Emergency Management: National Preparedness Goal

User Generated

trbxvz1976

Business Finance

Description

Assignment Instructions:

Read and analyze the following five PDF documents attached and provide a discussion regarding the following:

  • discuss the specific purpose of each document
  • discuss the scope of each document
  • discuss the core capabilities of each document
  • describe how each document is related in support of emergency disaster management operations

Ensure everything is completed in APA format especially citing of sources which will be the 5 attached documents. Minimum word posting should be 500 words-no max word count, just ensure all discussion topics is covered.



Unformatted Attachment Preview

Read and analyze the following five documents attached: (1) National Preparedness Goal; (2) the Whole Community Approach; (3) the National Prevention Framework; (4) the National Mitigation Framework, and (5) Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Guide. Provide a discussion regarding the following: • • • • discuss the specific purpose of each document discuss the scope of each document discuss the core capabilities of each document describe how each document is related in support of emergency disaster management operations Ensure everything is completed in APA format especially citing of sources which will be the 5 attached documents. Minimum word posting should be 500 words-no max word count, just ensure all discussion topics is covered. National Preparedness Goal Second Edition September 2015 National Preparedness Goal Ta b l e o f C o n t e n t s Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Core Capabilities ........................................................................................................... 3 Overview ...................................................................................................................................3 Risk and the Core Capabilities ...............................................................................................4 Mission Area: Prevention ........................................................................................................5 Mission Area: Protection .........................................................................................................8 Mission Area: Mitigation ......................................................................................................10 Mission Area: Response ........................................................................................................12 Mission Area: Recovery ........................................................................................................17 Conclusion and Next Steps ........................................................................................ 21 Appendix A: Terms and Definitions......................................................................... A-1 i National Preparedness Goal This page intentionally left blank. ii National Preparedness Goal Introduction Preparedness is the shared responsibility of our entire nation. The whole community contributes, beginning with individuals and communities, the private and nonprofit sectors, faith-based organizations, and all governments (local, regional/metropolitan, state, tribal1, territorial, insular area2, and Federal). This second edition of the National Preparedness Goal reflects the insights and lessons learned from four years of real world events and implementation of the National Preparedness System.3 We describe our security and resilience posture through the core capabilities (see Table 1) that are necessary to deal with the risks we face. We use an integrated, layered, and all-of-Nation approach as our foundation for building and sustaining core capabilities and preparing to deliver them effectively. The National Preparedness Goal is: A secure and resilient Nation with the capabilities required across the whole community to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from the threats and hazards that pose the greatest risk. Using the core capabilities, we achieve the National Preparedness Goal by:  Preventing, avoiding, or stopping a threatened or an actual act of terrorism.  Protecting our citizens, residents, visitors, assets, systems, and networks against the greatest threats and hazards in a manner that allows our interests, aspirations, and way of life to thrive.  Mitigating the loss of life and property by lessening the impact of future disasters.  Responding quickly to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs in the aftermath of an incident.  Recovering through a focus on the timely restoration, strengthening, and revitalization of infrastructure, housing, and the economy, as well as the health, social, cultural, historic, and environmental fabric of communities affected by an incident. The core capabilities contained in the Goal are the distinct critical elements necessary for our success. They are highly interdependent and require us to use existing preparedness networks and activities, coordinate and unify efforts, improve training and exercise programs, promote innovation, leverage and enhance our science and technology capacity, and ensure that administrative, finance, and logistics systems are in place to support these capabilities. The core capabilities serve as both preparedness tools and a means of structured implementation. All manner of incidents across the whole community have proven the usefulness of the core capabilities and the coordinating structures that sustain and deliver them. These range from 1 The Federal Government recognizes that the tribal right of self-government flows from the inherent sovereignty of American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes as nations and that federally recognized tribes have a unique and direct relationship with the Federal Government. 2 Per the Stafford Act, insular areas include Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Other statutes or departments and agencies may define the term insular area differently. 3 The National Preparedness System outlines an organized process for the whole community to move forward with its preparedness activities and achieve the National Preparedness Goal. 1 National Preparedness Goal localized and regional incidents, larger events involving both Stafford Act4 disaster and emergency declarations, and operations conducted under other authorities (e.g., response to an emerging infectious disease outbreak). Individual and community preparedness is fundamental to our National success. Providing individuals and communities with information and resources will facilitate actions to adapt to and withstand an emergency or disaster. As we have seen in tragic incidents both at home and abroad, anyone can contribute to safeguarding the Nation from harm. Our national resilience can be improved, for example, by raising awareness of the techniques that can save lives through such basic actions as stopping life-threatening bleeding. By providing the necessary knowledge and skills, we seek to enable the whole community to contribute to and benefit from national preparedness. Whole community contributors include children5; older adults; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse backgrounds; people with limited English proficiency; and owners of animals including household pets and service animals. Their needs and contributions must be integrated into our efforts. Each community contributes to the Goal by individually preparing for the risks that are most relevant and urgent for them individually. By empowering individuals and communities with knowledge and skills they can contribute to achieving the National Preparedness Goal. We continue to make progress in building and sustaining our national preparedness. The Goal builds on these achievements, but our aspirations must be even higher to match the greatest risks facing our Nation. As we prepare for these challenges, our core capabilities will evolve to meet those challenges. 4 The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act) authorizes the President to provide financial and other assistance to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, as well as Federal agencies, to support Response and Recovery efforts in the wake of emergency or major disaster declarations. 5 Children require a unique set of considerations across the core capabilities contained within this document. Their needs must be taken into consideration as part of any integrated planning effort. 2 National Preparedness Goal Core Capabilities O ve r vi ew Core capabilities are essential for the execution of each of the five mission areas: Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery (see Table 1). The core capabilities are not exclusive to any single government or organization, but rather require the combined efforts of the whole community. Table 1: Core Capabilities by Mission Area6 Prevention Protection Mitigation Response Recovery Planning Public Information and Warning Operational Coordination Intelligence and Information Sharing Community Resilience Interdiction and Disruption Long-term Vulnerability Reduction Screening, Search, and Detection Forensics and Attribution Access Control and Identity Verification Cybersecurity Physical Protective Measures Risk Management for Protection Programs and Activities Supply Chain Integrity and Security Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment Threats and Hazards Identification Infrastructure Systems Critical Transportation Economic Recovery Environmental Response/Health and Safety Health and Social Services Fatality Management Services Fire Management and Suppression Housing Natural and Cultural Resources Logistics and Supply Chain Management Mass Care Services Mass Search and Rescue Operations On-scene Security, Protection, and Law Enforcement Operational Communications Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Situational Assessment 6 Planning, Public Information and Warning, and Operational Coordination are common to all mission areas. 3 National Preparedness Goal These five mission areas serve as an aid in organizing our national preparedness activities and enabling integration and coordination across core capabilities. The mission areas are interrelated and require collaboration in order to be effective. The National Planning Frameworks and Federal Interagency Operational Plans expand on these relationships, to include how the mission areas and core capabilities are used to achieve the goal of a secure and resilient nation. Three core capabilities: Planning, Public Information and Warning, and Operational Coordination span all five mission areas. They serve to unify the mission areas and, in many ways, are necessary for the success of the remaining core capabilities. Additionally, a number of core capabilities directly involve more than one mission area and are listed in each mission area as appropriate. The core capabilities, like the risks we face, are not static. They will be vetted and refined, taking into consideration the evolving risk and, changing resource requirements. Further, there is an expectation that each of the core capabilities will leverage advances in science and technology and be improved through post-event evaluation and assessment. R i s k an d t h e Co re C ap ab i l i t i e s Understanding the greatest risks to the Nation’s security and resilience is a critical step in identifying the core capabilities. All levels of government and the whole community should assess and present risk in a similar manner to provide a common understanding of the threats and hazards confronting our Nation. The information gathered during a risk assessment also enables a prioritization of preparedness efforts and an ability to identify our capability requirements across the whole community. The Strategic National Risk Assessment indicates that a wide range of threats and hazards continue to pose a significant risk to the Nation, affirming the need for an all-hazards, capabilitybased approach to preparedness planning. Key findings include:  Natural hazards, including hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, droughts, wildfires, winter storms, and floods, present a significant and varied risk across the country. Climate change has the potential to cause the consequence of weather-related hazards to become more severe.  A virulent strain of pandemic influenza could kill hundreds of thousands of Americans, affect millions more, and result in economic loss. Additional human and animal infectious diseases, including those undiscovered, may present significant risks.  Technological and accidental hazards, such as transportation system failures, dam failures, chemical spills or releases, have the potential to cause extensive fatalities and severe economic impacts. In addition, these hazards may increase due to aging infrastructure.  Terrorist organizations or affiliates may seek to acquire, build, and use weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Conventional terrorist attacks, including those by “lone actors” employing physical threats such as explosives and armed attacks, present a continued risk to the Nation.  Cyber-attacks can have catastrophic consequences, which in turn, can lead to other hazards, such as power grid failures or financial system failures. These cascading hazards increase the potential impact of cyber incidents. Cybersecurity threats exploit the increased complexity 4 National Preparedness Goal and connectivity of critical infrastructure systems, placing the Nation’s security, economy, and public safety and health at risk.  Some incidents, such as explosives attacks or earthquakes, generally cause more localized impacts, while other incidents, such as human pandemics, may cause impacts that are dispersed throughout the Nation, thus creating different types of impacts for preparedness planners to consider. In addition to these findings, climate change has the potential to adversely impact a number of threats and hazards. Rising sea levels, increasingly powerful storms, and heavier downpours are already contributing to an increased risk of flooding. Droughts and wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe in some areas of the country. Cybersecurity poses its own unique challenges. In addition to the risk that cyber-threats pose to the nation, cybersecurity represents a core capability integral to preparedness efforts across the whole community. In order to meet the threat, preparedness planners must not only consider the unique core capability outlined in the Protection mission area, but must also consider integrating cyber preparedness throughout core capabilities in every mission area. These findings supported the update of the core capabilities. Additionally, the Response and Recovery mission areas go one step further by focusing on a set of core capabilities based on the impact of a series of cascading incidents. Such incidents would likely stress the abilities of our Nation. A developed set of planning factors, intended to mimic this cascading incident and identify the necessary core capabilities, draws upon three hazards identified by the Strategic National Risk Assessment (i.e., large-scale earthquake, major hurricane, WMD attack). The risks faced by a community can directly impact those responsible for delivering core capabilities. The whole community must maintain the ability to conduct mission essential functions during an actual hazard or incident to ensure delivery of core capabilities for all mission areas. The scope and magnitude of a catastrophic incident may result in a resource scarce environment. Because such incidents may affect an organization’s ability to provide assets, assistance, and services, continuity planning and operations are an inherent component of each core capability and the coordinating structures that provide them. Continuity operations increase resilience and the likelihood that organizations can perform essential functions and deliver core capabilities that support the mission areas. M i s si o n A r e a: P r ev en t i o n Prevention includes those capabilities necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism. Unlike other mission areas, which are all-hazards by design, Prevention core capabilities are focused specifically on imminent terrorist threats, including on-going attacks or stopping imminent follow-on attacks. In addition, preventing an imminent terrorist threat will trigger a robust counterterrorism response wherein all instruments of national power may be used to resolve threats and save lives. Prevention also includes activities such as intelligence, law enforcement, and homeland defense as examples of activities conducted to address and resolve the threat. The terrorist threat is dynamic and complex, and combating it is not the sole responsibility of a single entity or community. Ensuring the security of the homeland requires terrorism prevention through extensive collaboration with government and nongovernmental entities, international 5 National Preparedness Goal partners, and the private sector. We will foster a rapid, coordinated, all-of-Nation, effective terrorism prevention effort that reflects the full range of capabilities critical to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism in the homeland. The Prevention mission area relies on ongoing support activities from across all mission areas that prepare the whole community to execute the core capabilities for preventing an imminent terrorist threat. These activities include information sharing efforts that directly support local communities in preventing terrorism and other activities that are precursors or indicators of terrorist activity and violent extremism. Table 2 defines and details the Prevention core capabilities and the preliminary targets associated with each. Table 2: Prevention Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Prevention Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives. 1. Identify critical objectives during the planning process, provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the objectives, and ensure the objectives are implementable within the time frame contemplated within the plan using available resources for prevention-related plans. 2. Develop and execute appropriate courses of action in coordination with local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and private sector entities in order to prevent an imminent terrorist attack within the United States. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard, as well as the actions being taken and the assistance being made available, as appropriate. 1. Share prompt and actionable messages, to include National Terrorism Advisory System alerts, with the public and other stakeholders, as appropriate, to aid in the prevention of imminent or follow-on terrorist attacks, consistent with the timelines specified by existing processes and protocols. 2. Provide public awareness information to inform the general public on how to identify and provide terrorism-related information to the appropriate law enforcement authorities, thereby enabling the public to act as a force multiplier in the prevention of imminent or follow-on acts of terrorism. Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of core capabilities. 1. Execute operations with functional and integrated communications among appropriate entities to prevent initial or follow-on terrorist attacks within the United States in accordance with established protocols. 6 National Preparedness Goal Prevention Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Forensics and Attribution Conduct forensic analysis and attribute terrorist acts (including the means and methods of terrorism) to their source, to include forensic analysis as well as attribution for an attack and for the preparation for an attack in an effort to prevent initial or follow-on acts and/or swiftly develop counter-options. 1. Prioritize physical evidence collection and analysis to assist in preventing initial or follow-on terrorist acts. 2. Prioritize chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) material (bulk and trace) collection and analysis to assist in preventing initial or follow-on terrorist acts. 3. Prioritize biometric collection and analysis to assist in preventing initial or follow-on terrorist acts. 4. Prioritize digital media, network exploitation, and cyber technical analysis to assist in preventing initial or follow-on terrorist acts. Intelligence and Information Sharing Provide timely, accurate, and actionable information resulting from the planning, direction, collection, exploitation, processing, analysis, production, dissemination, evaluation, and feedback of available information concerning physical and cyber threats to the United States, its people, property, or interests; the development, proliferation, or use of WMDs; or any other matter bearing on U.S. national or homeland security by local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and other stakeholders. Information sharing is the ability to exchange intelligence, information, data, or knowledge among government or private sector entities, as appropriate. 1. Anticipate and identify emerging and/or imminent threats through the intelligence cycle. 2. Share relevant, timely, and actionable information and analysis with local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, private sector, and international partners and develop and disseminate appropriate classified/unclassified products. 3. Ensure local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and private sector partners possess or have access to a mechanism to submit terrorism-related information and/or suspicious activity reports to law enforcement. Interdiction and Disruption Delay, divert, intercept, halt, apprehend, or secure threats and/or hazards. 1. Maximize our ability to interdict specific conveyances, cargo, and persons associated with an imminent terrorist threat or act in the land, air, and maritime domains to prevent entry into the United States or to prevent an incident from occurring in the Nation. 2. Conduct operations to render safe and dispose of CBRNE hazards in multiple locations and in all environments, consistent with established protocols. 3. Prevent terrorism financial/material support from reaching its target, consistent with established protocols. 4. Prevent terrorist acquisition of and the transfer of CBRNE materials, precursors, and related technology, consistent with established protocols. 5. Conduct tactical counterterrorism operations in multiple locations and in all environments, consistent with established protocols. 7 National Preparedness Goal Prevention Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Screening, Search, and Detection Identify, discover, or locate threats and/or hazards through active and passive surveillance and search procedures. This may include the use of systematic examinations and assessments, biosurveillance, sensor technologies, or physical investigation and intelligence. 1. Maximize the screening of targeted cargo, conveyances, mail, baggage, and people associated with an imminent terrorist threat or act using technical, non-technical, intrusive, or non-intrusive means. 2. Initiate operations immediately to locate persons and networks associated with an imminent terrorist threat or act. 3. Conduct CBRNE search/detection operations in multiple locations and in all environments, consistent with established protocols. M i s si o n A r e a: P ro t e ct i o n Protection includes the capabilities to safeguard the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. It focuses on actions to protect our people, our vital interests, and our way of life. Protection core capabilities are the product of diverse activities. These activities include defense against WMD threats; defense of agriculture and food; critical infrastructure protection7; protection of key leadership and events; border security; maritime security; transportation security; immigration security; and cybersecurity. Table 3 defines and details the Protection core capabilities and the preliminary targets associated with each. Table 3: Protection Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Protection Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community, as appropriate, in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives. 1. Develop protection plans that identify critical objectives based on planning requirements, provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the planning objectives, and implement planning requirements within the time frame contemplated within the plan using available resources for protection-related plans. 2. Implement, exercise, and maintain plans to ensure continuity of operations. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken and the assistance being made available. 1. Use effective and accessible indication and warning systems to communicate significant hazards to involved operators, security officials, and the public (including alerts, detection capabilities, and other necessary and appropriate assets). 7 8 See Critical Infrastructure in Appendix A for a full explanation. National Preparedness Goal Protection Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of core capabilities. 1. Establish and maintain partnership structures among Protection elements to support networking, planning, and coordination. Access Control and Identity Verification Apply and support necessary physical, technological, and cyber measures to control admittance to critical locations and systems. 1. Implement and maintain protocols to verify identity and authorize, grant, or deny physical and cyber access to specific locations, information, and networks. Cybersecurity Protect (and, if needed, restore) electronic communications systems, information, and services from damage, unauthorized use, and exploitation. 1. Implement risk-informed guidelines, regulations, and standards to ensure the security, reliability, integrity, and availability of critical information, records, and communications systems and services through collaborative cybersecurity initiatives and efforts. 2. Implement and maintain procedures to detect malicious activity and to conduct technical and investigative-based countermeasures, mitigations, and operations against malicious actors to counter existing and emerging cyber-based threats, consistent with established protocols. Intelligence and Information Sharing Provide timely, accurate, and actionable information resulting from the planning, direction, collection, exploitation, processing, analysis, production, dissemination, evaluation, and feedback of available information concerning threats to the United States, its people, property, or interests; the development, proliferation, or use of WMDs; or any other matter bearing on U.S. national or homeland security by local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and other stakeholders. Information sharing is the ability to exchange intelligence, information, data, or knowledge among government or private sector entities, as appropriate. 1. Anticipate and identify emerging and/or imminent threats through the intelligence cycle. 2. Share relevant, timely, and actionable information and analysis with local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, private sector, and international partners and develop and disseminate appropriate classified/unclassified products. 3. Provide local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and private sector partners with or access to a mechanism to submit terrorism-related information and/or suspicious activity reports to law enforcement. Interdiction and Disruption Delay, divert, intercept, halt, apprehend, or secure threats and/or hazards. 1. Deter, detect, interdict, and protect against domestic and transnational criminal and terrorist activities that threaten the security of the homeland across key operational activities and critical infrastructure sectors. 2. Intercept the malicious movement and acquisition/transfer of CBRNE materials and related technologies. 9 National Preparedness Goal Protection Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Physical Protective Measures Implement and maintain risk-informed countermeasures, and policies protecting people, borders, structures, materials, products, and systems associated with key operational activities and critical infrastructure sectors. 1. Identify, assess, and mitigate vulnerabilities to incidents through the deployment of physical protective measures. 2. Deploy protective measures commensurate with the risk of an incident and balanced with the complementary aims of enabling commerce and maintaining the civil rights of citizens. Risk Management for Identify, assess, and prioritize risks to inform Protection activities, Protection Programs countermeasures, and investments. and Activities 1. Ensure critical infrastructure sectors and Protection elements have and maintain risk assessment processes to identify and prioritize assets, systems, networks, and functions. 2. Ensure operational activities and critical infrastructure sectors have and maintain appropriate threat, vulnerability, and consequence tools to identify and assess threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences. Screening, Search, and Detection Identify, discover, or locate threats and/or hazards through active and passive surveillance and search procedures. This may include the use of systematic examinations and assessments, biosurveillance, sensor technologies, or physical investigation and intelligence. 1. Screen cargo, conveyances, mail, baggage, and people using information-based and physical screening technology and processes. 2. Detect WMD, traditional, and emerging threats and hazards of concern using: a. A laboratory diagnostic capability and the capacity for food, agricultural (plant/animal), environmental, medical products, and clinical samples b. Bio-surveillance systems c. CBRNE detection systems d. Trained healthcare, emergency medical, veterinary, and environmental laboratory professionals. Supply Chain Strengthen the security and resilience of the supply chain. Integrity and Security 1. Secure and make resilient key nodes, methods of transport between nodes, and materials in transit. M i s si o n A r e a: M i t i g at i o n Mitigation includes those capabilities necessary to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. It is focused on the premise that individuals, the private and nonprofit sectors, communities, critical infrastructure, and the Nation as a whole are made more resilient when the consequences and impacts, the duration, and the financial and human costs to respond to and recover from adverse incidents are all reduced. Given the trend of increasing impacts from extreme events and catastrophic incidents, hazard mitigation stands as a critical linchpin to reduce or eliminate the long-term risks to life, property, 10 National Preparedness Goal and well-being. Spanning across community planning, housing, information systems, critical infrastructure, public health, healthcare, and future land use, Mitigation requires an understanding of the threats and hazards that, in turn, feed into the assessment of risk and disaster resilience in the community both now and in the future. The whole community, therefore, has a role in risk reduction, by recognizing, understanding, communicating, and planning for a community’s future resilience. Mitigation links the long-term activities of the whole community to reduce or eliminate the risk of threats and hazards developing into disasters and the impacts of the disasters that occur. Although Mitigation is the responsibility of the whole community, a great deal of mitigation activity occurs at the local level. Individual and community preparedness is fundamental to our success, as preparedness activities contribute to strengthening resilience and mitigate the impact of disasters through adaptability and capacity for rapid recovery. The assessment of risk and resilience must therefore begin at the community level and serve to inform our state, regional, and national planning. For risk information to result in specific risk reduction actions, leaders— whether elected in a jurisdiction, appointed in a given department, a nongovernmental director, a sector official, or in business or community—must have the ability to recognize, understand, communicate, and plan for a community’s future resilience. The establishment of trusted relationships among leaders in a community prior to a disaster can greatly reduce the risks to life, property, the natural environment, and well-being. When these leaders are prepared, the whole community matures and becomes better prepared to reduce the risks over the long-term. Table 4 defines and details the Mitigation core capabilities and the preliminary targets associated with each. Table 4: Mitigation Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Mitigation Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives. 1. Develop approved hazard mitigation plans that address relevant threats/hazards in accordance with the results of their risk assessment within all local, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal partners. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken and the assistance being made available. 1. Communicate appropriate information, in an accessible manner, on the risks faced within a community after the conduct of a risk assessment. Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of core capabilities. 1. Establish protocols to integrate mitigation data elements in support of operations with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area partners and in coordination with Federal agencies. 11 National Preparedness Goal Mitigation Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Community Resilience Enable the recognition, understanding, communication of, and planning for risk and empower individuals and communities to make informed risk management decisions necessary to adapt to, withstand, and quickly recover from future incidents. 1. Maximize the coverage of the U.S. population that has a localized, risk-informed mitigation plan developed through partnerships across the entire community. 2. Empower individuals and communities to make informed decisions to facilitate actions necessary to adapt to, withstand, and quickly recover from future incidents. Long-term Vulnerability Reduction Build and sustain resilient systems, communities, and critical infrastructure and key resources lifelines so as to reduce their vulnerability to natural, technological, and human-caused threats and hazards by lessening the likelihood, severity, and duration of the adverse consequences. 1. Achieve a measurable decrease in the long-term vulnerability of the Nation against current baselines amid a growing population base, changing climate conditions, increasing reliance upon information technology, and expanding infrastructure base. Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment Assess risk and disaster resilience so that decision makers, responders, and community members can take informed action to reduce their entity’s risk and increase their resilience. 1. Ensure that local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments and the top 100 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) complete a risk assessment that defines localized vulnerabilities and consequences associated with potential natural, technological, and human-caused threats and hazards to their natural, human, physical, cyber, and socioeconomic interests. Threats and Hazards Identification Identify the threats and hazards that occur in the geographic area; determine the frequency and magnitude; and incorporate this into analysis and planning processes so as to clearly understand the needs of a community or entity. 1. Identify the threats and hazards within and across local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, and the top 100 MSAs, in collaboration with the whole community, against a national standard based on sound science. M i s si o n A r e a: Res p o n s e Response includes those capabilities necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. It is focused on ensuring that the Nation is able to effectively respond to any threat or hazard, including those with cascading effects. Response emphasizes saving and sustaining lives, stabilizing the incident, rapidly meeting basic human needs, restoring basic services and technologies, restoring community functionality, providing universal accessibility, establishing a safe and secure environment, and supporting the transition to recovery. Communities regularly deal with emergencies and disasters that have fewer impacts than those considered to be the greatest risk to the Nation. In addition, communities may have resident capacities to deal with the public’s needs locally for many of these lesser incidents. Catastrophic 12 National Preparedness Goal incidents require a much broader set of atypical partners to deliver equal access to the Response core capabilities other than those routinely addressed. Community involvement is a vital link to providing additional support to response personnel and may often be the primary source of manpower in the first hours and days after an incident. Because of this, community members should be encouraged to train, exercise, and partner with emergency management officials. A catastrophic incident with cascading events may impact the execution of applicable laws and policies. Certain circumstances may trigger legal and policy exceptions that better aid delivery of core capabilities. Planners should identify applicable laws and policies with their respective counsel in the pre-planning phase.8 These challenges should be identified during pre-incident planning to ensure they are accounted for during an incident. Table 5 defines and details the Response core capabilities and the preliminary targets associated with each. Table 5: Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives. 1. Develop operational plans that adequately identify critical objectives based on the planning requirement, provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the objectives, and are implementable within the time frame contemplated in the plan using available resources. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken and the assistance being made available. 1. Inform all affected segments of society by all means necessary, including accessible tools, of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions. 2. Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery. 8 Given the scope and magnitude of a catastrophic incident, waivers, exceptions, and exemptions to policy, regulations, and laws may be available in order to save and sustain life, and to protect property and the environment. However, any such waivers, exceptions, and exemptions must be consistent with laws that preserve human and civil rights and protect individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs. 13 National Preparedness Goal Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of core capabilities. 1. Mobilize all critical resources and establish command, control, and coordination structures within the affected community and other coordinating bodies in surrounding communities and across the Nation and maintain as needed throughout the duration of an incident. 2. Enhance and maintain command, control, and coordination structures, consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS), to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery. Critical Transportation Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals, and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas. 1. Establish physical access through appropriate transportation corridors and deliver required resources to save lives and to meet the needs of disaster survivors. 2. Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality. 3. Clear debris from any route type, (i.e., road, rail, airfield, port facility, waterway) to facilitate response operations. Environmental Conduct appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the health and safety Response/Health and of the public and workers, as well as the environment, from all-hazards in support Safety of responder operations and the affected communities. 1. Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers. 2. Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of the hazards and implementation of public protective actions. 3. Detect, assess, stabilize, and clean up releases of oil and hazardous materials into the environment, including buildings/structures, and properly manage waste. 4. Identify, evaluate, and implement measures to prevent and minimize impacts to the environment, natural and cultural resources, and historic properties from all-hazard emergencies and response operations. Fatality Management Services Provide fatality management services, including decedent remains recovery and victim identification, working with local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and Federal authorities to provide mortuary processes, temporary storage or permanent internment solutions, sharing information with mass care services for the purpose of reunifying family members and caregivers with missing persons/remains, and providing counseling to the bereaved. 1. Establish and maintain operations to recover a significant number of fatalities over a geographically dispersed area. 14 National Preparedness Goal Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Fire Management and Suppression Provide structural, wildland, and specialized firefighting capabilities to manage and suppress fires of all types, kinds, and complexities while protecting the lives, property, and the environment in the affected area. 1. Provide traditional first response or initial attack firefighting services. 2. Conduct expanded or extended attack firefighting and support operations through coordinated response of fire management and specialized fire suppression resources. 3. Ensure the coordinated deployment of appropriate local, regional, national, and international fire management and fire suppression resources to reinforce firefighting efforts and maintain an appropriate level of protection for subsequent fires. Infrastructure Systems Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community. 1. Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population, to include survivors in the heavily-damaged zone, nearby communities that may be affected by cascading effects, and mass care support facilities and evacuation processing centers with a focus on life-sustainment and congregate care services. 2. Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery. 3. Provide for the clearance, removal, and disposal of debris. 4. Formalize partnerships with governmental and private sector cyber incident or emergency response teams to accept, triage, and collaboratively respond to cascading impacts in an efficient manner. Deliver essential commodities, equipment, and services in support of impacted Logistics and Supply communities and survivors, to include emergency power and fuel support, as Chain Management9 well as the coordination of access to community staples. Synchronize logistics capabilities and enable the restoration of impacted supply chains. 1. Mobilize and deliver governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector resources to save lives, sustain lives, meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery, to include moving and delivering resources and services to meet the needs of disaster survivors. 2. Enhance public and private resource and services support for an affected area. Mass Care Services Provide life-sustaining and human services to the affected population, to include hydration, feeding, sheltering, temporary housing, evacuee support, reunification, and distribution of emergency supplies. 1. Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs. 2. Establish, staff, and equip emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population. 3. Move from congregate care to non-congregate care alternatives and provide relocation assistance or interim housing solutions for families unable to return to their pre-disaster homes. 9 This replaces the previous “Public and Private Services and Resources” core capability. 15 National Preparedness Goal Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Mass Search and Rescue Operations Deliver traditional and atypical search and rescue capabilities, including personnel, services, animals, and assets to survivors in need, with the goal of saving the greatest number of endangered lives in the shortest time possible. 1. Conduct search and rescue operations to locate and rescue persons in distress. 2. Initiate community-based search and rescue support operations across a wide geographically dispersed area. 3. Ensure the synchronized deployment of local, regional, national, and international teams to reinforce ongoing search and rescue efforts and transition to recovery. On-scene Security, Protection, and Law Enforcement Ensure a safe and secure environment through law enforcement and related security and protection operations for people and communities located within affected areas and also for response personnel engaged in lifesaving and lifesustaining operations. 1. Establish a safe and secure environment in an affected area. 2. Provide and maintain on-scene security and meet the protection needs of the affected population over a geographically dispersed area while eliminating or mitigating the risk of further damage to persons, property, and the environment. Operational Communications Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, situational awareness, and operations by any and all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area and all response forces. 1. Ensure the capacity to communicate with both the emergency response community and the affected populations and establish interoperable voice and data communications between Federal, tribal, state, and local first responders. 2. Re-establish sufficient communications infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing lifesustaining activities, provide basic human needs, and transition to recovery. 3. Re-establish critical information networks, including cybersecurity information sharing networks, in order to inform situational awareness, enable incident response, and support the resiliency of key systems. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Emergency Medical Services and related operations and avoid additional disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support, and products to all affected populations. 1. Deliver medical countermeasures to exposed populations. 2. Complete triage and initial stabilization of casualties and begin definitive care for those likely to survive their injuries and illness. 3. Return medical surge resources to pre-incident levels, complete health assessments, and identify recovery processes. 16 National Preparedness Goal Response Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Situational Assessment Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response. 1. Deliver information sufficient to inform decision making regarding immediate lifesaving and lifesustaining activities and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs and stabilize the incident. 2. Deliver enhanced information to reinforce ongoing lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery. M i s si o n A r e a: Rec o v e r y Recovery includes those capabilities necessary to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively. Support for recovery ensures a continuum of care for individuals to maintain and restore health, safety, independence and livelihoods, especially those who experience financial, emotional, and physical hardships. Successful recovery ensures that we emerge from any threat or hazard stronger and positioned to meet the needs of the future. Recovery capabilities support well-coordinated, transparent, and timely restoration, strengthening, and revitalization of infrastructure and housing; an economic base; health and social systems; and a revitalized cultural, historic, and environmental fabric. The ability of a community to accelerate the recovery process begins with its efforts in preincident preparedness: increasing resilience; collaborative, inclusive planning; and developing capacity to manage disaster recovery effectively. Developing and maintaining Recovery core capabilities requires a multi-agency, interdisciplinary approach that engages the whole community, including a wide range of service and resource providers and stakeholders. Whole community and government leaders have primary responsibility for planning and coordinating all aspects of their recovery and ensuring that organizations and individuals that play a key role in recovery are included and actively engaged. Following an incident, a wellcoordinated management process allows recovery and community leaders to maintain open and transparent communication, share decision making, expand and engage traditional and nontraditional partners, identify needs and priorities more effectively, reallocate and share existing resources, and identify other potential resources and expertise from both inside and outside the community. Following any incident, recovery efforts are an opportunity to leverage solutions that increase overall community resilience and capitalize on existing strengths, while addressing weaknesses that may have existed pre-incident. Lessons learned from the post-incident environment on establishing leadership, a coordinating structure, and developing whole community partnerships can help influence pre-incident planning and build capability for future incidents. Table 6 defines and details the Recovery core capabilities and the preliminary targets associated with each. 17 National Preparedness Goal Table 6: Recovery Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Recovery Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical- level approaches to meet defined objectives. 1. Convene the core of an inclusive planning team (identified pre-disaster), which will oversee disaster recovery planning. 2. Complete an initial recovery plan that provides an overall strategy and timeline, addresses all core capabilities, and integrates socioeconomic, demographic, accessibility, technology, and risk assessment considerations (including projected climate change impacts), which will be implemented in accordance with the timeline contained in the plan. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken and the assistance being made available. 1. Reach all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery-related public information messaging and communications that are accessible to people with disabilities and people with limited English proficiency, protect the health and safety of the affected population, help manage expectations, and ensure stakeholders have a clear understanding of available assistance and their roles and responsibilities. 2. Support affected populations and stakeholders with a system that provides appropriate, current information about any continued assistance, steady state resources for long-term impacts, and monitoring programs in an effective and accessible manner. Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of core capabilities. 1. Establish tiered, integrated leadership, and inclusive coordinating organizations that operate with a unity of effort and are supported by sufficient assessment and analysis to provide defined structure and decision-making processes for recovery activities. 2. Define the path and timeline for recovery leadership to achieve the jurisdiction’s objectives that effectively coordinates and uses appropriate local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and Federal assistance, as well as nongovernmental and private sector resources. This plan is to be implemented within the established timeline. Economic Recovery Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community. 1. Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to fostering stabilization of the affected communities. 2. Ensure the community recovery and mitigation plan(s) incorporates economic revitalization and removes governmental inhibitors to post-disaster economic sustainability, while maintaining the civil rights of citizens. 3. Return affected area’s economy within the specified time frame in the recovery plan. 18 National Preparedness Goal Recovery Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Health and Social Services Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community. 1. Identify affected populations, groups and key partners in short-term, intermediate, and long-term recovery. 2. Complete an assessment of community health and social service needs, and prioritize these needs, including accessibility requirements, based on the whole community's input and participation in the recovery planning process, and develop a comprehensive recovery timeline. 3. Restore health care (including behavioral health), public health, and social services functions. 4. Restore and improve the resilience and sustainability of the health care system and social service capabilities and networks to promote the independence and well-being of community members in accordance with the specified recovery timeline. Housing Implement housing solutions that effectively support the needs of the whole community and contribute to its sustainability and resilience. 1. Assess preliminary housing impacts and needs, identify currently available options for temporary housing, and plan for permanent housing. 2. Ensure community housing recovery plans continue to address interim housing needs, assess options for permanent housing, and define a timeline for achieving a resilient, accessible, and sustainable housing market. 3. Establish a resilient and sustainable housing market that meets the needs of the community, including the need for accessible housing within the specified time frame in the recovery plan. Infrastructure Systems Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community. 1. Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality. 2. Develop a plan with a specified timeline for redeveloping community infrastructures to contribute to resiliency, accessibility, and sustainability. 3. Provide systems that meet the community needs while minimizing service disruption during restoration within the specified timeline in the recovery plan. 19 National Preparedness Goal Recovery Mission Area Core Capabilities and Preliminary Targets Natural and Cultural Resources Protect natural and cultural resources and historic properties through appropriate planning, mitigation, response, and recovery actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, and restore them consistent with post-disaster community priorities and best practices and in compliance with applicable environmental and historic preservation laws and executive orders. 1. Implement measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures. 2. Mitigate the impacts to and stabilize the natural and cultural resources and conduct a preliminary assessment of the impacts that identifies protections that need to be in place during stabilization through recovery. 3. Complete an assessment of affected natural and cultural resources and develop a timeline for addressing these impacts in a sustainable and resilient manner. 4. Preserve natural and cultural resources as part of an overall community recovery that is achieved through the coordinated efforts of natural and cultural resource experts and the recovery team in accordance with the specified timeline in the recovery plan. 20 National Preparedness Goal Conclusion and Next Steps The Goal is designed to prepare our Nation for the risks that will severely stress our collective capabilities and resources. Each community contributes to the Goal by assessing and preparing for the risks that are most relevant and urgent for them individually, which in turn strengthens our collective security and resilience as a Nation. National preparedness is strengthened through collaboration and cooperation with international partners, including working closely with Canada and Mexico, with whom we share common borders. The National Preparedness Goal is the cornerstone of implementing the National Preparedness System. Several National Preparedness System components contribute to building, sustaining, and delivering the core capabilities described in the National Preparedness Goal. These include:  A National Planning System, which supports the integration of planning across all levels of government and the whole community to provide an agile, flexible, and accessible delivery of the core capabilities.  A series of National Frameworks and Federal Interagency Operational Plans. The National Frameworks address the roles and responsibilities across the whole community to deliver the core capabilities. The Federal Interagency Operational Plans address the critical tasks, responsibilities, and resourcing, personnel, and sourcing requirements for the core capabilities.  A National Preparedness Report, which provides a summary of the progress being made toward building, sustaining, and delivering the core capabilities described in the Goal. The annual National Preparedness Report provides an opportunity to measure the advancement the whole community has made in preparedness and to identify where challenges remain.  A Campaign to Build and Sustain Preparedness, which provides an integrating structure for new and existing community-based, nonprofit, and private sector preparedness programs, research and development activities to include post-event evaluation of the use of science and technology tools, and preparedness assistance. The results of these efforts inform current and future budget planning and decisions. Analysis of current performance against intended capabilities and associated performance measures can enable the whole community to individually and collectively determine necessary resource levels, inform resource allocation plans, and guide Federal preparedness assistance. This detailed information can augment assessments of budget implications across the preparedness enterprise. This approach allows for annual adjustments based on updated priorities and resource posture. This National Preparedness Goal is a living document; regular reviews of the Goal will ensure consistency with existing and new policies, evolving conditions, and the National Incident Management System. These periodic reviews of the National Preparedness Goal will evaluate the Nation’s progress toward building, sustaining, and delivering the core capabilities that are essential to a secure and resilient Nation. 21 National Preparedness Goal This page intentionally left blank. 22 National Preparedness Goal A p p e n d i x A : Te r m s a n d D e f i n i t i o n s Access and Functional Needs: Persons who may have additional needs before, during and after an incident in functional areas, including but not limited to: maintaining health, independence, communication, transportation, support, services, self-determination, and medical care. Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include those who have disabilities; live in institutionalized settings; are older adults; are children; are from diverse cultures; have limited English proficiency or are non-English speaking; or are transportation disadvantaged. All-of-Nation: See Whole Community. All Hazard: A threat or an incident, natural or manmade, that warrants action to protect life, property, the environment, and public health or safety, and to minimize disruptions of government, social, or economic activities. It includes natural disasters, cyber incidents, industrial accidents, pandemics, acts of terrorism, sabotage, and destructive criminal activity targeting critical infrastructure. This also includes the effects climate change has on the threats and hazards. Animal: Animals include household pets, service and assistance animals, working dogs, livestock, wildlife, exotic animals, zoo animals, research animals, and animals housed in shelters, rescue organizations, breeding facilities, and sanctuaries. Community: Unified groups that share goals, values, or purposes; they may exist within geographic boundaries or unite geographically dispersed individuals. Communities bring people together in different ways for different reasons, but each provides opportunities for sharing information and promoting collective action. Coordinating Structures: Groups composed of representatives from multiple departments or agencies, public and/or private sector organizations, or a combination of these for the purpose of facilitating the preparedness and delivery of capabilities. They share information and provide guidance, support, and integration to aid in the preparedness of the whole community and building resilience at the local, regional, and national levels. Core Capabilities: Distinct critical elements necessary to achieve the National Preparedness Goal. Critical Infrastructure: Systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those matters. The Nation’s critical infrastructure is composed of 16 sectors: chemical; commercial facilities; communications; critical manufacturing; dams; defense industrial base; emergency services; energy; financial services; food and agriculture; government facilities; healthcare and public health; information technology; nuclear reactors, material, and waste; transportation systems; and water and wastewater systems. Cultural Resources: Aspects of a cultural system that are valued by or significantly representative of a culture or that contain significant information about a culture. Cybersecurity: The process of protecting information by preventing, detecting, and responding to attacks. A-1 National Preparedness Goal Disability: A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities of such individual; a record of such an impairment; or being regarded as having such an impairment. This does not apply to impairments that are transitory and minor. A transitory impairment is an impairment with an actual or expected duration of six months or less. Imminent Threat: Intelligence or operational information that warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat or ongoing attack against the United States. Intelligence Cycle: The process of developing raw information into finished intelligence for policymakers, military commanders, law enforcement partners, and other consumers to use in making decisions. The cycle is highly dynamic and continuous. For the purposes of the National Prevention Framework, there are six steps in the intelligence cycle: planning and direction (establish the intelligence requirements of the consumer); collection (gather the raw data required to produce the desired finished product); processing and exploitation (convert the raw data into comprehensible form that is usable for producing the finished product); analysis and production (integrate, evaluate, analyze, and prepare the processed information for inclusion in the finished product); dissemination (deliver the finished product to the consumer who requested it and to others as applicable); and evaluation and feedback (acquire continual feedback during the cycle that aids in refining each individual stage and the cycle as a whole). Mission Areas: Groups of core capabilities, including Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery. Mitigation: The capabilities necessary to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. National Health Security: The Nation and its people are prepared for, protected from, and resilient in the face of health threats or hazards with potentially negative health consequences. National Preparedness: The actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train, and exercise to build and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from those threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation. Prevention: The capabilities necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism. For the purposes of the prevention framework, the term “prevention” refers to preventing imminent threats. Protection: The capabilities necessary to secure the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Recovery: The capabilities necessary to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively. Resilience: The ability to adapt to changing conditions and withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies. Response: The capabilities necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Risk Assessment: A product or process that collects information and assigns a value to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making. Security: The protection of the Nation and its people, vital interests, and way of life. A-2 National Preparedness Goal Stabilization: The process by which the immediate impacts of an incident on community systems are managed and contained. Steady State: A condition where operations and procedures are normal and ongoing. Communities are considered to be at a steady state prior to disasters and after recovery is complete. Terrorism: Any activity that involves an act that is dangerous to human life or potentially destructive of critical infrastructure or key resources and is a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any state or other subdivision of the United States; and, appears to be intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population, or to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion, or to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping. (Note that although the definition of terrorism includes both domestic and international acts of terrorism, the scope of the planning system is the prevention and protection against acts of terrorism in the homeland.) Weapons of Mass Destruction: Materials, weapons, or devices that are intended or capable of causing death or serious bodily injury to a significant number of people through release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals or precursors, a disease organism, or radiation or radioactivity, to include, but not limited to, biological devices, chemical devices, improvised nuclear devices, radiological dispersion devices, and radiological exposure devices. Whole Community: A focus on enabling the participation in national preparedness activities of a wider range of players from the private and nonprofit sectors, including nongovernmental organizations and the general public, in conjunction with the participation of all levels of government in order to foster better coordination and working relationships. Used interchangeably with “all-of-Nation.” A-3 National Prevention Framework 1 I&A National Prevention Framework Second Edition June 2016 National Prevention Framework Executive Summary The National Prevention Framework describes what the whole community—from community members to senior leaders in government—should do upon the discovery of an imminent threat to the homeland. An imminent threat is intelligence or operational information that warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat or ongoing attack against the United States. This Framework helps achieve the National Preparedness Goal of a secure and resilient Nation that is optimally prepared to prevent an imminent terrorist attack within the United States. 1 The processes and policies described in this document will be conducted in accordance with existing laws and regulations. This Framework provides guidance to individuals and communities, the private and nonprofit sectors, faith-based organizations, and all levels of government (local, regional/metropolitan, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal) to prevent, avoid, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism by  Describing the core capabilities needed to prevent an imminent act of terrorism;  Aligning key roles and responsibilities to deliver Prevention capabilities in time-sensitive situations;  Describing coordinating structures that enable all stakeholders to work together; and  Laying the foundation for further operational coordination and planning that will synchronize Prevention efforts within the whole community and across the Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery mission areas. This Framework applies only to those capabilities, plans, and operations necessary to ensure the Nation is prepared to prevent an imminent act of terrorism against the United States and does not capture the full spectrum of the Nation’s efforts to counter terrorism. The seven Prevention core capabilities are planning; public information and warning; operational coordination; forensics and attribution; intelligence and information sharing; interdiction and disruption; and screening, search, and detection. This Framework sets out three principles that guide the development and execution of the core capabilities for Prevention: engaged partnerships; scalability, flexibility, and adaptability; and readiness to act. A well-established capability to quickly collect, analyze, and further disseminate intelligence becomes critical in an imminent threat situation. To accomplish this, law enforcement, intelligence, homeland security professionals, and other members of the whole community must form engaged partnerships. These partnerships allow for the seamless acquisition and passage of information. In addition to Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) and Field Intelligence Groups (FIG), as well as state and major urban area fusion centers, a variety of analytical and investigative efforts support the ability to identify and counter terrorist threats by executing these prevention support activities. These efforts include other local, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal law enforcement agencies, and various intelligence centers and related efforts such as High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas, Regional Information Sharing Systems Centers, criminal intelligence units, real-time crime analysis centers, and others. Coordinating structures facilitate problem solving, improve access to resources, and foster coordination and information sharing. Departments or agencies, as well as private and nonprofit entities, with unique missions in Prevention bring additional capabilities to bear through these structures. National-level structures include the Department of Homeland Security National 1 This Framework should be read in conjunction with relevant Presidential Policy Directives. i National Prevention Framework Operations Center (NOC), the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center (NCCIC), the FBI Strategic Information and Operations Center (SIOC), the Office of the Director of National Intelligence National Counterterrorism Center, the Department of Defense National Military Command Center, the FBI National Joint Terrorism Task Force (NJTTF), the National Cyber Investigative Joint Task Force (NCIJTF), and others. Field coordinating structures include the FBI JTTFs and FIGs; state and major urban area fusion centers; and state and local counterterrorism and intelligence units. These coordinating structures are scalable, flexible, and adaptable. The responsibility for prevention is shared, from the individual and the community to local jurisdictions; state, tribal, and territorial governments; and the Federal Government. Initiatives based on Prevention mission activities and core capabilities help guide communities to create conditions for a safer, more secure, and more resilient Nation by enhancing prevention through operational coordination and information sharing. The environment in which the Nation operates grows ever more complex and unpredictable. In implementing the National Prevention Framework to build a culture of preparedness, partners are encouraged to develop a shared understanding of broad-level strategic implications as they make critical decisions in building future capacity and capability. The whole community should be engaged in examining and implementing the strategy and doctrine contained in this Framework, considering both current and future requirements in the process. ii National Prevention Framework Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ I INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 1 Framework Purpose and Organization .............................................................................................. 1 Intended Audience ................................................................................................................................ 2 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Guiding Principles ................................................................................................................................ 4 Risk Basis .............................................................................................................................................. 4 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................................................... 5 Individuals, Families, and Households ............................................................................................... 5 Communities ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Nongovernmental Organizations ........................................................................................................ 5 Private Sector Entities.......................................................................................................................... 5 Local Governments .............................................................................................................................. 5 State and Territorial Governments .................................................................................................... 6 Tribal Governments ............................................................................................................................. 6 Federal Government ............................................................................................................................ 6 CORE CAPABILITIES ............................................................................................................................. 9 Intelligence and Information Sharing .............................................................................................. 10 Screening, Search, and Detection ...................................................................................................... 12 Interdiction and Disruption ............................................................................................................... 13 Forensics and Attribution .................................................................................................................. 14 Planning............................................................................................................................................... 14 Public Information and Warning...................................................................................................... 15 Operational Coordination.................................................................................................................. 16 COORDINATING STRUCTURES AND INTEGRATION ................................................................. 17 Local and Regional Coordinating Structures .................................................................................. 18 State Coordinating Structures........................................................................................................... 19 Federal Coordinating Structures ...................................................................................................... 20 Integration........................................................................................................................................... 22 RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER MISSION AREAS ............................................................................... 23 Protection Mission Area..................................................................................................................... 23 Mitigation Mission Area .................................................................................................................... 23 Response and Recovery Mission Areas ............................................................................................ 24 iii National Prevention Framework OPERATIONAL PLANNING................................................................................................................. 24 Prevention Operational Planning ..................................................................................................... 24 Planning Assumptions ........................................................................................................................ 25 Framework Application ..................................................................................................................... 26 SUPPORTING RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 26 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................................... 26 iv National Prevention Framework Introduction The National Preparedness System outlines an organized process for the whole community to move forward with their preparedness activities and achieve the National Preparedness Goal. The National Preparedness System integrates efforts across the five preparedness mission areas—Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery—in order to achieve the goal of a secure and resilient Nation. The National Prevention Framework, part of the National Preparedness System, sets the strategy and doctrine for how the whole community builds, sustains, and delivers the Prevention core capabilities identified in the National Preparedness Goal in an integrated manner with the other mission areas. This second edition of the National Prevention Framework reflects the insights and lessons learned from real-world incidents and the implementation of the National Preparedness System. Prevention: The capabilities necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism. Within the context of national preparedness, the term “prevention” refers to preventing imminent threats. Protection: The capabilities necessary to secure the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Mitigation: The capabilities necessary to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. Response: The capabilities necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Recovery: The capabilities necessary to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively. Framework Purpose and Organization The National Prevention Framework describes what the whole community 2—from community members to senior leaders in government—should do upon the discovery of an imminent terrorist threat to the homeland. This Framework helps achieve the National Preparedness Goal of a secure and resilient Nation that is optimally prepared to prevent an imminent terrorist attack, including on-going attacks or stopping imminent follow-on attacks. The processes and policies described in this document will be conducted and applied in accordance with existing laws and regulations. This Framework provides guidance to leaders and practitioners at all levels of government, private and nonprofit sector partners, and individuals to prevent, avoid, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism by  Describing the core capabilities needed to prevent an imminent act of terrorism; 2 The whole community includes individuals and communities, the private and nonprofit sectors, faith-based organizations, and all levels of government (local, regional/metropolitan, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and Federal). Whole community is defined in the National Preparedness Goal as “a focus on enabling the participation in national preparedness activities of a wider range of players from the private and nonprofit sectors, including nongovernmental organizations and the general public, in conjunction with the participation of all levels of government in order to foster better coordination and working relationships.” 1 National Prevention Framework  Aligning key roles and responsibilities to deliver Prevention capabilities in time-sensitive situations;  Describing coordinating structures that enable all stakeholders to work together; and  Laying the foundation for further operational coordination and planning that will synchronize Prevention efforts within the whole community and across the Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery mission areas. Intended Audience This Framework applies to all levels of government, the private and nonprofit sectors, and individuals, as all play a role in preventing terrorism. It is especially useful for government leaders who have an obligation for public safety in their jurisdictions, including preventing imminent terrorist threats. Senior leaders (such as Federal department or agency heads, state and territorial governors, mayors, tribal leaders, police and fire chiefs, commissioners, sheriffs, public health and health system leaders, other city or county officials, and community leaders) should use this Framework as a comprehensive and accessible reference guide to the core capabilities and coordinating structures needed to prevent imminent acts of terrorism. This Framework also provides guidance to intelligence, law enforcement, and homeland security professionals on how existing entities (such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF), state and major urban area fusion centers, state and local counterterrorism and intelligence units, and other Executive Branch–sponsored task forces and initiatives that have an intelligence or information sharing role) can collaborate and prioritize their efforts to support the delivery of Prevention core capabilities. This Framework explains how the general public and private sectors may serve as partners for law enforcement in terrorism prevention. 3 Engaging the whole community is critical to success and individual and community preparedness is a key component. By providing equal access to acquire and use the necessary knowledge and skills, this Framework seeks to enable the whole community to contribute to and benefit from national preparedness. This includes children; 4 older adults; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; 5 those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse backgrounds; and people with limited English proficiency. Their contributions must be integrated into the Nation’s efforts, and their needs must be incorporated as the whole community plans and executes the core capabilities. Scope The United States carries out many programs and operations to prevent terrorism at home and abroad by stopping terrorist development, acquisition, and use of weapons of mass destruction, including 3 For the purposes of this Framework, private sector includes critical infrastructure owners and operators of both privately owned businesses and infrastructure and publicly owned infrastructure. 4 Children require a unique set of considerations across the core capabilities contained within this document. Their needs must be taken into consideration as part of any integrated planning effort. 5 Access and functional needs refers to persons who may have additional needs before, during and after an incident in functional areas, including but not limited to: maintaining health, independence, communication, transportation, support, services, self-determination, and medical care. Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include those who have disabilities; live in institutionalized settings; are older adults; are children; are from diverse cultures; have limited English proficiency or are non-English speaking; or are transportation disadvantaged. 2 National Prevention Framework explosives; eliminating terrorist safe havens; building enduring counterterrorism partnerships; stopping terrorist use of malicious cyber activity capabilities; and countering terrorist ideology. This Framework applies only to those capabilities, plans, and operations directly employed to ensure the Nation is prepared to prevent an imminent act of terrorism in the United States, and does not capture the full spectrum of the Nation’s efforts to counter terrorism. It is part of a broader U.S. policy to comprehensively address terrorism at its root by countering radicalization to violent extremism. Furthermore, in the global context, terrorism prevention activities should be conducted as early as possible before a plot becomes viable and as far from the intended target as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to prevent recruitment and radicalization toward violence, to deter terrorist plots, and to detect, disrupt, thwart, and interdict emerging terrorist plots at the earliest stages. The National Prevention Framework acknowledges a host of ongoing support activities that enable terrorism prevention efforts. The support activities include those programs, initiatives, and information sharing efforts that directly support local communities in preventing terrorism, including understanding, recognizing, and preventing crimes and other activities that are precursors or indicators of terrorist activity and violent extremism. Additionally, these support activities position the whole community to be prepared to execute the core capabilities necessary to prevent imminent terrorist threats. Specifically, having the ability to quickly collect, analyze, and further disseminate intelligence already established becomes critical in an imminent threat situation. In order to accomplish this, law enforcement, intelligence, homeland security professionals, and other members of the whole community must form engaged partnerships. 6 These partnerships allow for the seamless acquisition and passage of information. In addition to FBI JTTFs and FIGs, as well as state and major urban area fusion centers, a variety of analytical and investigative efforts support the ability to identify and counter terrorist threats by executing these prevention support activities. These efforts include other local, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal law enforcement agencies and various intelligence centers and related efforts, such as High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas, Regional Information Sharing Systems Centers, criminal intelligence units, real-time crime analysis centers, and others. A terrorist threat is considered imminent if intelligence or operational information warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat or ongoing attack against the United States that is sufficiently specific and credible to recommend implementation of additional measures to thwart an attack. An imminent terrorist threat may emerge at any time and become known through one of several different means:  The U.S. intelligence community  Local, state, tribal, territorial, or Federal law enforcement  The American public, through suspicious activity reporting. How and where the threat emerges has important implications for how events unfold and the delivery of terrorism prevention capabilities. Intelligence or information concerning an imminent threat may include the locations of terrorists or terrorists’ weapons, or other locations associated with an investigation, and may occur in one or more major domains: air; cyberspace, maritime, borders and 6 These partnerships should support the development, implementation, and/or expansion of programs designed to partner with local communities to counter violent extremism in accordance with the Strategic Implementation Plan for Empowering Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States (December 2011). 3 National Prevention Framework ports of entry, and the Nation’s interior. Each domain has distinct features and jurisdictional factors that affect how Prevention capabilities are delivered. The National Prevention Framework focuses on how the whole community will marshal capabilities in a rapid, coordinated approach in two potential situations:  To avoid, prevent, or stop an imminent terrorist threat  To prevent imminent follow-on terrorist attacks. Guiding Principles The desired end-state of the Prevention mission area is a Nation optimally prepared to prevent an imminent terrorist attack within the United States. To achieve this end-state, this Framework sets out three principles that guide the development and execution of the core capabilities for Prevention: (1) Engaged Partnerships; (2) Scalability, Flexibility, and Adaptability; and (3) Readiness to Act. 1. Engaged Partnerships. The whole community has a role to play in preventing imminent terrorist threats through engaged partnerships. The prevention of terrorism is a shared responsibility among the various local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, nonprofit, and private sector entities; individuals; and international partners. Each partner should play a prominent role in building capabilities, developing plans, and conducting exercises in preparation for preventing an imminent terrorist attack. 2. Scalability, Flexibility, and Adaptability. Core capabilities should be scalable, flexible, and adaptable and executed as needed to address the full range of threats as they evolve. Depending on the type, scope, or location of the threat, officials from all levels of government may elect to execute some or all core capabilities covered in this Framework. The coordinating structures outlined in this Framework can be tailored and leveraged to marshal the appropriate core capabilities to defeat the threat. 3. Readiness to Act. Preventing a terrorist attack requires a unified effort in a timeconstrained environment. Therefore, once a threat is identified, the whole community must preemptively build and maintain the appropriate core capabilities prior to a threat and proactively deliver core capabilities in a coordinated fashion. Risk Basis Results of the Strategic National Risk Assessment (SNRA), contained in the second edition of the National Preparedness Goal, indicate that a wide range of threats and hazards continue to pose a significant risk to the Nation, affirming the need for an all-hazards, capability-based approach to preparedness planning. The results contained in the Goal include:  Terrorist organizations or affiliates may seek to acquire, build, and use weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Conventional terrorist attacks, including those by “lone actors” employing physical threats such as explosives and armed attacks, present a continued risk to the Nation. These threats may manifest as multiple, geographically dispersed, near-simultaneous attacks or as a coordinated campaign over a prolonged period of time. Cybersecurity poses its own unique challenges. In addition to the risk that cyber-threats pose to the Nation, cybersecurity represents a core capability integral to preparedness efforts across the whole community. In order to meet the threat, the whole community must not only consider the unique core capability outlined in the Protection mission area, but must also consider integrating cyber-threat tasks in all of the Prevention core capabilities. 4 National Prevention Framework In addition to the SNRA results in the Goal, all levels of government, private and nonprofit sector organizations, communities, and households should assess their particular risks to identify capability requirements and mission essential functions and to prioritize their preparedness efforts. Roles and Responsibilities This section provides an overview of who has a role to play in preventing terrorism. Local, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal partners have roles and responsibilities for Prevention. This Framework also includes an important role for community members and the private sector. Individuals, Families, and Households Individuals, families, and households play an important role in the prevention of terrorism by identifying and reporting potential terrorism-related activity to law enforcement. Individual vigilance and awareness help communities remain safer and bolster prevention efforts. Communities Communities are unified groups that share goals, values, or purposes and may operate independently of geographic boundaries or jurisdictions. Communities and community organizations foster the development of organizations and organizational capacity that act toward a common goal, such as a local neighborhood watch. These groups may possess the knowledge an...
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Emergency Management - Outline
I.

II.

III.

Specific Purpose
A.

To discuss the core capabilities used in achieving the National Preparedness Goal.

B.

To discuss the roles of the National Prevention Framework to the society

C.

To show the methods applied in avoidance long-term risks caused by hazards

D.

Enabling the communities to identify capability resource and targets requirements

E.

Discussion on the approach applied to emergency management

Scope
A.

The measures taken in disaster management from preventive approaches

B.

To describe various preventive measures undertaken during disaster management

C.

How the nation reduces the effects of disaster

D.

The aspects that enable communities to understand the threats and risks

E.

The emergency management approaches

Core Capabilities
A.

Planning, operational coordination, and public information

B.

Intelligence and information sharing, search, screening and detection

C.

Hazards and risk identification, disaster and risk resilience assessment

D.

Prevention, avoidance or stopping disaster incidents

E.

The application of principles, themes, and action pathways in emergency

management
IV.

The Relationship between the Documents and Emergency Operations
A.

It discusses the goal of preparedness when responding to disasters.

B.

It describes the preventive measure...


Anonymous
Just the thing I needed, saved me a lot of time.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Related Tags