Hydrologic Study of Big Sioux River Watershed Brookings Paper

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The attached files are meant to be used to aid you in creating your watershed report. The Web data sources document shows the web address and map for the watershed, precipitation gauges and the soil and topography information you will need. The Watershed Template has the general template that you will be filling in as well as guidance on what you need to do with the data you collect. The Streamflow analysis spreadsheet is to be used to work with the annual streamflow data. There are instructions on it in yellow. Let me know if you have questions. ( I get all the data from web site ) As pis & Excel files.

Note: I'm going to attach some files like an example ( Format ) and some files you can help you and guideline for the report also Excel file for all data from 1954 to 2017. About the soil I will attach pic for the high number from (https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx ) and I already get the report for it.

Location: ( Big Sioux River near Brookings, SD -Gauges No:06480000- Brookings, SD )

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2019/5/3 USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD USGS Home Contact USGS Search USGS National Water Information System: Web Interface Data Category: USGS Water Resources Site Information Geographic Area: United States GO Click to hideNews Bulletins Introducing The Next Generation of USGS Water Data for the Nation Full News USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Available data for this site SUMMARY OF ALL AVAILABLE DATA GO Stream Site DESCRIPTION: Latitude 44°10'49", Longitude 96°44'57" NAD27 Moody County, South Dakota, Hydrologic Unit 10170203 Drainage area: 3,338 square miles Contributing drainage area: 2,469 square miles, Datum of gage: 1,551.91 feet above NGVD29. AVAILABLE DATA: Data Type Current / Historical Observations Daily Data Temperature, water, degrees Celsius (availability statement) Begin End Date Count Date 1990-10- 2019-0501 03 2001-10- 2003-09- 2098 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=06480000 1/4 2019/5/3 USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Discharge, cubic feet per second Gage height, feet Turbidity, water, unfiltered, nephelometric turbidity units Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligrams per liter pH, water, unfiltered, field, standard units 11 1953-0801 2018-0430 2001-1011 2001-1011 2001-1011 2001-1011 29 2019-0502 2019-0502 2003-0929 2003-0929 2003-0929 2003-0929 2001-1012 1953-0801 2001-1012 2001-1012 2001-1012 2003-0929 2017-1003 2003-0928 2003-0929 2003-0929 2001-10 1953-08 2001-10 2003-09 2017-10 2003-09 2001-10 2003-09 2001-10 2003-09 2002 1953 2003 2018 24015 367 1786 2085 1734 1377 Daily Statistics Temperature, water, degrees Celsius Discharge, cubic feet per second Turbidity, water, unfiltered, nephelometric turbidity units Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligrams per liter Monthly Statistics Temperature, water, degrees Celsius Discharge, cubic feet per second Turbidity, water, unfiltered, nephelometric turbidity units Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligrams per liter Annual Statistics Temperature, water, degrees Celsius Discharge, cubic feet per second 697 23440 587 693 569 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=06480000 2/4 2019/5/3 USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Turbidity, water, unfiltered, nephelometric turbidity units Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligrams per liter Peak streamflow Field measurements Field/Lab water-quality samples Water-Year Summary Revisions 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 1954-03- 2017-0522 25 1953-07- 2019-0410 01 1960-06- 2015-0802 11 2006 2017 Available (site:1) (timeseries:0) 64 943 597 12 OPERATION: Record for this site is maintained by the USGS South Dakota Water Science Center Email questions about this site to South Dakota Water Science Center Water-Data Inquiries ADDITIONAL INFORMATION National Weather Service Floodstage 9.0 ft. Questions about sites/data? Feedback on this web site Automated retrievals Help Data Tips Explanation of terms Subscribe for system changes News Accessibility Plug-Ins FOIA Privacy Policies and Notices U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey Title: NWIS Site Information for USA: Site Inventory URL: https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=06480000 Page Contact Information: South Dakota Water Data Support Team https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=06480000 3/4 2019/5/3 USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Page Last Modified: 2019-05-04 00:04:29 EDT 0.44 0.4 caww01 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=06480000 4/4 2019/5/3 USGS Surface Water for USA: Peak Streamflow USGS Home Contact USGS Search USGS National Water Information System: Web Interface Data Category: USGS Water Resources Surface Water Geographic Area: United States GO Click to hideNews Bulletins Introducing The Next Generation of USGS Water Data for the Nation Full News Peak Streamflow for the Nation USGS 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Available data for this site Surface-water: Peak streamflow GO Moody County, South Dakota Hydrologic Unit Code 10170203 Latitude 44°10'49", Longitude 96°44'57" NAD27 Drainage area 3,338 square miles Contributing drainage area 2,469 square miles Gage datum 1,551.91 feet above NGVD29 Output formats Table Graph Tab-separated file peakfq (watstore) format Reselect output format Water Year Gage Height (feet) Date Streamflow (cfs) 1954 Mar. 22, 1954 9.79 1,970 1955 Mar. 12, 1955 8.621 1,180 1956 Aug. 08, 1956 4.002 287 1957 Jun. 17, 1957 11.67 5,320 1958 Mar. 27, 1958 4.58 382 1959 Mar. 07, 1959 2 240 https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/peak?site_no=06480000&agency_cd=USGS&format=html 1/4 2019/5/3 USGS Surface Water for USA: Peak Streamflow Water Year Gage Height (feet) Date Streamflow (cfs) 1960 Mar. 30, 1960 12.28 9,620 1961 Mar. 02, 1961 8.50 1,340 1962 Mar. 29, 1962 12.95 10,600 1963 Aug. 02, 1963 9.72 1,880 1964 Apr. 23, 1964 6.972 952 1965 Apr. 06, 1965 12.34 7,700 1966 Mar. 14, 1966 11.502 4,560 1967 Jun. 17, 1967 9.54 1,880 1968 Apr. 23, 1968 3.51 230 1969 Apr. 09, 1969 14.77 33,900 1970 Mar. 06, 1970 11.241 3,350 1971 Mar. 15, 1971 11.501 2,100 1972 Jun. 01, 1972 11.36 5,060 1973 Mar. 08, 1973 10.26 3,010 1974 Mar. 06, 1974 7.571 950 1975 Apr. 22, 1975 6.04 696 1976 Mar. 24, 1976 7.61 1,080 1977 Mar. 13, 1977 10.021 1,750 1978 Mar. 30, 1978 11.812 5,960 1979 Apr. 14, 1979 11.71 4,720 1980 Jun. 25, 1980 11.93 3,820 1981 Jul. 26, 1981 3.01 143 1982 Apr. 01, 1982 6.042 718 1983 Mar. 07, 1983 11.16 3,300 1984 Jun. 22, 1984 13.70 13,700 1985 Mar. 19, 1985 12.51 8,440 1986 May 12, 1986 12.322 6,690 1987 Mar. 27, 1987 8.02 2,400 1988 Mar. 26, 1988 6.182 950 1989 Mar. 28, 1989 9.18 1,900 1990 Jun. 21, 1990 9.85 1,990 1991 Jun. 25, 1991 8.32 1,430 https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/peak?site_no=06480000&agency_cd=USGS&format=html 2/4 2019/5/3 USGS Surface Water for USA: Peak Streamflow Water Year ? Gage Height (feet) Date Streamflow (cfs) 1992 Jun. 20, 1992 12.28 5,760 1993 Jul. 04, 1993 13.50 13,300 1994 Jun. 25, 1994 12.08 5,660 1995 Apr. 20, 1995 11.90 6,910 1996 May 30, 1996 10.212 2,990 1997 Apr. 02, 1997 13.022 11,000 1998 Apr. 10, 1998 8.55 2,180 1999 Apr. 11, 1999 7.96 1,870 2000 May 19, 2000 4.86 683 2001 Apr. 24, 2001 11.692 6,680 2002 Apr. 02, 2002 8.79 2,340 2003 Mar. 20, 2003 5.782 965 2004 Sep. 26, 2004 4.442 521 2005 Jun. 17, 2005 6.15 1,020 2006 Apr. 03, 2006 9.45 2,790 2007 Mar. 15, 2007 12.09 6,520 2008 Jun. 10, 2008 9.55 2,780 2009 Mar. 28, 2009 10.84 3,740 2010 Sep. 25, 2010 13.66 19,800 2011 Mar. 24, 2011 13.33 15,400 2012 May 09, 2012 9.06 2,520 2013 Jun. 29, 2013 10.47 3,480 2014 Jun. 10, 2014 7.662 1,840 2015 Aug. 22, 2015 6.54 1,320 2016 Jun. 19, 2016 5.532 1,020 2017 May 25, 2017 7.402 1,710 Peak Gage-Height Qualification Codes. 1 -- Gage height affected by backwater 2 -- Gage height not the maximum for the year https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/peak?site_no=06480000&agency_cd=USGS&format=html 3/4 2019/5/3 USGS Surface Water for USA: Peak Streamflow Questions about sites/data? Feedback on this web site Automated retrievals Help Data Tips Explanation of terms Subscribe for system changes News Accessibility Plug-Ins FOIA Privacy Policies and Notices U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey Title: Surface Water for USA: Peak Streamflow URL: https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/peak? Page Contact Information: USGS Water Data Support Team Page Last Modified: 2019-05-03 22:43:13 EDT 0.85 0.36 nadww01 https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/peak?site_no=06480000&agency_cd=USGS&format=html 4/4 2019/5/3 Water Resources of the United States—National Water Information System (NWIS) Mapper National Water Information System: Map View Sites Map Layers Search Results 06479512 BIG SIOUX R AT BROADWAY AT WATERTOWN, SD 06479515 WILLOW CR NEAR WATERTOWN,SD 06479520 BIG SIOUX RIVER BELOW WATERTOWN, SD 06479525 BIG SIOUX R NEAR CASTLEWOOD,SD 06479770 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BRUCE, SD 06480000 BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD 06480650 FLANDREAU CR ABOVE FLANDREAU SD 06481000 BIG SIOUX R NEAR DELL RAPIDS,SD 06481400 BIG SIOUX RIVER BELOW DIVERSION AT SIOUX FALLS, SD 06481480 SKUNK CR NR CHESTER,SD Site Information Site Number: 06480000 Site Name: BIG SIOUX RIVER NEAR BROOKINGS,SD Agency: USGS Access Data SKUNK CREEK NEAR Search Parameters Explanation of Symbols 0 15 30‫ﻣﯾل‬ …ml&column_name=agency_cd&column_name=site_no&column_name=station_nm&column_name=site_tp_cd&column_name=dec_lat_va&column_name=dec_long_va&column_name=agency_use_cd 1/1 A screen shot of the USGS stream gauge network for the state of South Dakota. https://maps.waterdata.usgs.gov/mapper/nwisquery.html?URL=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/sd/nwis/cu rrent?type=flow&group_key=basin_cd&format=sitefile_output&sitefile_output_format=xml&column_n ame=agency_cd&column_name=site_no&column_name=station_nm&column_name=site_tp_cd&colu mn_name=dec_lat_va&column_name=dec_long_va&column_name=agency_use_cd You can click on the labeled points on the map or locate your watershed in the left column. The National Climate Data Center keeps climate data for a variety of sites within the state of South Dakota. The main url for the mapper site is: https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/maps/ncei/summaries/daily Once on that page, select precipitation on the left column and update the map. You can use the wrench on the menu on the left to access the map tools menu. You can choose polygon to draw a polygon on the map to find the weather stations which you can then access on the left menu as shown below. Alternately, you can access https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/ and use the search menus either for the station name or use the map. Once a station is located, you can query the data available and the form it may be in (daily, monthly, annual, summary statistics, etc.). Once you identify which station you want, you can access data for download as a bulk text file or month by month. I chose Brookings and this tab came up. You can choose to add data to your cart for the station or choose to View Data View data with month by month summary Soils are accessible from the NRCS Soil Data Mart https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm Click the large green button that has text ‘Start WSS’. Your pointer starts as a crosshair that you can use to zoom in on South Dakota or your particular watershed area which you identified from the USGS map. Once you have the map zoomed in to where you want to find out data, draw you AOI (Area of Interest) or use the Quick Navigation > Hydrologic Unit (you will need the Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) from your USGS gauge description for this. Once zoomed into this region, you can draw a general AOI (less than 100,000 acres) and access the soil page which would then list all the soils in the AOI. Find the largest percentage soil type and access that type. A pop up window will come up with lots of information on the area that you can use in the report. The information below is for a section of Day County shown on the map. The resulting description found from clicking on the Forman-Buse-Aastad soil is shown below. Day County, South Dakota FoB—Forman-Buse-Aastad loams, 1 to 6 percent slopes Map Unit Setting       National map unit symbol: g002 Elevation: 1,000 to 2,000 feet Mean annual precipitation: 19 to 29 inches Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F Frost-free period: 120 to 160 days Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland Map Unit Composition      Forman and similar soils: 40 percent Buse and similar soils: 30 percent Aastad and similar soils: 20 percent Minor components: 10 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Forman Setting  Landform: Plains     Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Loamy till Typical profile    H1 - 0 to 8 inches: loam H2 - 8 to 15 inches: clay loam H3 - 15 to 60 inches: clay loam Properties and qualities            Slope: 2 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.57 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 30 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 2 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to slightly saline (0.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.6 inches) Interpretive groups       Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Loamy (R102AY010SD) Forage suitability group: Loam (G102AY100SD) Hydric soil rating: No Description of Buse Setting      Landform: Plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Convex Parent material: Loamy till Typical profile  H1 - 0 to 7 inches: loam   H2 - 7 to 22 inches: clay loam H3 - 22 to 60 inches: clay loam Properties and qualities          Slope: 3 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.57 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 40 percent Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.4 inches) Interpretive groups       Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Thin Upland (R102AY012SD) Forage suitability group: Limy Upland (G102AY400SD) Hydric soil rating: No Description of Aastad Setting      Landform: Swales Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Concave Parent material: Loamy till Typical profile    H1 - 0 to 14 inches: loam H2 - 14 to 29 inches: clay loam H3 - 29 to 60 inches: clay loam Properties and qualities     Slope: 1 to 2 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.57 in/hr)       Depth to water table: About 30 to 48 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 30 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 1 percent Available water storage in profile: High (about 9.8 inches) Interpretive groups       Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 1 Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: Loamy Overflow (R102AY020SD) Forage suitability group: Overflow (G102AY500SD) Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Kranzburg        Percent of map unit: 6 percent Landform: Plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Loamy (R102AY010SD) Hydric soil rating: No La prairie        Percent of map unit: 2 percent Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Loamy (R102AY010SD) Hydric soil rating: No Parnell       Percent of map unit: 2 percent Landform: Potholes Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Concave Across-slope shape: Concave Ecological site: Shallow Marsh (R102AY001SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes 2019/5/5 Contact Us Web Soil Survey Subscribe Area of Interest (AOI) Archived Soil Surveys Soil Survey Status Soil Map Glossary Soil Data Explorer Preferences Link Logout Download Soils Data A A Help Printable Version Search A Shopping Cart (Free) Add to Shopping Cart SoilUnit MapDescription Map Map Unit Legend Scale (not to scale) Printable Version Report — Map Unit Description loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded Brookings County, South Dakota Z256A—Ludden, moderately saline-Ludden silty clays, 0 to 1 percent slopes, frequently flooded Map Unit Setting Z169A Fordtown, rarely floodedSpottswood, ocassionally flooded, loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes 28.3 Z173C RenshawSioux complex, coteau, 6 to 9 percent slopes 51.7 0.4% National map unit symbol: 2rkyr Elevation: 1,000 to 2,000 feet Mean annual precipitation: 19 to 29 inches Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F Frost-free period: 120 to 160 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition 0.7% Ludden, moderately saline, frequently flooded, and similar soils: 45 percent Ludden, frequently flooded, and similar soils: 40 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Ludden, Moderately Saline, Frequently Flooded Setting Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Clayey alluvium Typical profile A - 0 to 9 inches: silty clay Bg - 9 to 22 inches: silty clay Bkg - 22 to 40 inches: clay Cg - 40 to 60 inches: clay Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Poorly drained FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy Non-Discrimination Statement | Information Quality | USA.gov | White House Capacity of the most| limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 6 to 18 inches Frequency of flooding: Frequent Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 25 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 4 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Moderately saline to strongly saline (8.0 to 16.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 4.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 6.8 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4w https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx 1/4 2019/5/5 Web Soil Survey Hydrologic Soil Group: C/D Ecological site: Linear Meadow (R102AY002SD) Forage suitability group: Wet (G102AY900SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes Description of Ludden, Frequently Flooded Setting Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Clayey alluvium Typical profile A - 0 to 9 inches: silty clay Bg - 9 to 22 inches: silty clay Bkg - 22 to 40 inches: clay Cg - 40 to 60 inches: clay Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Poorly drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 6 to 18 inches Frequency of flooding: Frequent Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 25 percent Gypsum, maximum in profile: 2 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to moderately saline (0.0 to 8.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 2.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 6.8 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4w Hydrologic Soil Group: C/D Ecological site: Linear Meadow (R102AY002SD) Forage suitability group: Wet (G102AY900SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes Minor Components Lowe, occasionally flooded Percent of map unit: 9 percent Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Subirrigated (R102AY003SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes Lamoure, occasionally flooded Percent of map unit: 3 percent Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Subirrigated (R102AY003SD) Hydric soil rating: No Marysland, occasionally flooded Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Flood plains on outwash plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Subirrigated (R102AY003SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx 2/4 2019/5/5 Web Soil Survey Rauville, frequently flooded Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Flood plains on outwash plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Linear Meadow (R102AY002SD) Hydric soil rating: Yes Moritz, occasionally flooded Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Flood plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Limy Subirrigated (R102AY006SD) Hydric soil rating: No Description — Map Unit Description Detailed Soil Map Units The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in this report, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named, soils that are similar to the named components, and some minor components that differ in use and management from the major soils. Most of the soils similar to the major components have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Some minor components, however, have properties and behavior characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. All the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx 3/4 2019/5/5 Web Soil Survey arrangement. Soils of a given series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. Additional information about the map units described in this report is available in other soil reports, which give properties of the soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for many uses. Also, the narratives that accompany the soil reports define some of the properties included in the map unit descriptions. https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx 4/4 NOAA NATIONAL CENTERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION Home Climate Information Data Access Customer Support Contact About Search Q Home > Climate Data Online > Station Details > Datasets Search Tool Mapping Tool | Data Tools | Help Cart (Free Date I Daily Summaries Station Details المفقود VIOLONE Castlewood STATION DETAILS Car فال الزامات Hayti Brandt Porte بران : بازدید ant Lake Norden WI Estelline Toronto CD عمل می Name BROOKINGS 1.4 SW, SD US Network:ID GHCND:US1SDBK0003 Latitude/Longitude 44.28990,-96.8021° Elevation 494,1 m Hendricks (81 اواهر در این Ivanhoe (30 White مع اولينهونه Arlington انواع Volga Brongs 14 PERIOD OF RECORD اليك يعسوب أولدهام 210 لكونه Lake Benton Oldham Elkton 30 Start Date: 2007-08-03 End Date: 2019-05-03 175 19 امونا Ramona ei Rutland هولاند Holland للاندرو Data Coverage 7195 Flandreau عاده مورد Winfred + گولان Colman 32 Pipesto 23 ADD TO CART الم المكيا Trent Chester Goala Map data ©2019 Google 10 البالغ عن خطأ في الخريطة شروط الاستخدام
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Attached.

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Hydrologic study of Big Sioux River watershed: Brookings

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A. Abstract
This study is mainly focus on the precipitation, evaporation, stream flow, and erosion
characteristics of the Big Sioux River Watershed. The Big Sioux River watershed is
located near Brookings, SD-06480000-Brookings, South Dakota. In determining the
classification of watershed, there were many methods that we could used to, such; the
precipitation, stream flow, evaporation of a certain watershed. Hence, in this study, I will
perform these methods in order to evaluate how the Big Sioux River Watershed handle
the safety of the watershed from its location.
B. Introduction
The BSRW can possibly be turned out to be a standout amongst the best execution
extends in the area due to its novel structure and land design. Exceedingly gainful
farming networks, combined with encompassing allowed stormwater districts, give the
possibility to a huge scale water-quality exchanging venture. Water-quality exchanging
ventures take into account accomplishing water-quality objectives through creative and
proficient strategies. Hence, in this study, the performance of this watershed such the
peak flow, precipitation, the stream flow, water-quality, evaporation will be analyzed.
The recorded data will be calculated in excel and been graphs to indicates the trend and
the statistical analysis of the stream flow.
C. Description of study area
The Big Sioux River Watershed (BSRW) was located in the BROOKINGS 1.4
SW, SD US. This watershed was the tributary of the Missouri River, 419 miles long. The
climate of the Big Sioux River Watershed is sub-humid continental. The temperature
44.057 oF (Latitude) -96.073oF (Longitude) ad of may 01, 2019. Having precipitation of
71% started from August 03, 2007 to May 03, 2019, having 37% of snowfall and 1% of
show depth. Solid surface br...


Anonymous
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