Directions:

Please use the answer grid on moodle to answer each question (eg. Each question gets a grid. Do not group all theories together, all IVs, etc.) Do the grid for each question please. Assume all consent has been given, Ss are matched for all demographic and SES variables.

1. The US State Department is interested in discovering whether or not there will be violence this week in countries with Venezuelan communities in Europe, the U.S. or other allied countries.

There is widespread anger at the Venezuelan government by Venezuelan and Columbian exiles, immigrants, and ex pats in the U.S. and Europe, who plan to for what they say is a lack of action for peace by Western governments.

Agents in intelligence research at the State Department have been attending pro-peace in Venezuela group meetings and have been tracking protest plans. On a scale from 1 (not violent) to 6 (extreme violence), the agents have been rating plans by these groups to demonstrate in the U.S. and Europe. The agents also have used a similar rating system to predict whether the plans were 1(unlikely to occur) to 6 (very likely to occur). Based on the rating scales the agents found that the level of violence occurring in either U.S. vs Europe was rated at F=4.55, p.=.23, with a mean score of 1.6. The likelihood rating was F=5.76, p.=.31, with a mean score of 5.78. The intelligence officers decided that there would be some protests in both countries, but that they would be peaceful.

2. Two middle school science partners, Suzy and Johnny, wondered about the effect of affection on animal growth. They wondered whether giving animals attention, petting them, talking with love in their voices, hugging them would make them grow faster and be more social.

They received permission to work with the Toledo zoo and run their study on zoo animals. They compared two groups of animals: Group A, the group that would receive attention, consisting of: a small Asian elephant (aged 6 months), a 6 month red kangaroo, and a 6 month tortoise. Group B was visited and observed, but they did not interact with the same animals in Group B (same types/ages of animals). They zookeepers measured and weighted the animals and rated them on the Zoological Socialization Scale (a rating system that measures species-specific sociability). The kids visited the animals every day for 1 academic year (from Sept-June, science fair was on 15 June).

Results showed that his experiment did indeed work. Group A animals grew faster and scored higher on the socialization scale than the animals in group B (F=5.44, p.=.01). The kangaroos grew faster than all the other species regardless of which group they were in (F=8.13, p.=.001), and the difference between Group A vs Group B kangaroos was F=.33, p.=.10). The tortoises grew the slowest, but the difference between Group A tortoises vs Group B was F=4.17, p.=.03) on growth with group A growing faster. The elephants grew at a rate in the middle