NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Clinical Practice Project (CPP) Research: Module 3
Assignment Objectives:
• Extend academic experience into areas of nursing practice interest, working with new
ideas, issues, organizations, and individuals.
• Demonstrate the ability to think and act critically and creatively about nursing
practice issues.
• Develop analytical and ethical leadership skills necessary to address and help solve
these issues.
• Utilize evidence based research and demonstrate proficiency in written and
communication skills.
Assignment Instructions:
This week you are going to respond to the last questions that will help you complete your
project, discuss EBP and further research, and identify stakeholders and resources. Lastly,
you will give an overall update of your project.
Last week you answered the following questions:
1. What are the scope, duration, and history of the problem?
2. What data is available to describe the problem?
3. What are the implications of the problem?
4. How does/will your selected organization support your topic?
This week you should be able to answer the following questions:
1. What are the gaps in the existing data?
2. What types of additional research might be useful?
3. Who are your stakeholders?
4. What are you needed resources?
In the template below you will answer the last several questions above. Your answers
should be based on supporting evidence. You may need to review the information from your
EBP course. Be attentive to the instructions and remember you are professional nurses;
writing and thought processes should be indicative of scholarly writing.
This week’s assignment is the first of five assignments to complete your Clinical Practice
Project (CPP). Each weekly assignment will build upon the last one. It is very important that
you follow the directions carefully and review your teachers document/grading rubric for
comments so that you can improve each week.
To complete this assignment type in the boxes below, the boxes will expand as you type. Be
sure to save your document frequently. Points will be deducted for incomplete work,
spelling/grammar errors, lack of thought and use of abbreviations. All content must be in
your own words, not directly quoted; however you must provide supportive details by using
in text citations (Journal Article references at the end of the form-please see your rubric
for an explanation of refereed Journals). This assignment is worth 25 points...be sure your
work reflects 25 points.
Last updated: 06/06/2019
© 2019 School of Nursing Ohio University
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NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Change the FONT to red to highlight your revisions from the module two template.
Student Name
Narretha Ofori
Date:
06/01/2019
Project Topic:
QSEN Competency: (example, Patient-centered Care)
Engage with the relevant stakeholders to ensure that
the nurses and medical teams rely on evidence based
Evidence-based practice (QSEN, n.d.).
practices and resources when handling patients. I will
assure this by offering nurses and medical teams with
vital information from sources such as randomized
control units, expert opinions, case reports, scientific
principles and scientific methods like qualitative and
descriptive research.
QSEN Definition: Define your QSEN Competency in your own words (paraphrase) using the QSEN.org web
site>competencies>graduate KSAS, (example: for competency Patient-Centered Care the definition on the web
site is Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate
and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values, and needs—take this information then
write your definition in your own words (paraphrasing, remember to cite the QSEN site).
Evidence-based practice revolves around the use and application of the various current or updated pieces of
evidence to the day to day expertise while addressing the desires of the patients or their families in the aim of
delivering the best services (QSEN, n.d.).
List two Knowledge/Skills/Attitudes (KSAs)- use two each (Knowledge/skills/attitudes) from the QSEN.org
web site which are listed under your chosen competency that you think will help you to meet your selected
competency. Then write your KSAS in your own words (paraphrasing/editing related to your specific project—
remember to cite the QSEN site).
Knowledge
Skills
Attitudes
Exhibit the relevant levels of
Engage in the collection of
Learn and appreciate the fact that
Knowledge on the scientific
Information about the underlying
evidence based practices exhibit
processes as well as strategies in
clinical research practices. The
both strengths and weaknesses. The
healthcare (QSEN,n.d.). The
skills that will need to be taught to
attitudes to be changed to
knowledge that will need to be
my target audience entail; skills on implement my CPP are mainly;
given to implement my CPP
patient centered care, skills on
negative attitude towards
successfully is knowledge on
quality improvement and skills on
teamwork, failure to value different
patient safety and quality
safety(Grobbel, & Penprase, 2018) styles of communication used by
improvement in relation to the
patients and healthcare providers
services offered.
Observe the guidelines offered by
and failure to value monitoring of
organizations such as IRB.
healthcare providers (Cook et al.
Be in a position to define the
2018)
concepts of evidence-based
Continually research on the current
Practice which must work together evidence reports in healthcare.
Exhibit high-level compliance with
towards accomplishing the set
the underlying ethical guidelines
goals.
Look for the various topics of
when carrying out evidence-based
interest on evidence-based practice practices.
Define the overall significance of
In the healthcare sector such as;
the use of evidence-based practice
pain management, health policy,
Uphold the concepts of constant
on the clinical setting.
nursing education, quality and
and regular update of the existing
Expound on the significance of the patient safety (Woltz, 2016)
knowledge on evidence-based
use of the latest evidence supported
practices.
by clinical concepts in guaranteeing
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Patient-based services through
Competencies like quality
Improvement, team work and
Collaboration
Discuss Health Care Organization (this is not the facility/organization where you are implementing your
project, may be a nursing organization, or any organization which sets standards, conducts research, or
publishes evidence based literature in relation to your topic) that will help support your project. Discussion
should include the mission/values of the organization (in your own words). Provide citations and references (no
direct quotes).
There exist many organizations that in the end, set rules and regulations meant to provide a safe working or
operating environment for the healthcare practitioners as well as patients (Scott, 2015). In this case, the
organization to look at includes the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, otherwise abbreviated as
AHRQ (2019). This agency deals with the setting of various guidelines and standards that the healthcare
organizations and providers should observe. These guidelines revolve around the provision of a reliable and
effective working environment that in the end, helps to guarantee the safety and better patient outcomes. The
establishment of this agency came from the desire to come up with a body that undertakes research on the issues
surrounding the healthcare sector specializing in healthcare research and projects. This agency will form the
foundation of understanding the implications of the underlying concepts and issues that may affect the overall
quality of care given to the patients. In addition to that, the agency will provide enough assistance when it
comes to the issue of evidence-based research as well as clinical applications. Using the basics of the agency as
stated by Dang & Dearholt (2017), the project will highlight some of the vital issues of concern, such12 as
evidence-based practices and the best ways to improve the overall care offered by the practitioners.
Global Objective: the purpose of a global objective is to provide a vision for your overall project-what are you
developing and implementing-what is your expected impact on patient outcome? It should be broadly stated-in
one sentence. (Do Not Use Any Abbreviations)
By the end of the project, I want to offer a platform that will inform the practitioners particularly nurses on the
significance and importance of the use of evidence-based practice when it comes to the clinical areas of
applications in shaping the outcomes of patient care which are governed by principles such as physical comfort,
emotional support, involvement of family and friends and access to information and education.
Project Objectives: Now your global objective should be broken down into more focused steps. Be sure your
Project Objectives support your Global Objective! How will you achieve your global objective? Be specific.
Write 4 Project Objectives...objectives should start with an action verb! (Do Not Use Any Abbreviations) For
example; Research on...Develop a tool/guide/protocol/policy/process to...Develop and present education to staff
on new tool...Implement new tool on ___number (the number should be adequate to meet your minimum of 1-2
log hours in direct patient contact) of patients to improve (how will your project impact patient outcomes)...
•
Engage in continuous research to identify the challenges affecting nurses when it comes to
implementing evidence-based practices. I will achieve this goal by regularly checking at new research findings
to ascertain methods of improving evidence-based practices.
•
Develop a nurse or practitioner educational strategy meant to inform these parties on the importance of
evidence-based practice. I will achieve this goal by scheduling the training hours for the nurses which will be
set in relation to the time the nurses will be off from work.
•
Research on the various uses or applications of evidence-based practice in the clinical setting. I will
achieve this goal by reading through records from various health centers that relate to how they use and apply
evidence based practice.
• Implement a new strategy meant to champion for lifelong learning for the practitioners and nurses. I will
achieve this goal by encouraging practitioners and nurses on the importance of lifelong learning to their
role.
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Possible Steps to Assist Me in Completing My Project: List at least 4 steps in
your project
(Do Not Use Any Abbreviations)
Week I hope to accomplish
by:
Provide hopeful completion
date
1.
Complete by 5/29/19
2.
Complete by 5/30/19
3.
Complete by 5/31/19
4.
Complete by 6/1/19
5.
Complete by 6/2/19
1. Talk with manager on unit to discuss project.
2. Meet with the management at the hospital to draft a plan for the project.
3. Research on the goals that the hospital, in this case, undertakes in
performing or fulfilling its objectives.
4. Creating a summary of the tools and strategies to use to provide
education to the practitioners on the concepts of evidence-based
practice.
5. Document the goals that the project will need to fulfill at the end of the
Program.
Direct patient engagement: Describe in a one or two sentences how you will provide direct engagement in your
project and how this will impact patient outcomes. Be specific.
This project will involve me engaging directly with the practitioners and patients on the issues of the use and
application of evidence-based practice. In the interactions, the nurses will outline some of the challenges they
encounter when implementing or providing care using the concepts of evidence-based practice. I plan to do this
interaction with patients by; making sure that that I acknowledge my patients emotions, avoid responding
defensively to them and identifying what they need from me and what they care about.
What are the scope, duration and history of the problem? Write 3-4 paragraphs related to your selected problem.
Provide supportive detail. Give supportive data from facility, community, state, or national data to explain why
you feel this is an issue. Your paragraphs should be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted
citations and references.
According to Wolzt (2016) the scope of evidence-based practice in healthcare is viewed from the perspective of
those who carry out research in relation to evidence based practice and those who use the evidence based
practice information. Basing on those who carry out research in relation to evidence based practice three main
steps are involved; first there is knowledge creation and distillation which involves carrying out research and
recording the relevant findings into practice recommendations that ought to be put into action. The other step is
dissemination and diffusion; it entails associating with healthcare organizations and professional leaders to
publicize information therefore forming a commencement of action to prospective users. The final step is final
user institutionalization, implementation and adoption and it ensures that teams, individuals and organizations
use evidence-based research discoveries in their day to day activities (Dang, 2017)
Evidence based practice should be implemented consistently by healthcare providers in all their actions, this is
because; it contains paramount evidence from studies conducted by clinical experts. In addition, when evidence
based practice is carried out in an organizational culture that is supportive and caring, then maximum quality of
care and great patient results can be obtained (Grobbel, 2018)
According to Scott (2015) the history of evidenced based practice in healthcare evolved in the 1800s from
Florence Nightingale then in 1970s it evolved to medical physicians while in 1990s it evolved to nursing
profession. Evidence based practice started as an awareness of offering improved outcomes for patients who
suffered awful and unhygienic conditions and grew into a foundation in which nursing had adopted to help in
offering competent and safe care to patients.
Who does your problem affect? Write 1-2 paragraphs discussing individuals, communities, etc. that are affected
by this problem. Remember to include all parties that are affected. Your paragraph(s) should be professionally
written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and references (there is a reference textbox at the end of
this form. Use it for your references).
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
According to Dang (2017) use of evidence based practice affects people such as physicians, nurses and clerical
staff. This is because, they influence how broadly and quickly the evidence based practices are put into action.
There are various strategies that have been tested in relation to how the use of evidence based practice affects
physicians, nurses and clerical staff and they are mainly: performance gap assessment, audit and feedback and
trying of evidence based practice (Cook, 2018) the performance gap assessment informs physicians, nurses and
clerical staff about the start of change and opportunities for improvement. On the other hand, audit and
feedback helps physicians, nurses and clerical staff to see how their struggles in improving healthcare and
patient outcomes are advancing over time. Lastly, the trying of evidence based practice enables nurses,
physicians and clerical staff to try out evidence based practices obtained from research finding to see whether
they will improve patient outcomes (Wolzt, 2016)
Your selected organization: (remember this is not the facility/organization where you are implementing your
project, may be a nursing organization, or any organization which sets standards, conducts research, or
publishes evidence based literature in relation to your topic) How does this organization support your topic?
Some things to consider when researching…Have they advocated? Do they support financially? Are they
involved in research to support your topic? Do they use it as part of accreditation requirements? Write 1-2
paragraphs. Your paragraph(s) should be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and
references (there is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references.)
I chose World Health Organization, this is because it supports my topic by backing up sharing of awareness on
evidence based practice in nursing with an aim of strengthening its foundation on healthcare professionals and
healthcare policy makers. In addition, it advocates the culture of evidence based practice by assisting nurses to
apply evidence based practice while carrying out their clinical roles. On the other hand, world health
organization provides temporal financial assistance to its member countries with an aim of supporting the
adoption of evidence-based practice in their health facilities. Moreover, World Health Organization is involved
in research to support evidence based practice, this is because it believes that its adoption will lead to improved
healthcare and patient outcomes (WHO, 2018) it uses it as part of accreditation requirements to ensure that
patients are treated using well researched practices that will accelerate their healing process(Scott,2015)
What are the implications of the problem? What will happen or not happen if the problem is not resolved? Write
1-2 paragraphs discussing the implications with supporting details (information from your selected organization
and/or health care facility would be important here). Your paragraph(s) should be professionally written, single
spaced with APA formatted citations and references (there is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it
for your references).
Failure to use evidence-based practice in hospitals means that; first, there will be no consistency in healthcare,
this is because it will not be based on evidence which helps in treating patients. Second, failure to use evidencebased practice implies that there will be no improved patient outcomes which become better in relation to
implementation of evidence based care. Lastly failure to use evidence based care implies that nurses and nurse
practitioners will not be granted independence to exercise to full of their qualifications.
Plan of Action: In the space below outline your plan of Action. Remember your plan of action should assist you
in meeting your global and project objectives; therefore, they must be linked. Your plan of action can include
your project objectives from week one or they may have changed. In either case, list your project objectives
(that you have already completed and planned steps) and provide a one paragraph (per objective) explanation
supporting this action. You should have a minimum of four action steps (no more than five), this means you
should have a minimum of four paragraphs and no more than five. Your actions steps should have supportive
details (references). Your paragraphs should be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted
citations and references (there is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references).
Asking clinical guide questions that I have for my patient. The questions are supposed to be organized in the
format known as PICOT, whereby letter p stands for problem of interest, patient or population; I stands for
intervention being put into consideration; C stands for comparison; O stands for the measured outcomes while T
stands for time to be taken to meet global and project objectives (Grobbel, 2018)
Acquiring the necessary evidence, so that I can be in a position to answer my clinical guide questions. For
example, I will aim at acquiring evidence on whether exercise therapy is appropriate for assisting patients to
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
reduce pain after surgical procedure in comparison to medication. I will do this by researching scholarly
literature that relate to nursing so that I can find out whether evidence exists that can back up this evidence
based practice
Appraising and applying evidence obtained in relation to the problem of interest. I will do this by reviewing the
scholarly articles that I have obtained critically so that I can determine their applicability and validity as well.
For example, if my patient is of old age, then the evidence that proves that exercise therapy is effective for the
adolescents will not be applicable for the patient since adolescents and aged people respond to pain differently
and have different requirements for controlling pain (Dang, 2017)
Lastly, I will conduct an assessment of whether my intervention was successful or not. I will do this by
assessing whether carrying out exercise therapy helped in easing a patient’s pain or not. In addition, I will also
perform a comparison between a patient who received medication and underwent the exercise therapy and a
patient who only underwent the exercise therapy to find out the one who had his or her pain controlled
immediately.
Proposed Solution: Write 2-3 sentences describing your proposed solution to your problem. Remember that
your solution should be linked to your global and project objectives. Your proposed solutions should have
supportive details (references), professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and
references (there is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references).
According to Cook (2018) failure to adhere to evidence-based practices is associated with health care
professionals who only trust their knowledge to attend to their patients. In for me to bring this problem to an
end, I will consider two main solutions to this problem that are mainly; engaging healthcare providers in
training on the importance of evidence-based practice. Lastly, I will advise healthcare centers on the importance
of investing in skills and tools needed for forming a culture of evidence-based practice.
What are the gaps in the existing data? Write 1-2 paragraphs related to your selected problem. Your
paragraph(s) should be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and references (there
is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references). You may need to look back at your
Evidence-based Nursing Textbook for some help.
The data does not describe the various strategies that health centers can use to facilitate evidence based
practices. These strategies entail; development of evidence-based practice skills, presentation of evidence based
mentors and leaders into the clinical setting and development of nurse-led units that are centered on evidence
based practice. In addition, the data does not describe how traditions and customs influence evidence based
practices in healthcare.
What types of additional research might be useful? Write 1-2 paragraphs discussing additional research that
describes individuals, communities, other issues etc. that are affected by your topic. Your paragraph(s) should
be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and references (there is a reference
textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references). Be sure the research relates to your problem.
The types of additional research that might be useful entail; research on dissemination and implementation of
evidence based practice in health centers through creation, evaluation, reporting and integration of evidence
based strategies in healthcare. Another additional research that might be useful is the evidence based
competencies. These competencies ensure that nurses deliver safe and high-quality nursing care that is aimed at
improving patient outcomes and reducing costs on the healthcare resources (Lau, 2015)
Identify Stakeholders: Write 1-2 paragraphs identifying the key stakeholders to your problem with supporting
examples. Individuals or groups that are directly or indirectly influenced by the problem or solution are the
stakeholders. In some cases the stakeholders are obvious; however in some cases stakeholders can be
developed. Your paragraph(s) should be professionally written, single spaced with APA formatted citations and
references (there is a reference textbox at the end of this form. Use it for your references).
The key stakeholders to my problem are mainly; nurses, clerical staff and physicians. The reason as to why they
are my key stakeholders is because, they rely on the use of evidence based practice with aim of; reducing health
costs, achieving high quality care and patient outcomes, minimizing health care provider turnover rate,
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
minimizing geographic variations in the delivery of care, meeting the expectations of informed public and
reducing complications and denials that may result from unsatisfied patients (Olomu, 2016)
List needed resources: A successful change agent will identify all available resources. Resources include
money, time, connections, and those resources which help you to meet your objectives. You may list your
resources, but explain why the resource is needed and how these resources will help support your change.
The resources that will help me in meeting my objectives are mainly; Money which will be used in paying the
people that I will be working with. In addition, it will help in supporting my change because, it will act as a
form of appreciation to people working with me, and hence it will help in minimizing turnover. The other
resource that I will require is time. Time will help me in achieving my goals over a specified period of time.
Nevertheless, it will help in supporting my change by offering me with a timely plan that I will work with.
Project Update: Write 2-3 paragraphs discussing your project progress. Include in your discussion how your
QSEN competency and KSAs are supporting your project and if your global and project objectives are close to
being met. You do not need citations or references; however this should be professionally written.
My project is progressing on very well and the QSEN competency has supported me in my plan of addressing
health centers concerning the importance of continuously equipping futures nurses with the appropriate
knowledge, skills and attitudes that are essential in improving quality and safety of the healthcare centers. In
addition, the QSEN competency has also enabled me to guide physicians, nurses and clerical staff on “What”
and “How” they ought to offer nursing care so that they can be able to guarantee safe and high-quality care.
On the other hand, the KSAs have supported my project by helping me to define to physicians, nurses and
clerical staff the concepts of evidence-based practice which must work together towards accomplishing the set
goals. In addition, they have also helped in advising nurses, physicians and clerical staff on the importance of
Continual research on the current evidence reports in healthcare. At this point I can say that my global and
project objectives are close to being met.
Work with Mentor this week: In 2-3 paragraphs discuss activities with your Mentor (Preceptor) for this project
so far. Include positive and negative thoughts, what was helpful and what information or activity would have
been helpful. No citations or references are needed; it should still be professionally written.
For this week, I met with my preceptor to discuss on the activities that I had accomplished so far from the point
I had left last week. During the discussion, I described that I had chosen physicians, nurses and clerical staff as
my stakeholders because they rely on the use of evidence based practice with aim of; reducing health costs,
achieving high quality care and patient outcomes, minimizing health care provider turnover rate, minimizing
geographic variations in the delivery of care, meeting the expectations of informed public and reducing
complications and denials that may result from unsatisfied patients.
My preceptor said that the three parties were perfect for my project and he advised me to continue with my
project. However, he said that I should have also included patients as stake holders, this is because they were to
help me in obtaining information on whether the treatment given to them which was based on evidence based
practice was good or not.
Log update: Begin typing documentation on your Clinical Log, provide here a brief explanation of time you
have completed this week-you will need to document on your clinical log in addition to the templates, this
update does NOT take the place of completing your required log. This is a non-graded item.
-- Do not include: Orientation off the Unit, Observation, writing or researching papers/assignments, Lunch
Break time.
or
-- Do include: A total over the course includes a Minimum of 3 hours with preceptor, Maximum of 6 hours on
research of topic, a minimum of 1-2 hours in direct patient engagement and the remainder- 10-11 hours in
implementation of your project, Total of 21 true hours.
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Type
Date
Time
(ex:
1:00pm2:00pm)
Total Time
Spent
(ex: 1 hour)
(describe specifically what you did in one or two
sentences)
05/31/20
19
7.00a.m to
9.00a.m
2
05/31/20
19
10.00a.m
to 11 a.m
1
05/31/20
19
3.00p.m to 2
5.00p.m
Engaging a patient during exercise therapy.
05/31/20
19
6.00p.m to 2
8.00p.m
Stressing the key resources for my project
which are mainly; Money and Time.
Preceptor
(a minimum of 3 hours is
required for the course)
Research on topic
Description
Discussing with my preceptor on the activities
that I had accomplished so far from the point I
had left last week. My preceptor acknowledges
my idea of choosing physicians, nurses and
clerical staff as my stakeholders for the project.
My preceptor suggested that patients were also
good stakeholders to be put into consideration.
Researching on topics that are related to my
global objective and my project as well.
(a maximum of 6 hours is
allowed for the course)
Direct Patient
Engagement
Time (a minimum of
1-2 hours, Specify
number of patients)
Implementation
(the remainder should be
spent in implementation)
Total Time spent this
week (by the end of the
Total for this week =7 hours
course you should spend
at least 21 true hours)
Continue to work on your log and submit your completed log in the week 5 submission
area
References (double-space and use correct APA format)
This should include references from Week 1 and 2
AHRQ. (n.d.). About AHRQ. Retrieved 15 May 2019. https://www.ahrq.gov/cpi/about/index.html
Cook, D. A., Pencille, L. J., Dupras, D. M., Linderbaum, J. A., Pankratz, V. S., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2018).
Practice variation and practice guidelines: Attitudes of generalist and specialist physicians,
nurse practitioners, and physician assistants. PloS one, 13(1), e0191943.
doi:10.1037/rmh0000008
Dang, D., & Dearholt, S. L. (2017). Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice: Model and guidelines.
Sigma Theta Tau. Guidelines for Practice, 339-359. doi:10.1037/rmh0000008
Grobbel, C., & Penprase, B. (2018). The Caring Studio Experience: Integrating QSEN With Caring
Practice Competencies, a Research Study. doi:10.1037/rmh0000008
NRSE 4600: MODULE 3: ASSESSMENT 6: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT - CLINICAL PRACTICE PROJECT RESEARCH
Lau, R., Stevenson, F., Ong, B. N., Dziedzic, K., Treweek, S., Eldridge, S., ... & Peacock, R. (2015).
Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic
reviews of reviews. Implementation Science, 11(1), 40.
Olomu, A., Hart-Davidson, W., Luo, Z., Kelly-Blake, K., & Holmes-Rovner, M. (2016). Implementing shared
decision making in federally qualified health centers, a quasi-experimental design study: the
Office-Guidelines Applied to Practice (Office-GAP) program. BMC health services
research, 16(1), 334.
QSEN. (n.d.). QSEN Competencies. QSEN.Org. Retrieved 15 May 2019. From
http://qsen.org/competencies/pre-licensure-ksas/
Scott, W. R. (2015). Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives.
Routledge,40-55.
Wolzt, M. (2016). Invited commentary: Evidence-based practise and physical therapy. Wiener Medizinische
Wochenschrift, 166(1-2), 4-4. doi:10.1037/rmh0000008
WHO. (n.d). About WHO. Retrieved 10th August, 2018. https://www.who.int/
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