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Part I. Questions on chapter 1 “Against Realism,” pp. 3-20. (Worth 20 points)
A.What does Walzer mean by the title of the chapter “Against Realism”? B. Explain the
meaning of the central thesis of the chapter. C. Describe in detail the realism of the
Athenian generals in Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War; D. as well as of Hobbes
who translated this work, E. contrast it with Walzer’s position citing statements from the
chapter.
The meaning of title “Against Realism” is that Walzer seeks to present arguments that
discredit any type of ideas or notions that believe a war can just be started at will and ended at
will by an adversary. His argument throughout the chapter is that those that intend to get into war
should only do it when it is inevitable or when it is a necessity for self and community survival.
The central thesis of this chapter means that any wars started outside the confines of the
laws of moral life are crimes. This is because if a war is started, all laws and morality are
suspended and everybody fights to protect self and the community. Thus, there is need to
exercise restraint, moderation and ethical judgments before engaging in wars.
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