Earth Science Sem. 2 Rocks, Minerals, And Soil Interaction With Atmosphere

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  1. What is the process whereby rocks, minerals, and soil are broken down into smaller and smaller pieces due to interaction with the atmosphere?

2 points

QUESTION 2

  1. Frost-wedging is an example of

2 points

QUESTION 3

  1. What are the two main components of soil?

2 points

QUESTION 4

  1. List and explain the five main factors of soil formation.
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3 points

QUESTION 5

  1. Soils that are dominated by clay are called

2 points

QUESTION 6

  1. Soils that are dominated by sand are called

2 points

QUESTION 7

  1. Wind erosion is most common in

2 points

QUESTION 8

  1. A crop planted on a field to reduce erosion during the off-season is called a

2 points

QUESTION 9

  1. Mudflows associated specifically with earthquake activity are called lahars.

1 points

QUESTION 10

  1. Which of the following can be a landslide warning sign?

2 points

QUESTION 11

  1. Describe the differences between youthful, mature, and old rivers.
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3 points

QUESTION 12

  1. Which of the following best describes a watershed?

2 points

QUESTION 13

  1. Areas of high vulnerability to stream erosion are

2 points

QUESTION 14

  1. Headward erosion results in a

2 points

QUESTION 15

  1. Why are floods especially common in the spring?

2 points

QUESTION 16

  1. Which of the following can cause storm surge in a coastal environment?

2 points

QUESTION 17

  1. High winds pushing against the ocean's surface are responsible for

2 points

QUESTION 18

  1. What is the difference between a confined and an unconfined aquifer?
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3 points

QUESTION 19

  1. A chemical in groundwater that can cause birth defects is called a

2 points

QUESTION 20

  1. Describe how and under what conditions glaciers form.
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3 points

QUESTION 21

  1. A glacier ends at the

2 points

QUESTION 22

  1. The place where a glacier originates is called the

2 points

QUESTION 23

  1. Explain how karst landscapes evolve over time.
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3 points

QUESTION 24

  1. The cave feature that forms when a stalactite and a stalagmite meet is called a

2 points

QUESTION 25

  1. Most coastal erosion is caused by

2 points

QUESTION 26

  1. The size of a wave depends on its fetch, which is the distance the wave has traveled.

1 points

QUESTION 27

  1. Which of the following is made of sand that has been deposited by wave action?

2 points

QUESTION 28

  1. Eolian landscapes are most common in

2 points

QUESTION 29

  1. Water slows down wind erosion, because water tends to hold loose particles together, increasing cohesion.

1 points

QUESTION 30

  1. The worldwide leading source of electrical power is

2 points

QUESTION 31

  1. Describe the differences and similarities in how coal, oil, and natural gas formed.


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3 points

QUESTION 32

  1. Describe what an oil sand is and explain the advantages and disadvantages associated with its use and extraction.

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3 points

QUESTION 33

  1. Fossil fuel combustion can alter Earth's carbon cycle by removing carbon from the atmosphere.

1 points

QUESTION 34

  1. Of the two nuclear processes, fusion and fission, which one is used to generate commercial nuclear power? Why is the other one not used?
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3 points

QUESTION 35

  1. How does the use of fuel in a nuclear power plant compare to the use of fuel in a fossil fuel power plant?

2 points

QUESTION 36

  1. Relying on windows and building materials to capture incoming solar radiation WITHOUT distributing that energy is called

2 points

QUESTION 37

  1. Wind power is most practical when wind speeds are over 55 mph.

1 points

QUESTION 38

  1. Mountaintop removal is the most environmentally friendly type of mining.

1 points

QUESTION 39

  1. An ore is a rock that

2 points

QUESTION 40

  1. Newton's work on gravity supported the heliocentric view of the universe.

1 points

QUESTION 41

  1. Stars are luminous balls of _______.

2 points

QUESTION 42

  1. According to the big bang theory, the universe was once very __________ and is now __________.

2 points

QUESTION 43

  1. What is the most widely accepted model of how the solar system formed? Explain how the solar system formed under this model.
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3 points

QUESTION 44

  1. Our solar system resides in the

2 points

QUESTION 45

  1. The planets in the inner solar system have ______ compositions.

2 points

QUESTION 46

  1. From Earth, we always see the same side of the Moon.

1 points

QUESTION 47

  1. Objects that are smaller than the planets and that orbit the Sun are called

2 points

QUESTION 48

  1. Jupiter and Saturn are made mostly of

2 points

QUESTION 49

  1. Which stage follows the white dwarf stage of star development?

2 points

QUESTION 50

  1. On an HR diagram, very large stars tend to have high temperatures and high luminosities.

1 points

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Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Surname1

Semester 2 Earth Science Exam
Student’s name
Professor
Course code
April 14, 2019

Surname2

Semester 2 Earth Science Exam
1. Weathering
2. Physical weathering
3. Weathered rock particles and water
4. List and explain the five main factors of soil formation
a. Parent material
-

Parent material is the material from which soil develops which could be rock that has
over time decomposed in a place or material which was deposited there. The
composition of the parent material determines the properties of soil which develops
from it. Soil which develops from parent material which is coarse and resistant to
weathering is likely to be coarse grained. Soil which develops from parent material
which is unstable and weathers readily is likely to be fine-grained.

b. Climate
-

Climate influences the energy that affects soil formation affecting the chemical and
physical composition of soil. In addition, climate also dictates the vegetation cover
which in turn affects soil development.

c. Topography
-

Topography determines soil formation since it affects water runoff and topographic
orientation has an effect on vegetation which also affects soil formation. For the
horizontal process to proceed, the parent material ought to be undisturbed but in cases
of soil erosion the pa...


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