Submit your response in a MS Word document or a Pdf after inserting the results from SPSS into your document.Use the SPSS data file DataSet that you originally created in your class. Suppose you are interested in evaluating whether the overall GPA of students differs according to student gender (Gender) and whether the student GPA has increased or decreased since the previous semester (ChangeinGPA). a. Clearly state your research questions followed by their corresponding null and alternative hypotheses. b. Test all assumptions for ANOVA and report the results. Do you need to make any data transformations? c. Conduct the ANOVA and provide a short summary of the results? Did you find any interaction effects? Explain. d. Restate your findings as you would report in your dissertation (in APA format). Modality On-ground Hybrid Online Professor Taylor 65 70 55 70 65 65 60 60 70 60 70 55 60 65 55 55 60 60 60 60 50 55 50 50Professor Jones 50 45 30 55 60 30 80 85 30 65 65 55 70 70 35 75 70 20 75 80 45 65 60 40 2. Enter the above data into SPSS. The data shows final grades earned by 48 students in two statistics classes taught by two professors. Each professor has taught three (3) classes; on-ground, hybrid, and online. Students were randomly assigned. The goal of the study was to find whether there are meaningful differences in student grades across different modalities. After entering the data in SPSS, answer the following questions a. Identify the independent (factors) and dependent variables. b. State the null and alternative hypotheses.c. Perform a factorial ANOVA in SPSS.d. Report your results and state your conclusion regarding the hypotheses.e. Report the effect sizes (η2) for any of the significant factors.f. If applicable, conduct a post-Hoc test to determine which group means (if any) differ significantly from one another.g. Plot the results using an appropriate graph, putting the modality on the horizontal axis. h. Restate your findings as you would report in your dissertation (in APA format).

PART1: Assessing NormalityIn this module, you explore the normal distribution. A standard normal distribution has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one. The z-score statistic converts a non-standard normal distribution into a standard normal distribution allowing us to use Table A-2 in your textbook (or whatever technology you want!) and report associated probabilities.This discussion combines means, sample standard deviation, z-score, and probability. You are encouraged to complete the textbook reading, review the narrated Ppts., and start the MyStatLab Homework before starting this discussion.ScenarioThe following table reports simulated annual flying squadron costs (in millions of dollars) at the following locations:Module 4 Airshow Template.xlsxCompleteUse Microsoft Excel and StatDisk to complete the Flying Squadron Costs table for the aircraft type listed below:If your last name begins with the letter A through L, compute the mean costs (x-bar) and sample standard deviation (s) using the B-52 data; use the Kadena mean cost (x) in your z-score and probability calculations.If your last name begins with the letter M through Z, compute the mean costs (x-bar) and sample standard deviation (s) using the F-35 data; use the Charleston mean cost (x) in your z-score and probability calculations.Report your values to two decimal places (i.e., 0.12) except for probability (four decimal places). Report probability, i.e., area, (to the right of your z-score) values to four decimal places (i.e. p = 0.1234).Your StatDisk results should look very similar to this image:Save your work as separate files to your computer and then read the Canvas instructions on How do I embed an image in a discussion reply as a student? (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Post & DiscussEmbed the images of your spreadsheet and StatDisk results in the discussion area along with a narrative (interpretation and understanding) of your findings and the responses to the questions below.Do these costs appear to come from a population that has a normal distribution? Why or why not?Can the mean of your data sample be treated as a value from a population having a normal distribution? Why or why not?Did an “unusually low” or “unusually high” z-score value occur? See Ppts.Was the associated z-score probability value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05); meaning a “significantly low” or “significantly high” event? If yes, what are the implications for the base and/or aircraft?What were your findings? Hint: focus on the calculated mean, standard deviation, and z-score (include probability) to interpret your results.You should make your initial post before the fourth day of the module week (Friday) to receive full credit. Return at least twice later in the module week to provide meaningful (substantive) comments to two or more of your classmates' posts. DO NOT “post and run” – making all three posts in the same visit. You need multiple visits to the discussion area to gain multiple perspectives by reading all of the posts and replies.Review the Discussion Rubric for detailed grading information.PART2Flying Squadron Costs ReportAssignmentReport the CostsNow that you have calculated simulated annual flying squadron costs, you are required to report your findings. Remember the focus for this module is the normal distribution; specifically mean, standard deviation, z-score, and probability; what these descriptive and inferential statistics physically mean and how they are used in a simulated “real-world” problem.You are encouraged to calculate all row and column values for mean, standard deviation, z-score, and probability so that the entire “data picture” is available. (Hint: Are there any unusual events? Either by aircraft or base?)Report the costs in a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). Your MOU should be a maximum of one page with one-inch margins using 11 point font and consist of only the following three paragraphs:Introduction - Prepare the audience for what they are about to read.Results - The facts.Conclusion(s) - Results are fact-based, concise and to the point; actionable.Review the Writing Suggestions page for tips. Use this format for your document.MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDINGTO: 97th AMW - USAFFROM: Your NameDATE: Add Assignment Due DateSUBJECT: Determined by StudentSubmitSave your assignment using a naming convention that includes your first and last name and the activity number or description (i.e., STAT_211_Last_Name_First_Name_Module_4). Do not add punctuation or special characters.This assignment will automatically be checked through Turnitin, a service that checks your work for improper citation or potential plagiarism by comparing it against a database of web pages, student papers, and articles from academic books and publications.Review the Assignment Rubric for detailed grading information.

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