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Do a 10 page research paper in APA format with at least 3 references on diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis . Thank you!
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Attached.
Running head: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS
Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis
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DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS
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Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease that affects the bones. The human bone is a living tissue that
which has its own blood vessels and living cells. The cells die and repair themselves in a process
called remodeling. The bone is made up of bone forming cells, resorbing bone cells, inorganic
mineral salts, and osteoid. Once we are born, we contain about three hundred soft bones. As one
transition from childhood through adolescence, cartridges grow and later are replaced with stiff
and hard bones. Most of the formed bones fuse together during adulthood. This is the reason why
an adult’s skeleton has about two hundred and six bones (Crandall, Larson, Manson, Cauley,
LaCroix, Wactawski‐Wende, & Ensrud, 2018).
Crandall et al., (2018) also note that bones have significant roles in the body. Some of
these roles include providing support to the body, providing protection to the body, provide a
conducive environment for blood cells are formed or produced and acts as a storage place for
different minerals like calcium. The bone contains two main types of tissue which are the hard
outer layer which is known as compact bone. This tissue is dense, tough and compact. The
second tissue is the spongy inner layer that is known as cancellous bone. This part of the bone is
spongy and lighter. Once an individual is affected by osteoporosis, the disease affects the porous
and spongy part of the bone.
The disease reduces the density and the quality of the bones making them fragile and
more porous. This increases the chances of the patients incurring fractures even with a slight
bend of even normal walking. Crandall et al., (2018) notes person suffering from osteoporosis is
also likely to break a bone during coughing. Osteoporosis has no significant symptoms until
when the first fracture has happened. Fractures related to osteoporosis happen mainly on the
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spine bone, wrist or the hips and this mainly happens in women more than in men who are in
their menopause (Holm, Hyldstrup, & Jensen, 2016).
As one becomes older, the bone cells dissolve in a process that is known as resorption.
New cells are later formed to replace the lost cells in a process known as a formation. This cycle
which is referred to as remodeling has to take place in a balanced manner to ensure the number
of cells being formed does not exceed the number of cells that replaces them (Holm, Hyldstrup,
& Jensen, 2016). People suffering from osteoporosis usually have a hard time since the rate at
which the cells die is usually higher compared to the level of their replacement making the bone
weak. The human bone is usually denser and stronger at the age of early 20s, and this stage is
referred to as peak bone mass stage (Khosla & Shane, 2016). As the years increase, the bone
becomes weaker and less dense, and this is why people at the age of fifty and above are more
attacked by osteoporosis compared to any other age below them.
Epidemiology
Research made has confirmed that about 54 million people in America only suffer from
osteoporosis as well as low bone mass (Holm, Hyldstrup, & Jensen, 2016). It has also been
proved that the risk is usually much higher in women compared to men. About one out of two
women suffers from the problem compared to men where it is approximated that one out of four
men suffers from the problem. Women are at a higher risk of being attacked by osteoporosis
compared to men especially at the age of fifty years and above. Osteoporosis is a global concern
that needs that health departments need to be taken seriously. Currently, people who have
osteoporosis are estimated to be about 200 million all over the world. Out of these, 40% of them
are women while 15-30% of them are men (Holm, Hyldstrup, & Jensen, 2016).
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According to Crandall et al., (2018), the estimates have been projected that by 2050, the
worldwide incidences of osteoporosis hip related fractures in women a...