~~6. Report the "Ending Average Volume (cubic millimeters)" and the (positive or negative) "Percent Differences" that you observed in the osmosis experiment for each salt solution below. (These should be recorded in data Table 1 from the Lab 4 Procedures step 2b.) (8 points) a. 0% salt solution: b. 1.75% salt solution: c. 3.5% salt solution: d. 7% salt solution: 0% salt solution1.75% salt solution3.5% salt solution7% salt solutionBeginning average volume (cu mm)4000 mm34000 mm34000 mm34000 mm3Average Ending average volume (cu mm) Change in volume (cu mm)[calculate as:ending mm3 - beginning mm3 ] Percent difference in volume (this is a positive or a negative % value)[calculate as:(change in volume/4000 mm3) x 100 ] ~~9. Using the appropriate osmotic terms (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic) describe what would happen to each organism in the following settings: a. A single-celled freshwater protist is placed into a beaker of salt water. (3 points) b. A salt-water snail is mistakenly put into a freshwater tank. (3 points) c. A head of lettuce is placed soaked in a sink of salt water. (3 points) d. A carrot is soaked a sink of distilled, pure water. (3 points) ~~10. Some gardeners kill slugs by pouring salt on them. Given what you have learned about osmosis, explain why this method is effective. (4 points) ~~11. Report the surface-to-volume area ratio for each cube from Procedure step 3a. (6 points) a. Cube 1: b. Cube 2: c. Cube 3: ~~12. Given your calculations from question #11 (for the cubes from Procedures step 3a), which cube would be most efficient at moving materials into and out of the cube? Briefly explain the answer based on the concepts covered in Lab 4. (4 points) ~~13. How does the rate of diffusion and surface-to-volume ratio limit cell size? Explain how your results from Procedure 3b illustrate this relationship. (5 points) ~~14. Two identically sized and shaped boneless skinless chicken breasts are purchased for dinner. One chicken breast is cut into approximately 1-inch pieces, while the second is left whole. Both will be cooked at the same temperature and in the same manner. Using information learned about surface-to-volume ratios, which will cook faster? Justify your response based on Lab 4 concepts. (5 points) ~~15. Researchers have discovered that desert hares lose heat through their ears to cool themselves. Given this and knowledge of surface area-to-volume ratios taught in lab, propose an explanation as to why hares that live in hot climates (such as the desert) have such long, flattened ears. (5 points) Application Question ~~16. How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to cell structures and diffusion be useful to you, or how can you apply this knowledge to your everyday life as a non-scientist? The application will be graded according to the rubric below. (20 points)

Biology Unit 4 Questions Instructions: Answer following questions using the read material attached in APA style format. Discussion: Answer in a minimum of 150 word count. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are used to create human growth hormone, insulin and clotting factor proteins that are used to treat dwarfism, diabetes and hemophilia respectively. Several crops such as corn and soybean have also been genetically modified in order to facilitate either the management or growth of these crops. Why do you think there is push back or opposition against the use of GM food crops but not in the use of products such as insulin, which is also created using GMOs? Complete: Answer each question in a minimum of 100 words per question. Describe Mendel's P, F1, and F2 generations in his experiments with pea plants.Two heterozygote tongue rollers (dominant trait) have a child. What percentage of individuals would be predicted to be heterozygotes, homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive? What is the only genotype of two parents that would ensure that their offspring could not roll their tongue (recessive trait)? Explain your reasoning.A man with AB blood and a woman with O blood have a child. What is the genotype and phenotype of both the man and woman? Is it possible for them to have a child with O blood? Explain. Also, explain what type of inheritance the ABO blood system demonstrates.Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by two copies of a mutated CFTR gene. If one in 100 people in the United States have cystic fibrosis and one in 5.0505050505 people are carriers for cystic fibrosis, calculate the number of individuals that are homozygous dominant. In other words, how many people would have two copies of the normal (non-mutated) CFTR gene. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation and explain how you determined this.Red-green colorblindness is a recessive trait that is located on the X chromosome. A woman who is not colorblind but whose father is colorblind has a child with a man who is not colorblind. Predict the probability of their daughter having colorblindness, their daughter having normal vision, their son being colorblind, and their son having normal vision. Explain your reasoning.One strand of a single DNA helix is labeled red while the other strand of the same DNA helix is labeled blue. This double helix DNA is replicated through the process of semi-conservative replication. Note that a completely newly synthesized strand of DNA will be white. Predict what the colors of the newly replicated DNAs (both strands) would be, explaining your prediction based on your understanding of semi-conservative replication.Transcribe and translate the following sequence of DNA: TTAACGCCA. There is a mutation that resulted in AAA being inserted after G. Predict how this mutation would impact the product of translation.Which of the following sequences cannot exist for a mRNA. Explain your answer. a.ATTGCC b.UTTCTTT c.AAAAAAd.CCCCCSome antibiotics are used to kill bacteria by stopping the ribosome from functioning. Based on the central dogma of biology, why is this deadly for bacteria?A cell has lost its ability to produce tRNA. Explain the consequences of this loss to the cell. Would this cell be able to divide? Explain.