Chapter 1 Against Realism Discussion

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OPEN BOOK CLASS TEST #4 This Test covers chapters 1-2 of “Just and Unjust Wars” by Michael Walzer. Part I. Questions on chapter 1 “Against Realism,” pp. 3-20. (Worth 20 points) 1. INSTRUCTIONS: PLEASE, CAREFULLY REFLECT ON THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IN THE CHAPTER: (On page 3, speaking of the experience of war Walzer says: “Here men and women do what they must to save themselves and their communities, and morality and law have no place. Inter arma silent leges: in time of war the law is silent.” And on page 7 Walzer also observes: “as Werner Jaeger has said, … “the principle of force forms a realm of its own, with laws of its own,” distinct and separate from the laws of moral life. This is certainly the way Hobbes read Thucydides, and it is the reading with which we must come to grips.” Yet, at the end of the chapter, on p. 20 summarizing its essence and the main thesis of the whole book Walzer emphasizes: “ I am going to assume throughout that we really do act within a moral world; … … and finally that our understanding of the moral vocabulary is sufficiently common and stable so that shared judgments are possible.”) AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION: A.What does Walzer mean by the title of the chapter “Against Realism”? B. Explain the meaning of the central thesis of the chapter. C. Describe in detail the realism of the Athenian generals in Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War; D. as well as of Hobbes who translated this work, E. contrast it with Walzer’s position citing statements from the 2 chapter. Part II. Question on chapter 2 “The Crime of War,” pp. 21 -33 (each question is worth 10 points). 1 Provide Walzer’s explanation of “what we mean when we say that it is a crime to begin a war”. Cite specific statements in the chapter and provide page numbers. 3 2 Explain in your own words the “logic of war” according to Karl von Clausewitz. What is the essence of Walzer’s criticism of Clausewitz description of the logic of war? Cite the sentence in which Walzer provides his counter argument to that of Clausewitz. 3. Explain what Walzer means when he says that “no one has ever experienced ‘absolute war’” on page 24? Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner
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Part I. Questions on chapter 1 “Against Realism,” pp. 3-20. (Worth 20 points)
A.What does Walzer mean by the title of the chapter “Against Realism”? B. Explain the
meaning of the central thesis of the chapter. C. Describe in detail the realism of the
Athenian generals in Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War; D. as well as of Hobbes
who translated this work, E. contrast it with Walzer’s position citing statements from the
chapter.
The meaning of title “Against Realism” is that Walzer seeks to present arguments that
discredit any type of ideas or notions that believe a war can just be started at will and ended at
will by an adversary. His argument throughout the chapter is that those that intend to get into war
should only do it when it is inevitable or when it is a necessity for self and community survival.
The central thesis of this chapter means that any wars started outside the confines of the
laws of moral life are crimes. This is because if a war is started, all laws and morality are
suspended and everybody fights to protect self and the community. Thus, there is need to
exercise restraint, moderation and ethical judgments before engaging in wars.
According...


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