 1-2 paragraphs in which you… 1. Describe the issue, problem, or controversy you are researching (as you understand it prior to conducting research); 2. Identify the relationship between your topic idea and either one of the core readings or the theme of the core readings selected by your instructor; 3. Explain the significance or relevance of your topic idea to you personally; 4. Identify potential audiences who may be interested in or who should care about your research and explain why; 5. Describe what you hope to discover in your research; 6. Write one to three research questions that will guide your research (Step 1 of CHAPTER 3 in Writing: Ten Core Concepts, provides guidance on how to write these questions). 2 3 Find supporting research Once you’ve established your topic, your research question(s), and your rationale, use the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases to find your sources. Although you will have some options to use other types of sources as well, database research in the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases will be required as the backbone of your research process. TYPES OF SOURCES TO FIND • At least 1 source must be one of the CORE READINGS from your section’s unique group of thematic core readings. • At least 5 sources must be found in the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases (such as EBSCO, ProQuest, LexisNexis Academic, NewsBank, Opposing Viewpoints, CQ Researcher, etc.). • The 7th source may be an additional database source, an additional CORE READING, or an additional source of another type, such as a reputable open web source, video, podcast, personal interview, documentary film, television news story, etc. For example, you may include one of the web articles you found in the M09 and M10 Discussion, “Fact, Opinion, or Just Plain Fake?” • You may include more than 7 sources, but this is not required. Additional sources beyond 7 may be of any type. • Use online sources: Since this is an online course, it is expected that you will find your sources online (in the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases or on reputable websites). DO NOT USE PRINT BOOKS OR MAGAZINES for this project unless you have received specific permission from your instructor. EVALUATING YOUR SOURCES As you search for sources, select those that you think will help you answer the research question(s) you proposed and that will help you develop a comprehensive understanding of your topic, offer different opinions or perspectives regarding the problem, issue, or controversy you are researching, and taken together, give you an overview of the issue from any sides. As well, ALL of the sources you collect should also meet the criteria for evaluating sources described in CHAPTER 22 of Writing: Ten Core Concepts. These include evaluating the credibility, reliability, bias, and usefulness of each source. (Note: You may also review the IvyTILT Exercises and the Reliable Sources page in Module 9 for more help with evaluating sources.) Write and format After you have collected and evaluated your sources, continue writing your Annotated Bibliography, by doing the following: LIST YOUR SOURCE CITATIONS Write your source citations (at least 7, as defined above) in APA or MLA style, as assigned by your instructor. The source citations should be listed in References or Works Cited format: double-spaced, using hanging indents, and alphabetized by author’s last name. Use the links, videos, and other resources provided on the APA Format and Citation page or the MLA Format and Citation page to construct correct APA or MLA citations. WRITE YOUR ANNOTATIONS After each source citation, include an annotation that briefly summarizes and evaluates the source. To summarize and evaluate each source, each annotation should contain the following 5 parts. Use the questions below to stimulate your thinking about each source, addressing the questions that apply to the source. Be sure to clearly label each of these 5 parts: • The Writer(s): Identify and describe the author(s) of the cited source. What are this person’s credentials or his/her authority on this issue? How do you know this writer is a trustworthy or reputable source of information on this issue? • The Publication: Identify and describe the journal, magazine, newspaper, website, or organization where the source was published. Who are the intended readers for this kind of publication? How do you know that this publication is a trustworthy or reputable source for information on this issue? • The Summary: In your own words, identify the type of source, state the main claim or conclusion of this source, and summarize the key supporting points or examples supporting the main claim. Is the source a newspaper article, a professional journal article, an opinion piece or editorial, a scientific report, or some other type of source? What claim or main idea, if any, is being argued? What significant information is provided? What does this source say? • The Stance: Identify and describe the rhetorical situation for the source. What do you know about the original purpose and the original audience for this source? How does the author intend to affect the audience? Does the source try to persuade readers to change their views or actions? Does it attempt to inform readers about it? Does it attempt to entertain? (Note: It could do all three in some way). Can you recognize any bias in the author’s approach? For example, what is this writer’s “stake” in the issue, and how has this writer’s profession, affiliations, experiences, interests, or personal values influenced her/his position? Does the author stress certain details and leave out other important details related to the topic? How reliable, current, complete, and accurate is the evidence used by the author of the source? • The Use: What use can YOU make of this source in understanding the topic or writing the next writing project? How does this source help you answer your research question(s)? How does it suggest more areas to explore or deeper questions to answer? What significant quote, a paraphrase, a general reaction, or a theme or idea from this source might you include in your Topic Exploration Statement or in your next project (Writing Project 4, Argument). 4 Synthesize After you have cited and annotated your sources, you will explore some of the ideas and information you’ve uncovered about your topic by writing your Topic Exploration Statement: TOPIC EXPLORATION STATEMENT In this statement, you will examine the information and ideas contained in the sources you collected, looking for evidence from those sources to define your topic in a meaningful way for your audience and analyze its controversies and competing perspectives. This may include answering several of the questions below: • How would you define the topic now that you have researched it? How has your understanding of the topic changed from the initial impressions you had of it (especially compared to what you wrote in your Research Rationale)? • What are the key controversies or competing perspectives on your topic as a whole? What are the major disputed views or disagreements? • How do your sources agree with each other? On what information or ideas is there a consensus or common agreement? • On what information or ideas do your sources disagree with each other? What accounts for these differences? • How do your sources address or contribute to your research question(s)? • How would you objectively sum up what you know about the topic so far, based on your research? • What is your stance, view, or position on the issue or problem, after reviewing your research? Which research findings contribute to your current position or stance? • What do you still need to know? What new questions have come up as a result of your research? In your Topic Exploration Statement, you must use evidence from at least 4 sources, cited in-text, to support, illustrate, and justify your findings. As you use evidence, remember that you are expected to blend and compare information and ideas among your sources, a practice of writing called synthesis (CHAPTER 19, pp. 633-637, of Writing: Ten Core Concepts, offers instruction on how to effectively synthesize information from multiple sources). In your statement, the sources from which your evidence comes should be discernible from each other, and your own writing voice should be discernible from those of the sources. ALL paraphrases and quotations, no matter how many you use, and ALL sources used, must be correctly cited following APA or MLA style guidelines (as specified by your instructor). WRITING PROJECT 3: Annotated Bibliography Assessment Specifics & Grading Rubrics The following provides specific information for completing and submitting your project assignments – your purpose statement and first draft, due in Module 9, and the cover letter and final draft, due in Module 11. FIRST DRAFT - Due in Module 9 (20 points) 1. 2. Your Purpose Statement Specifics • Minimum 150 words (successful purpose statements are often longer) • Following Step 2 in CHAPTER 3, analyze and specifically describe your Audience, Time, Place, and Purpose of your draft. Place your purpose statement at the beginning of your first draft, before the first page of your actual composition. For this assignment, your audience is a curious academic audience of peers First Draft Specifics • APA or MLA manuscript style, as specified by your instructor • Observation of the conventions of Standard English • 1000 word minimum for first draft. This includes the Research Rationale, List of Source Citations and Annotations, and the Topic Exploration Statement. (The minimum 150 words for your purpose statement is not included in this count.) Research Rationale • 1-2 paragraphs • Describe the issue, problem, or controversy you are researching • Identify the relationship between your topic idea and either one of the CORE READINGS or the theme of the CORE READINGS selected by your instructor • Explain the significance or relevance of your research question(s) to you and to others • Describe what you hope to discover in your research, including 1-3 specific research questions List of Source Citations with Annotations • At least 3 relevant, up-to-date, and credible sources, representing different perspectives, responses, and/or information relevant to the research question(s); 2 or more are from the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases, 1 may be a CORE READING from the Core Readings/Focus Texts page • Correct Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) source citations (as assigned by your instructor), arranged alphabetically by author’s last name • Source citations are double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font, using hanging indents • An annotation for each source that includes discussion of all five criteria for each source (Writer, Publication, Summary, Stance, and Use), each part clearly labeled • Each annotation should be 1 paragraph, approximately 5-10 sentences long Topic Exploration Statement • • • • • First Draft Rubric 2-3 paragraphs Objective and accurate representation of the ideas and information examined Accurate and well-reasoned interpretation and synthesis of the information and ideas discovered about the issue or problem Use of at least 3 relevant and credible sources, cited in-text Use of evidence from sources (at least 6 paraphrases and/or quotations), clearly discernible from each other and from the writer’s voice and cited using correct in-text citations Criteria Points Effective purpose statement, minimum 150 words 5 Complete draft—Research Rationale, List of Source Citations with Annotations (at least 3 sources), and Topic Exploration Statement, minimum 1000 words 10 Correct document format in APA or MLA style, as specified by your instructor. Use of at least 6 paraphrases (key details or ideas rephrased in your own words) and/or quotations (words, phrases, or key sentences), cited using correct APA or MLA in-text citations. 5 TOTAL 20 points FINAL DRAFT - Due in Module 11 (150 points) 1. Cover Letter Specifics 2. Final Draft Specifics • Minimum 200 words (successful cover letters are often longer) • Address letter to your instructor. • Answer at least 3 of the 5 questions below (where applicable). Provide brief, specific examples of the following in your cover letter: o What feedback did you receive from your peers? How did you use this feedback to revise your draft? How do these revisions improve your draft? o What feedback did you receive from other sources, such as your instructor or tutors? How did you use this feedback to revise your draft? How do these revisions improve your draft? o What have you decided to revise in your draft, apart from feedback you received? Why? How do these revisions improve your draft? o What problems or challenges did you encounter while writing or revising your draft? How did you solve them? o What valuable lessons about writing effectively have you learned as a result of composing this project? • Place the cover letter at the beginning of your final draft, before the first page of your actual composition; delete your purpose statement. • APA or MLA manuscript style, as specified by your instructor • Observation of the conventions of Standard English • 1250 word minimum for final draft. This includes the Research Rationale, List of Source Citations and Annotations, and the Topic Exploration Statement. (The minimum 200 words for your cover letter is not included in this count.) Research Rationale • 1-2 paragraphs • Describe the issue, problem, or controversy you are researching • Identify the relationship between your topic idea and either one of the CORE READINGS or the theme of the CORE READINGS selected by your instructor • Explain the significance or relevance of your research question(s) (to you and to others) • Describe what you hope to discover in your research, including 1-3 specific research questions List of Source Citations with Annotations • At least 7 relevant, up-to-date, and credible sources, representing different perspectives, responses, and/or information relevant to the research question(s) • At least 1 of the CORE READINGS from the Core Readings folder • At least 5 sources from the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases • A 7th source, which may be 1 additional database source; 1 additional CORE READING from your section’s Core Readings folder; OR a reputable source of some other type (open Web source, video, podcast, personal interview, documentary film, TV news story, etc.) • Correct Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) source citations (as assigned by your instructor), arranged alphabetically by author’s last name • Double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font, using hanging indents • An annotation for each source that includes discussion of all five points for each source (Writer, Publication, Summary, Stance, and Use), each part clearly labeled • Each annotation should be 1 paragraph, approximately 5-10 sentences long Topic Exploration Statement • 3-4 paragraphs • Objective and accurate representation of the ideas and information examined • Accurate and well-reasoned interpretation and synthesis of the information and ideas discovered about the issue or problem. • Use of at least 4 relevant and credible sources, cited in-text • Use of evidence from sources (at least 8 paraphrases and/or quotations), clearly discernible from each other and from the writer’s voice and cited using correct in-text citations. Criteria Description Effective cover letter, describing peer feedback, explaining how peer feedback was implemented, and Cover Letter explaining how these changes improved the draft Points 10 Voice, tone, and stance are appropriate and effective for material, purpose, and audience. Style is clear, Style consistent, and cohesive, appealing appropriately to the intended audience. 10 Conventions Clear control of language conventions with few distracting typos or errors 10 Correct document format in APA or MLA style, as specified by the instructor, including source citations Document style alphabetized and double-spaced, with hanging indents; appropriate and consistent spacing for research 10 rational, annotations, and topic exploration statement RESEARCH RATIONALE Description of Introduces the issue, problem, or controversy explored and attempts to express its Issue significance/importance. Relates issue to the core readings. Research 1-3 specific, related research questions questions 10 5 LIST OF SOURCE CITATIONS WITH ANNOTATIONS Final Draft Rubric Number, 7 sources are relevant to the research question(s), credible, and up-to-date. Sources demonstrate a quality, and variety of perspectives and source types. At least 1 source is one of the CORE READINGS. At least 5 type of sources sources are from the Ivy Tech Library subscription databases. All sources are online sources. 15 Sources correctly cited following MLA or APA style, as specified by the instructor; correct identification Source of author(s), source title, publication title/publisher, publication date or volume/issue, source URL or Citations library database information, etc. 15 Each annotation accurately and critically evaluates source based on writer, publication, summary, stance, Annotations and use. 25 TOPIC EXPLORATION STATEMENT Effectively, critically, and accurately addresses several of the following ideas related to the topic: Effectively and accurately defines the issue, problem, or controversy explored; fairly and comprehensively explores importance/significance of problem or issue, competing perspectives that exist Content about it; examines points of difference and common ground among the sources; reviews and summarizes 15 what is known about the topic based on source findings; examines how research findings address and contribute to research question(s); and/or reveals student’s informed position or stance on the topic, based on the evidence collected and analyzed. Organization Organization is supported with helpful and effective transitions and with coherent arrangement. Coherently blends ideas and information among sources to convey and compare understandings, Synthesis perspectives, and key ideas about the research topic. Sources are discernible from each other and the writer’s voice is discernible from those of the sources. 5 15 Use of at least 4 relevant and credible sources included in the List of Source Citations. Use of at least 8 In-text Citations paraphrases and/or quotations from sources. Evidence is effectively and accurately represented and cited using correct APA or MLA in-text citations. 5 TOTAL 150 points NOTE: Proportional points may be deducted for final drafts that do not meet minimum word counts (200 words minimum for Cover Letter and 1250 words minimum for Annotated Bibliography). The Annotated Bibliography may be returned ungraded (or with a grade of zero) if the topic does not relate to this section’s core readings or if any part of the rationale or annotations is plagiarized. Anonymous Student 1 Anonymous Student Professor Sheldon Cooper ENGL 111 99C 1 April 2014 NOTE: Your paper will include either a Purpose Statement (first draft) or a Cover Letter (final draft) as the first page of your paper. Annotated Bibliography Research Rationale For WP3, I am planning to research and synthesize perspectives on the issue of the causes and best practices in fighting homelessness. In the core reading written by Winston Ross, there is heavy discussion regarding the potential causes of homelessness (internet addiction, depression, etc.) as well as many perspectives given on programs put in place to combat this social issue including rehabilitation centers and soup kitchens. With this in mind, I plan to research and synthesize the many perspectives on what causes homelessness (including internet addiction) as well as what programs best affect the issue (including rehabilitation centers as cited in the Ross piece). I also plan to provide information on how the issue of homelessness has been affected by the development on the internet in the context of educating others and advocating for the issue. I believe that this issue is relevant to this project because it is related to one of the core readings, has two or more sides, is current, and impacts the local community. Further, I do not currently hold a strong, passionate opinion on this issue and look forward to forming an informed position for use in WP4. Research Questions: 1. What are the common traits of programs that effectively relieve homelessness from individuals and how can these traits be used to the aid of other programs with similar missions? 2. How has the number of homeless individuals in the United States as well as the character of these individuals changed overtime specifically in relation to the development of the internet? 3. How has the internet and media effected the issue of homelessness in the context of issue education, program funding/marketing, and job searching? 4. What are considered to be the top five causes of homelessness in the United States held by those who can be considered experts? 5. How do perspectives differ on the issue of homelessness between advocates of the issue and local residents of a community? Anonymous Student 2 NOTE: Your paper will include a minimum of 3 source citations and annotations in the first draft or 7 source citations and annotations (final draft). You may include more than this minimum (optional). Source Citations and Annotations Gomez, Alan. “Cities Crack Down on Panhandling.” USA Today, 10 June 2009, www. pressreader.com/usa/usa-today-us-edition/20090610/282570194080071. Accessed 20 Mar. 2014. The Writer: Alan Gomez is a news reporter at USA Today. He’s been reporting for over a decade and specializes in reporting on issues of immigration, congress, and regional stories in Florida, USA. The Publication: USA Today is a renowned news source for many topics including domestic/international news, politics, social issues, etc. This article was found through the EBSCO HOST database. The Summary: This is a news report highlighting the opinions and facts connected to a policy change effecting the homeless population of St Petersburg, FL. It offers perspectives of government officials, advocates, as well as local residents on the effect of the new laws as well as the issue in general. The Stance: Being that this is a report, Mr. Gomez does not take a stance on the issue, but rather offers many perspectives from many stakeholders in local policy. The Use: This is a useful article because it provides a broad range of opinions on the issue of homelessness and the usefulness (or failure) of policy solutions to the issue. This article will help me to provide perspectives from multiple sides of the issue, rather than providing a one-sided argument. Katel, Peter. "Housing the Homeless." CQ Researcher, 18 Dec. 2009: pp. 1053-76, library.cqpress.com.indianapolis.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu/cqrese archer/cqresrre200912. Accessed 20 Mar. 2014. The Writer: Peter Katel is a CQ Researcher staff writer. He has previously reported for Time and Newsweek and has also written for some newspapers in New Mexico. He’s received numerous journalism awards and holds an A.B. in university studies from the University of New Mexico. The Publication: CQ Researcher provides in-depth coverage of the most important issues of the day. Reports are written by experienced journalists and are professionally fact-checked. Anonymous Student 3 The Summary: This piece is an investigative report on how homelessness is changing in the United States and highlights the necessity for change in the context of homelessness services. Katel emphasizes programs related to shelters or affordable housing. It outlines the current situation, issue outlook, pro/cons, a chronology, multiple graphs, and provides other resources on the issue. The Stance: Being that this is a primarily investigative piece, Mr. Katel seems to refrain from holding a stance on the issue. Overall though, it can be assumed that Katel believes in the need for updated issue analysis as time goes on. The Use: This is a useful article because it provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of homelessness in the United States and gives perspective on specific solutions such as shelters and affordable housing. It mixes opinion with fact and will help me to build an argument involving both individual perspective as well as data grounded in research. Ross, Winston. “Internet Addiction Left My Brother Homeless.” Newsweek, 10 July 2009, www.cengage.com/custom/static_content/OLC/s76656_76218lf/ross.pdf. Accessed 16 Feb. 2014. The Writer: Winston Ross has been a writer for thirteen years and outside of his personal blog has been a national correspondent and freelance writer for magazines entitled The Daily Beast and Newsweek. The Publication: Newsweek is a news magazine that provides in-depth analysis, news and opinion about international issues, technology, business, culture, and politics. The Summary: This piece is an expose of one man’s experience with internet addiction and its connection to homelessness. Further, this piece provides opinion and some data regarding different perspectives on the causes of homelessness as well as the many solutions proposed to combat the social issue. The Stance: Mr. Ross can be seen to advocate for a strong connection between internet addiction and homelessness. Further, Ross seems to hold that everyone’s experience with homelessness is unique and to some extent seems to advocate for intentionality when seeking to combat the social issue. The Use: This is a useful article because it provides multiple perspectives on the causes of homelessness as well as provides examples of multiple treatment options in existence. This piece will help me to provide analysis over the causes of homelessness (specifically addiction and internet addiction) as well as add a human-ness to my argument being that it is largely biographical in nature. Stein, Joel. "The Real Face of Homelessness." Time 1 Jan. 2003, pp. 54-60. MasterFILE Premier, indianapolis.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu /login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.indianapolis.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy Anonymous Student 4 .ivytech.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=8865966&site=ehost-live. Accessed 20 Mar. 2014. The Writer: Joel Stein is an American journalist who has written for the Los Angeles Times and is a regular contributor to Time magazine. He’s also contributed to The New Yorker, GQ, Esquire and BusinessWeek, among others. The Publication: Time is an American weekly magazine published in New York City. It has the world’s largest circulation for a weekly news magazine and has a readership of nearly 25 million. It covers a variety of topics including politics, world news, photos, video, tech reviews, health, and science/entertainment news. The Summary: This piece discusses homelessness in the United States as well as some policy efforts to combat the social issue. Provided in this piece are statistics on homelessness, analysis of the causes of poverty, and profiles of homeless families/individuals including information regarding how they became homeless. Also included is a poll in which US citizens answer questions regarding homelessness. The Stance: This piece is primarily an investigative report and as such, Mr. Stein cannot be seen to hold a specific opinion. That being said, Stein can to some extent be assumed to support government spending on the homeless issue in the US based on his language. The Use: Although this piece is full of information regarding homelessness, I believe that most useful to my efforts will be the profiles of homeless individuals and families. Not only does this section provide perspective on who the American homeless are but also how they became homeless, which is pivotal to my discussion. Triplett, William. "Ending Homelessness." CQ Researcher 18 June 2004, pp. 541-64, library. cqpress.com.indianapolis.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu/cqresearcher/ cqresrre2004061800. Accessed 18 Mar. 2014. The Writer: William Triplett joined the CQ Researcher as a staff writer after covering science and the arts for such publications as Smithsonian, Air & Space, Nature, Washingtonian and The Washington Post. He also served as associate editor of Capitol Style magazine. He holds a B.A. in journalism from Ohio University and an M.A. in English literature from Georgetown University. The Publication: CQ Researcher provides in-depth coverage of the most important issues of the day. Reports are written by experienced journalists and are professionally fact-checked. The Summary: This is an investigative/research piece. Mr. Triplett provides extensive data and articles related to the issue of homelessness including the current state of homelessness, past efforts to end homelessness, expert views on homelessness, and evaluation of the issue from a social, economic, and political context. The Stance: Mr. Triplett provides data regarding the effectiveness of various programs’ pursuits to end homelessness and sees high importance in maintaining intentionality when creating policy, implementing programs, and brainstorming solutions to effecting homelessness. The Use: This is a useful article in the argument for revolution and intentionality within the context of fighting homelessness. It provides extensive information on what programs work and Anonymous Student 5 what programs hurt. This is a strong research piece that will help me to ground my argument in fact, rather than opinion. Waters, Richard D., and Meredith L. Wang. “Advocacy on the Internet: Lessons Learned from the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act of 2005.” Journal of Promotion Management, vol. 17, no. 2, Apr./June 2011, pp. 241-256. Academic Search Premier, doi: 10.1080/10496491.2011.580691. Accessed 20 Mar. 2014. The Writers: Waters is an Assistant Professor at the University of San Francisco and teaches courses in nonprofit fundraising, organizational behavior, and nonprofit marketing. He holds a Ph.D. in Mass Communications and sits on many review boards for various scholarly journals. He has been published in many prestigious journals including the Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly and the Journal of Public Relations Research. Wang is a professor of communication studies at Collin County Community College in Texas. She teaches classes in nonprofit fundraising, communication, and mass media and has been published in multiple outlets including the International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing and the Journal of Promotion Management. The Publication: The Journal of Promotion Management is an academic journal providing coverage of applied research and planning in promotion management, designed for practitioners in advertising, public relations, and personal selling, as well as academicians, researchers, and teachers in these areas. The Summary: This piece provides insight on how nonprofit organizations can ban together for social causes through media outlets (specifically internet outlets). To do this, the authors analyze a situation in which multiple organizations came together via internet to advocate against new policy (The Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act of 2005). Although they failed to stop the policy from becoming law, the authors give insight to how organizations can participate in joint advocacy efforts via the internet. The Stance: The authors of this piece believe that internet advocacy for social issues is highly feasible but must be done strategically and with great care. They provide multiple “best practices” to organizations seeking to improve their media advocacy efforts. The Use: Although not specifically about homelessness, I believe that this piece is useful due to its insight on the commonality and practicality of using the internet to advocate for social causes. Its provision of best practices will help me to build an argument for using the internet to advocate for homelessness. NOTE: Your paper will include an additional “Topic Exploration Statement” as the last section of your Annotated Bibliography. Will, I found your topic very interesting. I don’t know much about the job market or unemployment rates, but I have always been interested in the stagnation of the minimum wage. I think this aspect may relate to your topic because in my experience, jobs with fair compensation have better employment rates than those without. I think it could also be helpful to discuss gainful employment opportunities and how they fit into the job market. I am curious to know successful this concept is and how many people it affects. I think you did a great job writing a clear outline of what your paper will focus on. I think it could be helpful if you included a broader description of what job inequality means and entails. Your references seem credible and notable, and I especially like the fact that you included an article from the IndyStar to relate your research to our class and how it may impact or affect them. As long as you include facts to support your research, I think your paper will be voiced objectively. You do need to include in source citations and possibly add more references to your paper, but overall, I think have the beginnings of a solid paper. Nice job! ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 1 Annotated Bibliography Will Heller Ivy Tech-English ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 2 Purpose Statement The purpose of this paper is to research and synthesize perspectives on the issue as well as cause and even best practices concerning job inequality, especially with the marginalized societies such as immigrants, and the less privileged such as the homeless. In "The government should guarantee a good job for everyone by Ardy Barkan, the author provides multifaceted reasoning as to why and how job equality would help all individuals and the American economy at large. To build on this, I plan to research and synthesize all factors that support job inequality and answer questions about how they can such a societal problem can be alleviated. Additionally, I intend to add more perspective as to how the government has helped raise job inequality. I am positive that this issue is relevant to the project given the fact that it is among the core readings and is all rounded, providing answers to questions from all angles and has been a pressing issue which impacts the American citizen. Research Rationale Job inequality has been around since the industrial revolution, despite government efforts to end it. As such, the research will assess articles that highlight the history of the issue, as well as how it has evolved, with some communities winning the war against inequality with others while others, the minority and vulnerable remain largely unemployed, or fail to achieve top positions. However, since this issue continues to shape, and is continuously formed by politics, it is important that critical attention is paid to views and perspectives that are current. The research also gives an upper hand to papers and articles backed by statistical figures that can be proven, rather than opinion based writings. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 3 Research Questions 1. What are the main causes of job inequality among the minority and vulnerable groups in the United States? 2. How do job inequality figures compare to the past, and what measures have been instituted to curb this phenomenon? 3. What are the economic implications of job inequality, how will these groups compare where inequality is successfully mitigated? Source Citations and Annotations Garcia, C. (March 4, 2012). Imagine a day without a Mexican. Retrieved from CNN: https://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/02/opinion/garcia-illegal-immigrants/index.html The Writer: Holding a Juris doctor degree from the University of Colombia Law School, the author has moved ranks through the American work system, initially starting as an army man, to business manager and finally the CEO of an advocacy group that focuses on the empowerment of Latino person. He is not a full-time writer but occasionally, provides commentary on the sensitive issues surrounding the Latino community part of his ALFA CEO roles. The Publication: CNN is a world-renowned media organization that provides news and in-depth analyses of ongoing issues around various parts of the globe. Articles and publications are therefore fact-checked, before being offered to the public. The Summary: This is an informative article that seeks to clear the air regarding the presence of immigrants in the United States, especially those of Mexican descent. Mr. Garcia provides ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 4 important data on the economic importance of immigrants. This includes the costs of their labor and taxes, and how much they receive as social security and medical insurance. The Use: This is a useful article given that in the argument towards pushing for equality within the realm of industrial labor provision. It offers deep information as to the amount of revenue this marginalized group is generating for the United States. While the article seems to employ satire, it serves its purpose by not only asking for the retention of immigrants in the United States but also for them to be accorded active labor. Richardson, L. (2015, February 27). Entrepreneur, 25, who hires homeless shares her story. Retrieved from Indy Star: https://www.indystar.com/story/money/2015/02/27/entrepreneur-hires-homeless-sharesstory-indy-chamber/24138211/ The Writer: Ms. Richardson is a veteran journalist who covers topics that mainly deal with workplace issues and trends. She is a member of several boards that deal with the rights of black journalists, as well as those of color. She studied journalism at Ball State University and newsroom management at the Maynard Institute for Journalism. The Publication: The Indianapolis Star is a century-old newspaper that holds a significant position in the journalism market of Indianapolis. It became the major newspaper in 1999 and had won the Pulitzer Prize for Investigative journalism, highlighting its credibility. The Summary: The article, which is an interview with an entrepreneur from Canada, explains how Ms. Scott, the entrepreneur has managed to fail a gap by providing basic commodities for homeless individuals. Most importantly, she employs these persons in her premises ensuring that ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 5 a good section of persons utilizing her products help in the manufacturing while earning, something that allows them to raise their living standards. The Use: This article provides a useful view with regards to how job inequality may be alleviated. Most importantly, it highlights how vulnerable groups, as well as those with the lowest job qualifications, may be used in the production line of products that matter to them, removing them, from the bottom of the pile in the process. Gee, M. (2018, February 28). Why Aren't Black Employees Getting More White-Collar Jobs? Retrieved from Harvard Business Review: https://hbr.org/2018/02/why-arent-blackemployees-getting-more-white-collar-jobs The Writer: Michael Gee is a Boston College and the Columbia Business School, graduate. He, therefore, possesses an extensive global business development and strategy experience. The Publication: Harvard Business Review, is a magazine published by Harvard University on issues of general management. It addresses all issues with regards to business and employment from the managerial perspectives. The Summary: The article addresses attempts to address the issue of the absence of the minority races in managerial positions. He goes against the notion that technology and immigration are some of the reasons the minorities lack jobs. Instead, he believes this is an image created by political figureheads for personal gains. Most importantly he paints a perfect picture by providing empirical data that explains the racial, and gender inequality with regards incomes. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Heller 6 The Use: This paper provides answers to political rhetoric that have helped create a conceited image as to what has helped increase job inequality. Additionally, the author helps provide an opinion on how this issue may be alleviated. Topic Exploration Statement Job inequality is a controversial topic in the world over, which is mainly as a result of class stratification. This allows individuals to access better jobs, whereas some groups, despite qualifications and job suitability are ignored and left out during the selection and posting for jobs. The information explored, therefore, highlights reasons for job inequality among the minority groups with a major reason being political rhetoric. This has helped create an image that immigrants are in the country illegally; hence despite one's qualification and even where one is in the country legally, they are more than likely treated the same; illegal, educated and unqualified. On the other hand, solutions to help these groups include utilizing them in the production of products and services that are of importance to them. This is an important step towards reducing job inequality since such actions help create exposure for such community making them even more qualified to fit and work in the American work system. On the other hand, it introduces them to entrepreneurship something they may utilize to help their communities while making a living, helping them to reduce the wealth gap in the process.
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Explanation & Answer

Howdy!You wanted an A paper, well I've got it for you! So far so good! Everything is neatly typed for you in the document attached below. I've also included an outline to guide you on how the document is organized.Kindly hit me up if you need any edits or clarifications whatsoever. Don't hesitate to invite me for future questions! I'll be around if you need anything.Cheers!

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Annotated Bibliography Final Draft
Name
Course
University of Affiliation
Date

1

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

2

Cover Letter
My primary motivation in writing my draft is to synthesize and critically examine on the
issue, cause as well as the best practices concerning job inequality, specifically about the
marginalized societies such as the immigrants and the homeless. My intended audience for this
project is the government who by all means should be in a position to ensure that there is job
equality with the aim of helping the American people and improving the economy. However, in
recent times, instead of waging war against job inequality, the government seems to be in
support of job inequality. For example, the Trump administration intended to eradicate the
Mexicans from the United States by constructing a Mexico border wall. Regarding my draft, I
have received feedback from my instructor who suggests that I should as well look into the
stagnation of the minimum wage. Hence, in my research, I intend to expound on my research
topic and focus on the broader definition of job inequality and what it entails such as the fair
compensation and gainful employment opportunities and how they fit into the job market. Given
the fact that job inequality is a persisting issue in America and that it is among the topics in the
core readings, I believe that by expounding on my area of research, my project will become even
more relevant.
Research Rationale
Since the industrial revolution, job inequality has been a persisting issue both in America
and other nations despite the efforts to end it. UNICEF defines job inequality as the unequal
treatment of individuals based on their sexuality, accent, height, gender, race, or even weight in
the workplace. With this in mind, I plan to carry out broader research and synthesize the different
aspects of gender inequality ranging from unequal distribution of wages and stagnation of the
minimum wage to employment opportunities and how they fit into the job market. Additionally,
I intend to provide information on how the issue of job inequality has affected has affected
economic growth due to the poor socioeconomic status of individuals, resulting in increased
crime rates. Expounding on my research topic ‘job equality’, I believe that it makes more sense
because I have a broader view of the situation, thus making the topic more related to the core
reading, it is current, and it affects the society.
Research Questions
1. What are the economic implications of job inequality, how will these groups
compare where inequality is successfully mitigated and what is being done regarding job
inequality?
2. What are the reasons against increasing the minimum wage and how many people
are affected?
3. What are the causes and costs of stagnation of the minimum wage rate and what is
the impact...


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