Overview Part 2 asks you to formalize your Project 2 visual analysis by writing a 1,000 – 1,200-word essay that identifies a stakeholder’s argument that has been communicated through two of its visual images. Prior to this assignment, you have chosen a stakeholder (organization) and two of its images and created substantial content by answering guiding questions. This Part 2 assignment asks that you to more critically analyze the visual and rhetorical strategies this organization implements in its campaign and analyze how these visual arguments reflect the organization’s goals, which encompass its interests, missions, and message. Skills & Strategies This Part 2 assignment will help you to • • • • • • • • determine a stakeholder’s goals, which encompass its interests. missions, and message analyze further the rhetorical situation associated with the stakeholder’s two images examine the rhetorical strategies used in the two images that support the stakeholder’s goals substantiate your visual analysis with research identify and develop organizational strategies that contribute to the effective delivery of information and presentation construct an introduction and solid thesis that presents the relationship between the two images and the stakeholder’s goals write a conclusion that highlights the main points and considers forward-thinking research ideas for research/action cite sources according to the assigned requirements Description (and Step by Step) Part 2 should be a fully-developed 1,000 – 1,200-word essay that analyzes how the two visual arguments reflect the concerns of the stakeholder and discuss visual rhetorical strategies that establish relationships between the two images. This draft should include an introduction and thesis, all major points, evidence to support these points (including in-text citations from appropriate sources), and a Works Cited page. The draft must also include the two images you have analyzed, embedded into your draft. This draft should include the following steps: 1. An introduction that clearly identifies the stakeholder and its background (context), the controversial issue, and the thesis that presents the relationship between the two images 2. 3. 4. 5. and the stakeholder’s main argument, including how the two images represent the stakeholder’s goals, which encompass its interests, missions, and message An analysis of the rhetorical strategies used in both images, taking into consideration audience, message, purpose, rhetorical appeals, and/or rhetorical fallacies (if they exist), and pointing to specific details from the image to support your claim An integration of at least three sources into your visual analysis; one must be a source from the stakeholder, and the others may come from secondary sources about the stakeholder or about the images discussed. A conclusion that highlights the main points and considers forward-thinking research ideas for research/action A Works Cited page Helpful Hints As you perform your visual analysis of the two images, keep your focus on the relationship between the two images and the stakeholder’s main argument, including how the two images represent the stakeholder’s goals, which encompass its interests, missions, and message. Evidence from your 3 sources should be smoothly integrated into your visual analysis, rather than presented as a tag on. In other words, your research should help to provide context and further support for your analysis and thesis. Find an organizational pattern that advances your thesis. Use topic sentences to introduce each analysis component, followed by supporting details. Use transitions to move from one idea to another. Name 1 STUDENT INSTRUCTOR COURSE DATE Greenpeace Against Nuclear Energy Since the invention of the atomic bomb during WWII, nuclear energy has been a hot topic of debate. On one hand, many organizations support nuclear energy because they believe that it helps the world economy and the environment. These groups argue that nuclear power is a sustainable source of energy, creates jobs, and produces no greenhouse gas emissions. However, some organizations are concerned with the waste this energy creates. The waste gets buried inside the Earth and contaminates nearby bodies of water, threatens the health of humans, and can permanently damage the environment. Greenpeace International, an environmental activist organization, does not support nuclear energy. Greenpeace believes that nuclear energy provides an excuse not to use non-toxic, renewable energy sources, such as solar energy. The group adds that nuclear energy creates waste that leaks under pipelines and can lead to a radioactive meltdown, and even to a nuclear holocaust. Greenpeace International successfully supports its argument to environmentalists worldwide that nuclear energy should be stopped through two pieces of visual rhetoric that connect nuclear energy to death and destruction. Greenpeace argues that nuclear energy should be stopped through the two images by highlighting potential sources of nuclear waste. For instance, Image A shows a man holding a Name 2 yellow sign that says, “Next Fukushima is your responsibility” (Ozkan). This quote refers to the nuclear meltdown that happened in 2011. A massive tsunami hit Fukushima, Japan; one of the city’s nuclear power plants exploded, and several people died (Funabashi, 9-10). This is an example of kairos appeal, an appeal to time. According to Kendra Gayle Lee, Jessica McKee, and Megan McIntyre, “Such references are prevalent in political and social campaigns,” and demonstrate kairos rhetoric appeal (“Pathos,” 93). Greenpeace insinuates that this photograph was taken in an area with a nuclear disaster, such as the one in Fukushima. There are gravestones in the foreground with yellow and black circles symbolizing radioactive waste on them and people who have died due to nuclear accidents. It also shows that nuclear waste is buried within the ground. Image B shows a man holding a sign that says, “Stop nuclear now” (Greenpeace International is protesting against nuclear energy on a beach in Africa). Behind him is yellow and black tape that is used to enclose an area. This suggests that the entire area is contaminated with radioactive materials. Bright yellow containers marked with the black and yellow circles lie in the middle of the plot. This suggests the containers are filled with nuclear waste. Greenpeace uses pathos rhetoric, an appeal to emotion, within both these images. According to Kendra Gayle Lee, Jessica McKee, and Megan McIntyre, “When a writer uses images, songs, and other types of nontextual media, he or she is often attempting to engage a reader’s emotions. Songs and pictures produce emotional responses” (“Pathos,” 89). The symbols, such as the gravestones, are supposed to make environmentalists fear human casualties of nuclear waste. Other images, such as the barrels lying on top of the litter, make the audience fear the destruction of nuclear waste to the environment. The sign in Image B also demonstrates kairos rhetoric appeal. According to Kate Pantelides, Megan McIntyre, and Jessica McKee, “An appeal to some particular fastapproaching moment is often a rhetor’s attempt to create a perfect kairotic moment for his or her Name 3 message by creating a sense of urgency” (“Kairos,” 93). The two signs create this “sense of urgency” with their messages. Greenpeace effectively uses the bright yellow color, pathos rhetoric, and kairos rhetoric to validate its argument through these images. Furthermore, the settings of the images are another way Greenpeace successfully argues that nuclear waste should be discontinued. Image A takes place in a city. The image shows ethos, an appeal to ethic, because the Hagia Sophia is featured in the background. This timeless monument was constructed to celebrate his victory against rioting peasants. Due to its historical significance, the Hagia Sophia has authority. According to Megan McIntyre and Jessica McKee, “When a candidate gives a speech in front of an American flag, he or she is associating him- or herself with the symbol and borrowing the authority it represents” (“Ethos,” 84). Just as the American flag’s credibility is borrowed, Greenpeace borrows this Turkish symbol. Generally, places with these types of monuments are more populated, which makes people fear that a nuclear explosion could happen within their own cities. The barren soil, dead trees, and deserted setting all indicate that a disaster has already occurred. Image B takes place on the coastline and symbolizes a nuclear disaster from an environmentalist perspective. The mounds of trash imply that the nuclear waste has contaminated the land and, since the trash is near the water, the ocean. Greenpeace is trying to tell its audience that scientists do not know what to do with the waste, so the environment pays the consequence. Mounds of the waste have accumulated on the shoreline. The waves symbolize the spread of waste through the ocean to other countries around the world. All of these symbols use pathos rhetoric because they make people fear the contamination of land, harming people in the cities, and spreading to other parts of the world. Due to the differences in settings, Greenpeace is able to get its viewers to see the consequences of nuclear waste both from a human and environmental perspective. Name 4 Most importantly, Greenpeace International effectively argues nuclear energy should be stopped because it dehumanizes the men within the images. Both of the men become objects within the image and are displayed to shock the audience. The images both show men in white protective jumpsuits that cover them from their head to feet. In image A, the man is wearing a gas mask, which reveals that the air is too lethal to breathe. Image B shows a man wearing protective gloves and a mask over his mouth. There is an icon on the subject’s suit that Greenpeace created. It drew it as a yellow face screaming with its hands on its face. This indicates that the men are representing or involved with Greenpeace. All of these symbols and protective gear show the environmentalists that the area is uninhabitable for humans. The body language of the men in both of the images is very intense. This indicates that the men are both angry and wary about the presence of nuclear waste. Due to the subjects both being male, their body language, and the protective clothing, these images target men that have jobs involving physical labor. The images use pathos rhetoric because it causes the audiences to fear and hate nuclear waste. Dehumanizing people in their image is a bold way Greenpeace International points out the dangers of nuclear energy. Greenpeace International has effectively argued that nuclear energy should cease by showing images of danger and destruction. These images both highlight potential radioactive hazards by using bright yellow colors, different settings to give the viewers a more broad perspective of how nuclear waste effects the earth, and the dehumanization of people to illustrate how dangerous the lethal material really is to humans. In the future, Greenpeace International can achieve its goal: to end the use of nuclear energy. The organization is making the threats of nuclear waste better known every year. Eventually, Greenpeace may get nuclear energy outlawed. The organization helped ban dumping waste into the ocean in 1983, stopped Turkey’s Name 5 plan to build ten nuclear reactors by 2020, and still is making an impact today (“Nuclear Victories”). Word Count: 1243 Name 6 Works Cited Funabashi, Yoichi, and Kay Kitazawa. "Fukushima In Review: A Complex Disaster, A Disastrous Response." Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists 68.2 (2012): 9-21. Academic Search Premier. Web. 24 Jan. 2015. < http://thebulletin.org/2012/march/fukushimareview-complex-disaster-disastrous-response> Greenpeace International is protesting against nuclear energy on the beach in Africa. Digital image. Greenpeace. Greenpeace Africa, 2014. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. . Jarus, By Owen. "Hagia Sophia: Facts, History & Architecture." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 01 Mar. 2013. Web. 22 Jan. 2015. < http://www.livescience.com/27574-hagiasophia.html>. McIntyre, Megan, and Jessica McKee. "Ethos: Appeals to Authority and Credibility." Ed. Jason Carabelli. Rhetoric Matters: Language and Argument in Context. Ed. Brogan Sullivan. Tampa: U of South Florida, 2014. 1-253. Print. McIntyre, Megan, Kate Pantelides, Kate, and Jessica McKee. "Kairos: Appeals to Timeliness." Rhetoric Matters: Language and Argument in Context. Ed. Jason Carabelli and Brogan Sullivan. Tampa: U of South Florida, 2014. 1-253. Print. McKee, Jessica, and Megan McIntyre. "Pathos: Appeals to Emotion." Rhetoric Matters: Language and Argument in Context. By Kendra G. Lee. Ed. Jason Carabelli and Brogan Sullivan. Tampa: U of South Florida, 2014. 1-238. Print. Name 7 "No New Nukes." Greenpeace. Greenpeace, 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. . "Nuclear Victories." Greenpeace. Greenpeace, 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. . Ozkan, Caner. Activists from Greenpeace Turkey protest in front of the Hagia Sofia. 2013. Digital image. Greenpeace Blogs RSS. Greenpeace, n.d. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. . Name 8 http://greenpeaceblogs.org/2013/03/05/how-can-the-nuclear-industry-profit-from-nucleardisasters/ Image A Name 9 http://www.greenpeace.org/africa/nuclear/ Image B
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