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Your use of the machine generated PDF is subject to all use restrictions contained in The Cengage Learning Subscription and License Agreement and/or the Opposing Viewpoints in Context Terms and Conditions and by using the machine generated PDF functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against Cengage Learning or its licensors for your use of the machine generated PDF functionality and any output derived therefrom. How much is too much to pay for college? The Washington Post. (Feb. 25, 2018) Lexile Measure: 1320L. COPYRIGHT 2018 The Washington Post From Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Full Text: Byline: Jeffrey J. Selingo About three-fourths of students who attend four-year colleges graduate with loan debt. That's up from about half of students three decades ago. Whether students have debt - and how much - depends greatly on the school they attend. Graduates of private colleges, for instance, are more likely than those from public institutions to have debt. Students who attend wealthy selective colleges - some of which cover the full cost of attendance for financially needy students - are less likely to have debt than those who attend expensive lower-tier colleges. Unlike a mortgage or a car loan, student loans aren't based on complicated formulas about what an applicant can afford to pay. The federal government suggests that no more than 15 percent of income should go toward paying student-loan debt. But the problem is few high school seniors know what they might earn in the decade after college when they will be paying off their loans. At this time of year, as high school seniors and parents weigh college decisions and financial aid offers, the question I inevitably get is this: How much is too much debt to take on to pay for an undergraduate degree? Recently, I asked a few experts to weigh in on this question. Several told me a rule of thumb is that total undergraduate borrowing should be limited to what you might expect to make your first year after graduation. By that measure, many college graduates seem to be doing well: Average debt is about $37,000 and first-year salaries are close to $40,000, on average. "If total debt is less than annual income, you should be able to repay your student loans in 10 years or less," said Mark Kantrowitz, an author of four books on financial aid. But others said an appropriate amount of debt shouldn't be defined by one data point because there are too many variables - from family finances to choice of school and major. "Debt in an amount that causes the students or the family stress - whether before, during or after college - is too much debt," said Sara GoldrickRab, author of "Paying the Price: College Costs, Financial Aid, and the Betrayal of the American Dream" and a professor at Temple University. Andrew B. Palumbo, dean of admissions and financial aid at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, said how much to borrow for college "is an inherently personal decision that is best made after conducting thoughtful research." Students and their parents, he said, "should know their school's graduation rate, loan default rate and the likely return on investment for the major they choose." Such information is easily found because of a bevy of consumer-friendly Web sites introduced in recent years. Most useful is the College Scorecard from the U.S. Department of Education (collegescorecard.ed.gov), which includes five key pieces of data about a college: costs, graduation rate, loan default rate, average amount borrowed and employment. The College Scorecard is not without shortcomings. When it comes to earnings after graduation, a student's major matters, so institutional data is not as helpful as information specific to individual academic programs. In seven states - Colorado, Florida, Minnesota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Washington - students can search public databases for yearly earnings of graduates of institutions within the state, by major. So it's possible to determine, for example, how much a psychology major from George Mason University earns compared to one from James Madison University ($28,195 vs. $24,711). Paying for college is not just a one-year endeavor, of course. Students and their parents tend to pay close attention to how much debt they will take on when choosing a school, but less once enrolled. As a reporter who has interviewed hundreds of undergraduates over the years, I have found that they are generally terrible at keeping track of how much debt they have. A 2014 study by economists at the Federal Reserve and Iowa State University found that nearly 10 percent of students underestimated their total debt by more than $10,000. That's one reason why three states - Florida, Indiana and Nebraska - require colleges and universities by law to provide detailed information about student debt and projected loan payments to students. Economists often remind us that education debt is good debt. Taking on a student loan seems like a good investment, when placed next to the lower unemployment rate for college graduates and the lifetime payoff of a bachelor's degree. While a college degree might make good economic sense, one at any cost doesn't. Education debt may be good debt, but even too much of a good thing can hurt you. Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition) Selingo, Jeffrey J. "How much is too much to pay for college?" Washington Post, 25 Feb. 2018. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A528868651/OVIC?u=san96005&sid=OVIC&xid=6a823e30. Accessed 10 Apr. 2019. Gale Document Number: GALE|A528868651 https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ivory-tower-documentary-college-learn_n_5529308 https://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/movie_script.php?movie=ivory-tower https://bryanalexander.org/uncategorized/notes-on-ivory-tower/ http://www.documentarymania.com/player.php?title=Ivory%20Tower here is some web site that have the ivory tower documentary scripts, quotes, and summury to use for the essay. Name Instructor Course Date The Cost of College Education Nearly seventy five percent of the college students have a loan debt by the time they are graduating and this percentage represents an increase of more than half when it is compare to the previous three decades. Normally students may or may not have a debt and this is dependent on the school they attended. Usually graduates of private schools have higher chances of being indebted than those of public schools. The essay will discuss the cost of college education. Student loans are not derivatives of complex formulas. It is the federal government that5 sets the limits with regard to the amount of loan that is given to students and the aim is to ascertain the amount that the student will come to pay as a loan debt does not exceed 15 percent . Nevertheless, there is a challenge in that most of the student leaving college have no idea with regard to the much they will earn as salaries. On most occasion, the question that is given much consideration is how much loan is abnormally huge. It seems like students are just too willing to apply for large loans even though such hefty students just mean that the students are going to have huge loans to pay back. The most prevalent opinion about how much students should borrow is that it should be determined by what the student expect as their first salary. Underpinning students borrowing on this criteria means that averagely many students are not doing so badly in terms of the debt burden 2 and are actually able to pay off their debt fast and without a lot of strain. According to the documentary Ivory tower, college education and tuition has become so expensive to the point that students and Parents are beginning to wonder if it is worthy it. Rhetorical Analysis in then Written Genre In the Written genre just like in the other genre the conventions of rhetorical involves an investigation into how well the authors conveys the message and it takes into consideration into how well he or she uses the different appeals. The appeals that are considered are the pathos, the logos and the ethos. Logos entails the methods or the strategies that the writer apples so as to invoke the critical mind of the reader. The author approaches the subject matter by bringing to the fore the facts that can be understood by the reader. For instance in this case the matter at hand is that college education has become extremely expensive and due to this students are forced to apply for huge loans in order to support their college education. The eventual result of this is that by the time the students are graduating from college they are feeling weighed down by immense debt and a result the takeoff for their adult lives burdened by a debt that had incurred while in college. The author uses the appeals logos by talking factually about the subject matter. He or she give facts and figure to make the matter to be understandable to the audience are essentially the academia and the student who are used to dealing with information in analytical way. Consequently the audience well connected with then author and therefore they get the message that the author wishes to put across. 3 The other that it used in the conventions of rhetorical analysis is the appeal of pathos and this involves getting the audience to be emotionally involved with the literature and hence they are able to understand the message that is being communicated. The author says that some student are not able to survive without5 loans or government grants due to their not too strong financial background. One can help but start to empathize with the students who have financially incapacitated and who inevitably end accumulating a lot of debt. The author breakdown the matter painstaking until one can actually almost in surreal manner come face with the challenge of education at the college and the university level at the United States of America. The author brings to the fore all the sections of the society who have to bear the brunt of exorbitantly and prohibitive college education costs. Work Cited Foss, Sonja K. Rhetorical criticism: Exploration and practice. Waveland Press, 2017. 4 QUESTIONS FOR DRAFTING: RWS 280 ESSAY THREE INTRODUCTION: • • • • • • Do you begin with a hook? Is there some explanation of the context of your topic? Are both documentary/director and academic text/author introduced? Is there a general discussion of what each of the overall arguments are? Do you explain to your reader a general sense of the types of rhetorical strategies they use in order to persuade the audience? Do you have a thesis that states what your paper is going to analyze and your purpose (aka what are you trying to prove?) BODY: • • • • • • • • • • Do you begin with a topic sentence? (centered around both documentary and academic text and the rhetorical strategy/claim you plan on analyzing) Are your direct quotes properly introduced? Do you provide analysis of the quote and an analysis of the type of rhetorical strategy used? Do you analyze how the rhetorical strategy used by the author demonstrates an awareness/assumption of their audience or advances the overall argument? Does your body paragraph show synthesis between both the documentary and academic text? Do you evaluate the rhetorical strategy in relation to the overall argument? (i.e. “the use of anecdote is effective because…”) Do you evaluate the effectiveness of the documentary over the academic text or vice versa? Does your body paragraph focus too much on summary and not enough on analysis? Are you offering too much of your own opinion rather than analyzing the director’s/author’s moves? Do your ideas in your body paragraph logically move from one idea to the next? CONCLUSION: • • • • • • Do you begin with a sentence that shows you are wrapping up your analysis? Is your conclusion merely repetitive or do you point to a larger significance? Do you discuss your response to the documentary and/or academic text? Do you offer a solution or a call-to-action? Do you end on a strong idea? Do you connect your conclusion to your hook? MECHANICS: • • • • • • • • Are your quotes introduced and cited according to MLA 8? Have you proofread for spelling errors? Have you ensured that your writing does not contain comma slices or sentence fragments? Is your document appropriately formatted according to MLA 8? Have you met the 4-page minimum requirement? Do you refer to authors by last name only after introducing them in the introduction? Do you place your punctuation inside the quotation marks? (He said “this.”) Do you use transitions to move smoothly from one idea to the next? Name Instructor Course Date The Cost of College Education Nearly seventy five percent of the college students have a loan debt by the time they are graduating and this percentage represents an increase of more than half when it is compare to the previous three decades. Normally students may or may not have a debt and this is dependent on the school they attended. Usually graduates of private schools have higher chances of being indebted than those of public schools. The essay will discuss the cost of college education. Student loans are not derivatives of complex formulas. It is the federal government that5 sets the limits with regard to the amount of loan that is given to students and the aim is to ascertain the amount that the student will come to pay as a loan debt does not exceed 15 percent . Nevertheless, there is a challenge in that most of the student leaving college have no idea with regard to the much they will earn as salaries. On most occasion, the question that is given much consideration is how much loan is abnormally huge. It seems like students are just too willing to apply for large loans even though such hefty students just mean that the students are going to have huge loans to pay back. The most prevalent opinion about how much students should borrow is that it should be determined by what the student expect as their first salary. Underpinning students borrowing on this criteria means that averagely many students are not doing so badly in terms of the debt burden 2 and are actually able to pay off their debt fast and without a lot of strain. According to the documentary Ivory tower, college education and tuition has become so expensive to the point that students and Parents are beginning to wonder if it is worthy it. Rhetorical Analysis in then Written Genre In the Written genre just like in the other genre the conventions of rhetorical involves an investigation into how well the authors conveys the message and it takes into consideration into how well he or she uses the different appeals. The appeals that are considered are the pathos, the logos and the ethos. Logos entails the methods or the strategies that the writer apples so as to invoke the critical mind of the reader. The author approaches the subject matter by bringing to the fore the facts that can be understood by the reader. For instance in this case the matter at hand is that college education has become extremely expensive and due to this students are forced to apply for huge loans in order to support their college education. The eventual result of this is that by the time the students are graduating from college they are feeling weighed down by immense debt and a result the takeoff for their adult lives burdened by a debt that had incurred while in college. The author uses the appeals logos by talking factually about the subject matter. He or she give facts and figure to make the matter to be understandable to the audience are essentially the academia and the student who are used to dealing with information in analytical way. Consequently the audience well connected with then author and therefore they get the message that the author wishes to put across. 3 The other that it used in the conventions of rhetorical analysis is the appeal of pathos and this involves getting the audience to be emotionally involved with the literature and hence they are able to understand the message that is being communicated. The author says that some student are not able to survive without5 loans or government grants due to their not too strong financial background. One can help but start to empathize with the students who have financially incapacitated and who inevitably end accumulating a lot of debt. The author breakdown the matter painstaking until one can actually almost in surreal manner come face with the challenge of education at the college and the university level at the United States of America. The author brings to the fore all the sections of the society who have to bear the brunt of exorbitantly and prohibitive college education costs. Work Cited Foss, Sonja K. Rhetorical criticism: Exploration and practice. Waveland Press, 2017. 4
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