​Read the articles about critical thinking.

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Read the articles about critical thinking.

https://www.csun.edu/science/ref/reasoning/critical_thinking/elements.html

http://www.wsj.com/articles/bosses-seek-critical-thinking-but-what-is-that-1413923730 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

1) What does critical thinking mean to you? How would you personally define it, and why do you think it would be important skill to have in your career?

2) Think about your previous paper (privacy analyses), as well your next paper (sharing analyses). How do you think you could have used critical thinking more in the development of your previous paper, as a way to strengthen your arguments? How do you think it could help you write a better paper next time?

Attached is the previous paper (privacy analyses)

Please write from 300-400 words ONLY

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Running Head: PRIVACY POLICY 1 Privacy Policy Fahim Alrashdi California State University Northridge Marketing 350 #14018 18 February 2019 PRIVACY POLICY 2 Privacy Policy Introduction A privacy policy refers to a legal document or a statement that outlines some or all of the ways a company collects, uses, discloses, and controls a client’s or customer’s data. A privacy policy is important to customers since it is used to protect them. It achieves this by guaranteeing them that their information is protected. This paper examines the privacy policies of Amazon and eBay and highlights their main practices. Also, the paper discusses some of the similarities and differences between the privacy policies of these companies. After that, the paper critiques some practices of Amazon and eBay based on research. Lastly, the paper offers various recommendations for how the two companies could change their practices to offer more protection to their customers and clients. Amazon.com, Inc. is a multinational technology organization that focuses on cloud computing, e-commerce, and artificial intelligence. Founded by Jeff Bezos and based in Seattle, Washington, Amazon is one of the most valuable public company in the world ahead of Alphabet and Apple. Measured by market capitalization and revenue, it is the largest ecommerce and computing platform in the world. eBay, on the other hand, is an American multinational e-commerce organization located in San Jose, California. The corporation facilitates business-to-consumer as well as consumer-to-consumer sales via its website. Founded in 1995 by Pierre Omidyar, eBay has grown to operate in about 30 countries worldwide, as of 2011. Below is a summary of the Privacy Policy of the two companies. PRIVACY POLICY 3 Amazon Privacy Policy Amazon.com privacy policy describes how the company gathers, uses, manages, and discloses its client’s personal information about the Amazon.com websites, products, applications, experiences, and services. To start with, the privacy policy states that Amazon gathers customer’s information in the course of providing services to them, which they use to improve their customer’s Amazon experiences. Some of the types of information they gather include information given to them by their customers, automatic information, email and mobile communications, and information from other sources. The company uses the information collected to provide and deliver Amazon Web Services (AWS) offerings, to measure, support and enhance AWS offerings, to market, communicate with the clients, and to comply with the law that requires them to collect personal information at times. The organization makes use of cookies to enable their system to recognize the customer’s devices or browsers and to provide services to them (Amazon.com Privacy Policy, 2017). Also, the privacy policy outlines how the organization shares the personal information they collect. According to the policy, the company only shares its customer’s information with its subsidiaries that are subjected to their privacy notice or at least follows practices as protective as those described in the privacy notice. The company assures its customers that it works to protect the security of their information during transmission by use of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) software whose main job to encrypt client’s information. The privacy policy requires the customers to use a strong password and ensure they don’t land to unauthorized personnel. The privacy policy states that the company’s website contains links to other sites and third-party advertising. The company offers its users access to a vast range of information concerning their account and their interactions with the company’s website. Amazon.com does not allow the sale PRIVACY POLICY 4 of products to children under the age of 18years. However, the company sells children’s product for purchase by parents or guardians. Lastly, the privacy policy makes it clear that any dispute that arises from visiting the websites is a subject to the notice. The privacy policy also states that the business changes constantly so does their privacy notice. eBay Privacy Policy eBay privacy policy explains how the organization gathers, uses, discloses, retains, and protects their customers and client’s personal information. The privacy policy applies to any eBay application, website, tool or service where this privacy policy is referenced. According to the privacy policy, the company uses their customer’s personal information to offer and enhance their services, contact the customers about their accounts, for marketing, as well as to detect and reduce illegal or fraudulent activities. eBay’s privacy policy shares their customer’s personal information with several parties including the eBay Inc. corporate family members, financial institutions and service providers, law enforcers, and other eBay users that are authorized by the customer. There are some similarities and differences between these two privacy policies. To start with the similarities, both the eBay and the Amazon policies explains how the organizations gather, uses, and discloses the customer’s personal information. Also, the two privacy policies use their customer’s information to enhance their customer’s experiences on the websites. Moreover, both the Amazon privacy notice and the eBay privacy policy outlines the various ways through which their customer’s data is protected. However, there are a few areas where these two policies differ. To start with, unlike Amazon.com privacy policy, eBay privacy policy allows its customers to choose how the company uses their personal information. Also, unlike PRIVACY POLICY 5 Amazon privacy policy, eBay privacy notice informs their customers the range of time they will retain their personal information (eBay Privacy Policy, 2018). Analysis of the eBay and Amazon Privacy Policies Based on Research Both the Amazon.com and the eBay works hard to ensure that they protect their customer’s and client’s information as required by the research. For instance, they both states that they have set technologies that ensure that their client’s information is protected from compromise. Moreover, the privacy policies outline how they collect, use, manage and retain customer’s data. Also, the organization describes how they use their customer’s data which helps assure the safety of customer’s data. However, the two organizations have some drawbacks that may expose their customer’s data to some cybersecurity threats such as hacking. With the advancement in technology, the need for consumer protection increased (Singer, 2014). Nowadays, hackers will do anything to get away with customer’s personal information that helps them to compromise customer’s sensitive data. According to Nora Moran, huge changes in the economy and technology affects businesses, individuals, societies, and interactions between consumers. The privacy policies for the two organizations outlines different ways through which they work to ensure their customer’s information is protected from compromise. However, privacy policies fail to completely protect their clients. The Amazon.com, for instance, states in their privacy policy that there are thirdparty advertising as well as external links in their websites which hackers could use to steal customer’s sensitive data. The hackers can attach links to the websites that contain malware, which spreads to a system once opened. PRIVACY POLICY 6 Moreover, Nora Moran states that customers have different rights including the rights to be heard, right to safety, right to choose, as well as the right to be informed (Moran, 2015). The two policies, however, seems to violate some of these rights to the consumers. For example, the two policies fail to have the money back guarantee in their policies. This turns out to be a problem for most of the customers when they need their money back. Also, the two organizations fail to have a policy that helps customers in the case of the sale of a defective product. This violates the customer’s rights to be informed. Looking at some of the reviews given by customers in the sitejabber about the two organizations, it clear that the two companies have a weak privacy policy that fails to protect their customers fully. Most of them seem to complain about the money-back guarantee. Lastly, the two organization’s privacy policy is not up-to-date meaning that they miss some of the technological advances. Conclusion In conclusion, it is clear that the privacy policy of the two organizations outline some important ways through which they collect, use, manage, and retain their consumer’s data. The privacy policy is important documents that help protect customer’s data. For instance, by outlining how the client’s data is gathered, used, disclosed, and retained, the privacy policy helps ensure that the customer is aware of the usage of their data. However, there are some ways in which the privacy policy of the two organizations violates the customer’s rights. For example, the two organization’s privacy policies fail to have the money back guarantee for their customers even though some of their products are delivered while defective. I would recommend some measures for the two privacy policies to ensure that they assure customers of their data’s safety. To start with, I would recommend the two companies to include the money back guarantee in their privacy policies that assure their customers of money return in PRIVACY POLICY 7 case the products turned out defective. Also, I would recommend the two companies to follow the right measures to ensure that their customer’s data is safe. For example, I would recommend Amazon to ensure that the links and the third-party advertising on the websites are done away with. This would help ensure that the sites are safer. The government could as well come up with policies that protect the customers. Moreover, it is advisable that the privacy policies of the two organization are updated regularly. This helps ensure that they contain all new trends in technology. PRIVACY POLICY 8 References Amazon.com. (2017). Amazon.com Help: Amazon.com Privacy Notice. [online] Available at: https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=468496 [Accessed 17 Feb. 2019] Ebay.co.uk. (2018). User Privacy Notice. [online] Available at: https://www.ebay.co.uk/pages/help/policies/privacy-policy.html#summary [Accessed 17 Feb. 2019]. Moran, N. (2015). Consumer Information In The Digital Age. Singer, P. W., & Friedman, A. (2014). Cybersecurity: What everyone needs to know. OUP USA. PRIVACY POLICY 9 Privacy Policy Outline I. Introduction Paragraph Introduces privacy policies and mention what the paper is contained of. II. Part A : Summary of Company Policies (2 pages) A. Description/background of both Amazon.com and eBay companies B. Focus main points from policy of Amazon C. Focus main points from policy eBay D. Compare and contrast the two companies III. Part B: Critiques A. Focuses on the issues discussed in part A B. Issue 1: Outlines security issues as the problem C. Issue 2: outlines some problems with the privacy policy. This includes the money back guarantee issue IV. Part C: Conclusion (1 Page) A. Highlight main issues revealed: Security, Violation of rights, money back guarantee B. Specific recommendations to companies/consumers/government • Ensure sites are secure • Update the privacy policy
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Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Running head: CRITICAL THINKING

1

Critical Thinking.

Student’s name:
Institution affiliation:

CRITICAL THINKING

2
Critical Thinking.

Critical thinking is the ability to think rationally and critically about what to believe and
what to do. Necessarily, it entails the capability to engage in reflective and independent thinking.
Therefore, a critical thinker can; comprehend the logical connection between various ideas,
identify, construct and evaluate arguments, and also detect common mistake and inconsistency
in reasoning. Also, ...


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