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Gender Role Socialization GRADING SCHEME
Due: Friday 11:55pm of Week 10
Guidelines
Identify at least 4 advertisements
Describe how the men or women in these ads are portrayed
Discuss what these messages teach us about appropriate conduct for men and
women in our society.
Students will be assessed on their ability to incorporate sociological terms and
concepts taken from their knowledge of gender, socialization, and sociology of
the family in interpreting and explaining the underlying meanings and messages
in the advertisements
Reference page & In-text citation format: Include a reference page
following APA guidelines, listing each in-text citation that you included
in your paper on the final page, and entitling it References.
Style & Format: Typed, double-spaced, proof-read, spell-checked,
correct tone, etc.
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The Role Of Listener Assignment.edited
“The best interpersonal relationships are largely intentional. They grow out of the right desire, ample time, and freedo ...
The Role Of Listener Assignment.edited
“The best interpersonal relationships are largely intentional. They grow out of the right desire, ample time, and freedom from ...
MDC The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb Discussion
Discussion #8: The decision to drop the atomic bomb.
Critics have charged that the United States was morally irresponsible ...
MDC The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb Discussion
Discussion #8: The decision to drop the atomic bomb.
Critics have charged that the United States was morally irresponsible in using the atomic weapons against Japan during World War II. Were the United States' actions justified?
In order to prepare for this discussion forum:
Review and identify relevant sections of Chapter 26 to support your discussion.
Read the essay DEBATING THE PAST: THE DECISION TO DROP THE ATOMIC BOMB.
In 2005 a group of historians held a mock trial-Hiroshima: Truman on Trial.
After you have completed your readings post your answers to only ONE of the following questions.
What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dropping the atomic bomb? What is your response to these explanations? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
What are the arguments that have been presented against using the atomic bomb? What is your response to these arguments? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
Review the trial and cast your verdict. How do you find President Truman? Guilty or Not Guilty? Discuss why you reached that decision.
Federalism
FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within ...
Federalism
FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For your first Journal please choose from one of the articles listed below.McCain proposes $7.5 billion of new U.S. military funding for Asia-PacificHow Much Do States Rely on Federal Funding?Raising the Gas Tax Is No Longer Taboo In Many StatesCalifornia Engages World, and Fights Washington, on Climate ChangeAs you review the articles, you will find that some are fairly direct while other reveal the complexity of federal issues. Chose the article that you are most comfortable with and then fully address each of the following requirements:Summary - Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.Application - Apply three or more concepts from the assigned chapter in your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook. You must clearly define the concepts and provide in-text citations in the APA format, including the page number(s). Analysis - Conclude with an analysis and reflection of the issue that includes reasoning related to concepts within POS 2041 an analysis of the article perspective. Does the article present the issue in a way that influences as well as informs. Lastly, include your own observations of the issue, the actions of those involved or an anticipated outcome related to your understanding of the concepts covered within the course.Please specifically identify each section by number and title.Please read through Step-by-step instructions for Written Assignment success!for tips on how to effectively complete the Written Assignments for this class.In order to receive credit, you are required to:Divide your essay into sections/paragraphs by number and title. (i.e. 1. Summary; 2. Application; 3. Analysis)Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 10 points.Provide comprehensive analysis by using the textbook and other course materials as the primary source of information.Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit your essay in at least 500 words. Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit the essay within the due date.No late submission will be allowed or graded unless it involves a documented emergency or accommodation.Avoid using any quotation. Use paraphrasing instead.Quotations will not count toward the length requirement.Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.Penalties for not providing in-text citations and/or references will range from 5 to 30 points.See the following links for specific information on how to provide in-text citations and references.FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For your first Journal please choose from one of the articles listed below.McCain proposes $7.5 billion of new U.S. military funding for Asia-PacificHow Much Do States Rely on Federal Funding?Raising the Gas Tax Is No Longer Taboo In Many StatesCalifornia Engages World, and Fights Washington, on Climate ChangeAs you review the articles, you will find that some are fairly direct while other reveal the complexity of federal issues. Chose the article that you are most comfortable with and then fully address each of the following requirements:Summary - Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.Application - Apply three or more concepts from the assigned chapter in your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook. You must clearly define the concepts and provide in-text citations in the APA format, including the page number(s). Analysis - Conclude with an analysis and reflection of the issue that includes reasoning related to concepts within POS 2041 an analysis of the article perspective. Does the article present the issue in a way that influences as well as informs. Lastly, include your own observations of the issue, the actions of those involved or an anticipated outcome related to your understanding of the concepts covered within the course.Please specifically identify each section by number and title.Please read through Step-by-step instructions for Written Assignment success!for tips on how to effectively complete the Written Assignments for this class.In order to receive credit, you are required to:Divide your essay into sections/paragraphs by number and title. (i.e. 1. Summary; 2. Application; 3. Analysis)Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 10 points.Provide comprehensive analysis by using the textbook and other course materials as the primary source of information.Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit your essay in at least 500 words. Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit the essay within the due date.No late submission will be allowed or graded unless it involves a documented emergency or accommodation.Avoid using any quotation. Use paraphrasing instead.Quotations will not count toward the length requirement.Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.Penalties for not providing in-text citations and/or references will range from 5 to 30 points.See the following links for specific information on how to provide in-text citations and references.
5-3 Assignment: Feedback and Revision Reflection
Feedback, and revision reflection. Requirements are attached in PDF. Please let me know if you have any questions. I will ...
5-3 Assignment: Feedback and Revision Reflection
Feedback, and revision reflection. Requirements are attached in PDF. Please let me know if you have any questions. I will provide you with whatever info you need. I will help as much as I can.
PSY 838 Grand Canyon University Week4 Performance Appraisal Techniques Essay
Poorly designed appraisal systems often have negative consequences. Compare and contrast the rating approach to work perfo ...
PSY 838 Grand Canyon University Week4 Performance Appraisal Techniques Essay
Poorly designed appraisal systems often have negative consequences. Compare and contrast the rating approach to work performance assessment. Argue for the best ratings approach (consider: BARS, checklists, employee comparison procedures, graphic ratings scales, etc.).
Essay 1-2 political science
Please follow instructions do not get google answers you will need follow this to complete assignments I will attach video ...
Essay 1-2 political science
Please follow instructions do not get google answers you will need follow this to complete assignments I will attach video toVideo:http://www.wwnorton.com/college/polisci/american-p...13. The Presidency, Primus Inter Pares? lecture summaryThe Presidency, Primus Inter Pares?Objectives:Review the development of the Presidency, public expectations, roles, and personality types.Readings:Lowi, Chapter 13 and Canon, Chapter 13Visit Website:www.whitehouse.govLecture Summary:The Presidency is the most powerful office in the world. The Framers of the Constitution gave less written substance to the office, just a few paragraphs in the Constitution than Congress. Much of what we experience of the Presidency is a product of the 20th Century. As America developed into first a world power, and then a superpower, the office became more important.The Presidency is much more complex than when John Adams grazed cows on the White House lawn in 1800. The President has public expectations to deal with. He/she has complex roles to fulfill. Finally, the President brings their personality, life experiences, and beliefs to the office. The public expects the chief executive to be a combination Clint Eastwood/Mother Teresa all at the same time. They expect a leader to be tough, deliberate, and omnipotent- George Bush Sr.- "this will not stand". At the same time they expect a president to be kind, caring, and considerate- Bill Clinton- "I feel your pain".Each leader has five major roles to execute: chief of state, chief executive, chief legislator, chief diplomat, and chief bureaucrat. The chief of state role is one of ceremonial importance. The president acts as a symbol of the state. There is no real political power exercised here. Formal dinners, ship launchings, and the giving of awards are some of the functions within the role. Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom or Emperor Akahito of Japan are examples of chiefs of state in other countries.The chief executive role is one of real political power. The president in this situation is a political, partisan, and military leader. The chief executive makes political decisions and formulates public policy. In a nutshell, the chief executive is the head of government. Examples of chief executives elsewhere include prime ministers David Cameron in the UK and Naito Kan in Japan.The chief legislator role involves the president formulating, writing, and pressuring Congress for specific legislation such as the national budget or educational policy. In the United States, the presidency proposes most major legislation.The chief diplomat is the fourth role of the American president. This role involves the creation and administration of foreign policy. The Constitution assigns this responsibility to the ExecutiveBranch. The final role of the president is chief bureaucrat. In this role, he/she is the titular head of the bureaucracy. He/she is the sole elected administrator, responsible to the electorate.James David Barber, in his 1992 work, Presidential Personality: Predicting Performance, theorized that chief executives are affected by their personalities and life experiences. Barber created a matrix with two axes, active/passive and positive/negative.Active Positive Passive-Positiveloves job easy goingLoves a challenge affableOne the go personality likes people----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Active Negative Passive Negativecompulsively active motivated by duty life is a struggle burdened by responsibilityPerceives enemies everywhere low self esteemThe active positive president is active, loves challenges, and loves their job. Theodore Roosevelt, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton are examples of the active positive personality. Roosevelt, despite being legally blind and asthmatic, became the youngest president ever to take office. He saw his office as "a bully pulpit". One can refer to the active positive personality as the president that "takes a licking and keeps on ticking". The passive positive president loves people and likes to be admired. To the passive positive personality, every new person is like a friend they haven't met before. Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan are examples of these personalities. Both were likable, warm individuals in the presidency.The active negative personality is out to prove themselves. They perceive threats everywhere. Examples of this personality include Richard Nixon and Lyndon Johnson. Both were of humble circumstances and were out to prove their ability. For both, the price was very high. Nixon lost office because of the Watergate break-in and Johnson because of the Vietnam conflict. Both were popular but lost all by making poor decisions in their greatest leadership tests.The last personality, passive positive, is probably the most maligned. These personalities see their job as a duty to be endured. Much like the soldier who knows doing his/her duty is going to be hell, but it's their job to do. Calvin Coolidge and Dwight Eisenhower are two examples. Coolidge remained in the presidency, struggling with deep depression, after the death of his young son. Eisenhower, remained in the White House after suffering from two major heart attacks.The Vice-Presidency has risen in importance in the 20th and 21st centuries. It is no longer the political morgue it once was. The Vice-President's formal role is limited to presiding over the Senate and casting only a tie-breaking vote. Most vice-presidents such as John Adams and John Nance Garner saw the office as a dead end. Garner referred to the office "not being worth a pitcher of warm piss". Adams noted the office as "the most insignificant office ever devised".The office has become more important in its informal role. Presidents have come to recognize the assistance their vice-president can offer as not only a stand in for chief of state functions, but also as an adviser and helpmate. Vice-presidents no longer are "out of the loop" as in Harry Truman's brief tenure. He recognized, as well as future presidents, the importance of involving their Veep's. Nearly every twenty years since 1840, a vice-president has filled the presidency on the death of executive. In the 20th century, Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry Truman, Lyndon Johnson, and Gerald Ford became president on death or resignation. Only Ford was not re-elected in his own right.The Constitution also recognizes the issue of presidential disability since the 1960's. Vice-presidents can temporarily assume the highest office on illness or brief periods such as a presidential medical procedure. Dick Cheney assumed the Presidency during a presidential medical exam. His medical fitness was also an issue during and after the disputed 2000 election.The First Lady, although unelected, also plays an important role in the Executive. Her role is informal and is primarily structure around what she chooses. Lowi frequently refers to the position as "Queen of America". Former First Lady Hillary Clinton is the exception to the rule in choosing her role. She was far more political than her predecessors, eventually achieving election to the U.S. Senate from New York. Most First Ladies have found more traditional, non-political interpretations. Most have assisted the President in meeting the ceremonial obligations of "chief of state". Former First Lady Laura Bush has adopted literacy, much like her mother-in-law Barbara Bush. Rosalynn Carter was Jimmy Carter's closest adviser and confidant, frequently attending meetings in a low-key role.The position, like the Vice-Presidency is constantly evolving. Each First Lady will find her way in the position as society and expectations change. The election of a married female chief excutive will put "a new spin" on the role just as Britons experienced with the election of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.The Cabinet consists of 15 various department heads for Defense, Agriculture, State, and so on. These department heads, called secretaries, are chosen by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Most are selected for political reasons as well as ability. They are less important than the White House staff and the presidential inner circle, frequently portrayed in the media in programs like "West Wing". These staffers serve at the President's pleasure and aren't subject to Senate approval.Directions:Answer the following question inlong essay form.Question:1. At times, the Congress has been the dominant branch of government. At other times, the Presidency has predominated. Describe the changes in the relationship between the two through American history. What factors contributed to the resurgence of the Presidency? Which of the two branches dominates now? Why do think so?Question:2. Presidents have constitutional, institutional, and political sources of power. Which of the three accounts for most of the powers of the office? Is it, in fact, possible to discern among these the true source of presidential power? Select a president and discuss the ways in which that particular president used each source of power to succeed in the office.
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The Role Of Listener Assignment.edited
“The best interpersonal relationships are largely intentional. They grow out of the right desire, ample time, and freedo ...
The Role Of Listener Assignment.edited
“The best interpersonal relationships are largely intentional. They grow out of the right desire, ample time, and freedom from ...
MDC The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb Discussion
Discussion #8: The decision to drop the atomic bomb.
Critics have charged that the United States was morally irresponsible ...
MDC The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb Discussion
Discussion #8: The decision to drop the atomic bomb.
Critics have charged that the United States was morally irresponsible in using the atomic weapons against Japan during World War II. Were the United States' actions justified?
In order to prepare for this discussion forum:
Review and identify relevant sections of Chapter 26 to support your discussion.
Read the essay DEBATING THE PAST: THE DECISION TO DROP THE ATOMIC BOMB.
In 2005 a group of historians held a mock trial-Hiroshima: Truman on Trial.
After you have completed your readings post your answers to only ONE of the following questions.
What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dropping the atomic bomb? What is your response to these explanations? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
What are the arguments that have been presented against using the atomic bomb? What is your response to these arguments? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
Review the trial and cast your verdict. How do you find President Truman? Guilty or Not Guilty? Discuss why you reached that decision.
Federalism
FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within ...
Federalism
FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For your first Journal please choose from one of the articles listed below.McCain proposes $7.5 billion of new U.S. military funding for Asia-PacificHow Much Do States Rely on Federal Funding?Raising the Gas Tax Is No Longer Taboo In Many StatesCalifornia Engages World, and Fights Washington, on Climate ChangeAs you review the articles, you will find that some are fairly direct while other reveal the complexity of federal issues. Chose the article that you are most comfortable with and then fully address each of the following requirements:Summary - Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.Application - Apply three or more concepts from the assigned chapter in your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook. You must clearly define the concepts and provide in-text citations in the APA format, including the page number(s). Analysis - Conclude with an analysis and reflection of the issue that includes reasoning related to concepts within POS 2041 an analysis of the article perspective. Does the article present the issue in a way that influences as well as informs. Lastly, include your own observations of the issue, the actions of those involved or an anticipated outcome related to your understanding of the concepts covered within the course.Please specifically identify each section by number and title.Please read through Step-by-step instructions for Written Assignment success!for tips on how to effectively complete the Written Assignments for this class.In order to receive credit, you are required to:Divide your essay into sections/paragraphs by number and title. (i.e. 1. Summary; 2. Application; 3. Analysis)Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 10 points.Provide comprehensive analysis by using the textbook and other course materials as the primary source of information.Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit your essay in at least 500 words. Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit the essay within the due date.No late submission will be allowed or graded unless it involves a documented emergency or accommodation.Avoid using any quotation. Use paraphrasing instead.Quotations will not count toward the length requirement.Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.Penalties for not providing in-text citations and/or references will range from 5 to 30 points.See the following links for specific information on how to provide in-text citations and references.FederalismNews Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For your first Journal please choose from one of the articles listed below.McCain proposes $7.5 billion of new U.S. military funding for Asia-PacificHow Much Do States Rely on Federal Funding?Raising the Gas Tax Is No Longer Taboo In Many StatesCalifornia Engages World, and Fights Washington, on Climate ChangeAs you review the articles, you will find that some are fairly direct while other reveal the complexity of federal issues. Chose the article that you are most comfortable with and then fully address each of the following requirements:Summary - Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.Application - Apply three or more concepts from the assigned chapter in your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook. You must clearly define the concepts and provide in-text citations in the APA format, including the page number(s). Analysis - Conclude with an analysis and reflection of the issue that includes reasoning related to concepts within POS 2041 an analysis of the article perspective. Does the article present the issue in a way that influences as well as informs. Lastly, include your own observations of the issue, the actions of those involved or an anticipated outcome related to your understanding of the concepts covered within the course.Please specifically identify each section by number and title.Please read through Step-by-step instructions for Written Assignment success!for tips on how to effectively complete the Written Assignments for this class.In order to receive credit, you are required to:Divide your essay into sections/paragraphs by number and title. (i.e. 1. Summary; 2. Application; 3. Analysis)Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 10 points.Provide comprehensive analysis by using the textbook and other course materials as the primary source of information.Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit your essay in at least 500 words. Penalties for not following the length requirement will range from 5 to 40 points.Submit the essay within the due date.No late submission will be allowed or graded unless it involves a documented emergency or accommodation.Avoid using any quotation. Use paraphrasing instead.Quotations will not count toward the length requirement.Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.Penalties for not providing in-text citations and/or references will range from 5 to 30 points.See the following links for specific information on how to provide in-text citations and references.
5-3 Assignment: Feedback and Revision Reflection
Feedback, and revision reflection. Requirements are attached in PDF. Please let me know if you have any questions. I will ...
5-3 Assignment: Feedback and Revision Reflection
Feedback, and revision reflection. Requirements are attached in PDF. Please let me know if you have any questions. I will provide you with whatever info you need. I will help as much as I can.
PSY 838 Grand Canyon University Week4 Performance Appraisal Techniques Essay
Poorly designed appraisal systems often have negative consequences. Compare and contrast the rating approach to work perfo ...
PSY 838 Grand Canyon University Week4 Performance Appraisal Techniques Essay
Poorly designed appraisal systems often have negative consequences. Compare and contrast the rating approach to work performance assessment. Argue for the best ratings approach (consider: BARS, checklists, employee comparison procedures, graphic ratings scales, etc.).
Essay 1-2 political science
Please follow instructions do not get google answers you will need follow this to complete assignments I will attach video ...
Essay 1-2 political science
Please follow instructions do not get google answers you will need follow this to complete assignments I will attach video toVideo:http://www.wwnorton.com/college/polisci/american-p...13. The Presidency, Primus Inter Pares? lecture summaryThe Presidency, Primus Inter Pares?Objectives:Review the development of the Presidency, public expectations, roles, and personality types.Readings:Lowi, Chapter 13 and Canon, Chapter 13Visit Website:www.whitehouse.govLecture Summary:The Presidency is the most powerful office in the world. The Framers of the Constitution gave less written substance to the office, just a few paragraphs in the Constitution than Congress. Much of what we experience of the Presidency is a product of the 20th Century. As America developed into first a world power, and then a superpower, the office became more important.The Presidency is much more complex than when John Adams grazed cows on the White House lawn in 1800. The President has public expectations to deal with. He/she has complex roles to fulfill. Finally, the President brings their personality, life experiences, and beliefs to the office. The public expects the chief executive to be a combination Clint Eastwood/Mother Teresa all at the same time. They expect a leader to be tough, deliberate, and omnipotent- George Bush Sr.- "this will not stand". At the same time they expect a president to be kind, caring, and considerate- Bill Clinton- "I feel your pain".Each leader has five major roles to execute: chief of state, chief executive, chief legislator, chief diplomat, and chief bureaucrat. The chief of state role is one of ceremonial importance. The president acts as a symbol of the state. There is no real political power exercised here. Formal dinners, ship launchings, and the giving of awards are some of the functions within the role. Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom or Emperor Akahito of Japan are examples of chiefs of state in other countries.The chief executive role is one of real political power. The president in this situation is a political, partisan, and military leader. The chief executive makes political decisions and formulates public policy. In a nutshell, the chief executive is the head of government. Examples of chief executives elsewhere include prime ministers David Cameron in the UK and Naito Kan in Japan.The chief legislator role involves the president formulating, writing, and pressuring Congress for specific legislation such as the national budget or educational policy. In the United States, the presidency proposes most major legislation.The chief diplomat is the fourth role of the American president. This role involves the creation and administration of foreign policy. The Constitution assigns this responsibility to the ExecutiveBranch. The final role of the president is chief bureaucrat. In this role, he/she is the titular head of the bureaucracy. He/she is the sole elected administrator, responsible to the electorate.James David Barber, in his 1992 work, Presidential Personality: Predicting Performance, theorized that chief executives are affected by their personalities and life experiences. Barber created a matrix with two axes, active/passive and positive/negative.Active Positive Passive-Positiveloves job easy goingLoves a challenge affableOne the go personality likes people----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Active Negative Passive Negativecompulsively active motivated by duty life is a struggle burdened by responsibilityPerceives enemies everywhere low self esteemThe active positive president is active, loves challenges, and loves their job. Theodore Roosevelt, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton are examples of the active positive personality. Roosevelt, despite being legally blind and asthmatic, became the youngest president ever to take office. He saw his office as "a bully pulpit". One can refer to the active positive personality as the president that "takes a licking and keeps on ticking". The passive positive president loves people and likes to be admired. To the passive positive personality, every new person is like a friend they haven't met before. Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan are examples of these personalities. Both were likable, warm individuals in the presidency.The active negative personality is out to prove themselves. They perceive threats everywhere. Examples of this personality include Richard Nixon and Lyndon Johnson. Both were of humble circumstances and were out to prove their ability. For both, the price was very high. Nixon lost office because of the Watergate break-in and Johnson because of the Vietnam conflict. Both were popular but lost all by making poor decisions in their greatest leadership tests.The last personality, passive positive, is probably the most maligned. These personalities see their job as a duty to be endured. Much like the soldier who knows doing his/her duty is going to be hell, but it's their job to do. Calvin Coolidge and Dwight Eisenhower are two examples. Coolidge remained in the presidency, struggling with deep depression, after the death of his young son. Eisenhower, remained in the White House after suffering from two major heart attacks.The Vice-Presidency has risen in importance in the 20th and 21st centuries. It is no longer the political morgue it once was. The Vice-President's formal role is limited to presiding over the Senate and casting only a tie-breaking vote. Most vice-presidents such as John Adams and John Nance Garner saw the office as a dead end. Garner referred to the office "not being worth a pitcher of warm piss". Adams noted the office as "the most insignificant office ever devised".The office has become more important in its informal role. Presidents have come to recognize the assistance their vice-president can offer as not only a stand in for chief of state functions, but also as an adviser and helpmate. Vice-presidents no longer are "out of the loop" as in Harry Truman's brief tenure. He recognized, as well as future presidents, the importance of involving their Veep's. Nearly every twenty years since 1840, a vice-president has filled the presidency on the death of executive. In the 20th century, Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry Truman, Lyndon Johnson, and Gerald Ford became president on death or resignation. Only Ford was not re-elected in his own right.The Constitution also recognizes the issue of presidential disability since the 1960's. Vice-presidents can temporarily assume the highest office on illness or brief periods such as a presidential medical procedure. Dick Cheney assumed the Presidency during a presidential medical exam. His medical fitness was also an issue during and after the disputed 2000 election.The First Lady, although unelected, also plays an important role in the Executive. Her role is informal and is primarily structure around what she chooses. Lowi frequently refers to the position as "Queen of America". Former First Lady Hillary Clinton is the exception to the rule in choosing her role. She was far more political than her predecessors, eventually achieving election to the U.S. Senate from New York. Most First Ladies have found more traditional, non-political interpretations. Most have assisted the President in meeting the ceremonial obligations of "chief of state". Former First Lady Laura Bush has adopted literacy, much like her mother-in-law Barbara Bush. Rosalynn Carter was Jimmy Carter's closest adviser and confidant, frequently attending meetings in a low-key role.The position, like the Vice-Presidency is constantly evolving. Each First Lady will find her way in the position as society and expectations change. The election of a married female chief excutive will put "a new spin" on the role just as Britons experienced with the election of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.The Cabinet consists of 15 various department heads for Defense, Agriculture, State, and so on. These department heads, called secretaries, are chosen by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Most are selected for political reasons as well as ability. They are less important than the White House staff and the presidential inner circle, frequently portrayed in the media in programs like "West Wing". These staffers serve at the President's pleasure and aren't subject to Senate approval.Directions:Answer the following question inlong essay form.Question:1. At times, the Congress has been the dominant branch of government. At other times, the Presidency has predominated. Describe the changes in the relationship between the two through American history. What factors contributed to the resurgence of the Presidency? Which of the two branches dominates now? Why do think so?Question:2. Presidents have constitutional, institutional, and political sources of power. Which of the three accounts for most of the powers of the office? Is it, in fact, possible to discern among these the true source of presidential power? Select a president and discuss the ways in which that particular president used each source of power to succeed in the office.
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