Suki Su Intro to Design Studies Amanda Kogle 5 June 2019 Argenti, Nicolas. “Review Article : Masks and Masquerades: John Emigh, Masked Performance: The Play of Self and Other in Ritual and Theatre. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996. Cloth, ISBN 0-8122-3058-2, £36.95. Paper: ISBN 0-8122-1336X, £17.50.” Journal of Material Culture 2, no. 3 (November 1997): 361–81. doi:10.1177/135918359700200305. The authors of the article criticize how the new books of masquerade masking have technical tasks of setting out of it. To the importance of the article to the topic under the study is that it will help in understanding the extent to which anthropology books has sort of excommunication which has mainstreamed the social anthropology. They are inadequate information to a few authors who have tried writing about the topic which has resulted in total failure of ensconcing masking in a broader perspective of social activities. Moreover, the article has criticized the existing database concerning the issue as it lacks detailed information of the masking traditions. He concludes that the few books that have been written regarding the topic have been approached with little understanding of the practices that are truly global and relates to the topic. This article will be of great importance in my research as it will help in understanding the books that have detailed information concerning the topic as he has citizen books that lack adequate and accurate analysis about the importance and design of the masquerade masks. Mascherade. "The Mascherade." History of Venetian Mask. Accessed June 05, 2019. http://themascherade.com/contents/en-us/d5_Page_5.html. The article talks about the importance of masquerade masks. The design of each masquerade mask has been over centuries used as an oral tradition, specifically in Italy and Venice. These masks are essential are they are worn during the Venice carnival. This mask has been used in many occasions such as a hiding device, and as an identifier of the social status. The importance of these masks is to help the wearer to interact freely with other people without disclosing their social status. The history of use of these masks sometimes elicited love encounters or criminal activities. By the 18th century, the wearing of the mask was severely restricted. The design of the mask was a stylish design with bright colors such as silver gold. The mask was decorated in baroque style. The main types of mask in history were Bauta, "plague doctor" mask, Columbia mask, Volto, and Moretta mask. This article will play a very critical role in my masquerade analysis. The content will facilitate my review through understanding more precisely the significance of the ancient mask and design, and then I will use this knowledge to conduct a brief analysis of the masquerade trajectory. Johnson, James H.. Venice Incognito: Masks in the Serene Republic. Berkerley: University of California Press, 2011. Accessed June 5, 2019. ProQuest Ebook Central. This book talks about masks in the Serene Republic. In the book, the author, James H. Johnson, gives an analysis of the masks in a spat view in the carnival-loving city. The book is vital to the topic about the history and the importance of the masquerade designs as he draws from the diverse materials to explore the entire world about masks. The wealth of articles comes from both during the outside of the carnival to conclude. So as to uncover the public face, a veteran response was used to give answers to hierarchical classes in European history that were rigid to change. His vivid explanation and account extend beyond the standard underlying views that masking primarily involved forgetting about the past and paying attention to the muse of pleasures to give new insight into the identity of historical construction. In my research, the focus in this article will emphasize on the importance of masking through the view of different masking materials outlined by the author. This will facilitate my in-depth understanding of what was the real significance of masks during ancient time. Turner, Laura Leddy. "What Is the Purpose Of The Masquerades & Their Meanings?” The Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey. May 17, 2019. Accessed June 04, 2019. https://www.theclassroom.com/purpose-masquerades-meanings-5256.html The article is essential to the topic as it talks of the masquerade masks and its importance. The article gives an analysis of masquerade used in West Africa, Venetian, England, and Caribbean and American Carnivals. In all these areas, the types and designs of masquerade used are given and its importance during that time. In all the regions there is a universal similarity about the significance of the masquerade in those areas as they used them in festivals and performances. This topic will add a lot of relevant information on the importance of different masquerade design, which functions were similar across the area and differences. Roy, David. “Masks and Cultural Contexts Drama Education and Anthropology.” International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 7, no. 10 (2015): 214 – 218. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJSA2015.0618 The journal article is about the use of masquerade masks in the context of drama in education, anthropology, and culture. The article is essential to the topic as it helps us in understanding how different design of masquerade was used in western countries. In the article, the importance of the masquerade was that it acted as a shared practice of all people that lived in Venice without considering the position or their status in society. The society allowed masking wearers to be absolved to the licentious restraints which freed the community from the moral impositions trapping. These masks centered on societal impositions. The masquerade mask was designed with simple symbolic colors to further the anonymity. These designs were not used as a status symbol but to create neutrality pf the observer. The article will play a critical role in my research toward understanding the history and design of masquerade masks. Based on the content, I will use this information to derive the reason as to why ancient people in Venice wore these masks. Moreover, it will help in analyzing how different types of design symbolized. Siegmann, William, and Judith Perani. "Men's Masquerades of Sierra Leone and Liberia." African Arts 9, no. 3 (1976): 42-92. doi:10.2307/3335110. The article talks about the masquerade design that was specifically for men in Liberia and Sierra Leone. The contribution of the article to the topic is its more profound understanding of the design of masquerade worn by men. Men mask had a different design based on their functionality. The article talks about gbonji, which was controlled and performed by mende. The items that were owned by gbonji were loosely affiliated to a similar type of mask. The gbonji mask was primarily worn by a group of young dancers who used the masks when acting as an accompanying attendant. Each type of mask had its dance choreography and music. Since masks were costly, young men were given full responsibility of taking care of them from being stolen. Every mask had its attendants to guide the masks and make sure that they have been kept adjusted to make sure the design has complied with any set rule to avoid violation of the existing regulations. The topic will not only help me with the research about also understanding the traditional view of the masquerade among different groups across the globe. To my research, this article will help the article will help in analyzing different functions that these mask design played, and the exact situation that they were required to be worn. This is because there were laws concerning who are required to wear the kind of mask and the situation in which they were worn. Campbell, Joseph, and Maurice Tuchman. Masquerade: The Mask as Art. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1993. This book talks about the Masquerade in San Francisco. The book is essential to the topic as it helps to understand why the mask has always been a simple disguise. Their importance in the world is that they act as alchemy, which changes the world sacred mundane world to a magical view. From the book, the masks are essential during holidays and festivals as they help in elevating human being into the realm of the gods where children are transformed into witches. Mask has a power that evocative and magical. The 64 colors masquerade created by the contemporary artist after it was requested in Los Angeles art arts that will delight the readers concerning their originality and diversity. This book will help in my research as from the information presented will add an in-depth understanding of the topic. This will involve a recognition that mask can pose a very diverse threat in the life of people. I will reliably put more insight into the negative of masquerade masks, as stated in this book to add up to my research. Bibliography Argenti, Nicolas. “Review Article : Masks and Masquerades: John Emigh, Masked Performance: The Play of Self and Other in Ritual and Theatre. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996. Cloth, ISBN 0-8122-3058-2, £36.95. Paper: ISBN 0-81221336-X, £17.50.” Journal of Material Culture 2, no. 3 (November 1997): 361–81. doi:10.1177/135918359700200305 Campbell, Joseph, and Maurice Tuchman. Masquerade: The Mask as Art. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1993. Johnson, James H.. Venice Incognito: Masks in the Serene Republic. Berkerley: University of California Press, 2011. Accessed June 5, 2019. ProQuest Ebook Central. Mascherade. "The Mascherade." History of Venetian Mask. Accessed June 05, 2019. http://themascherade.com/contents/en-us/d5_Page_5.html. Roy, David. “Masks and Cultural Contexts Drama Education and Anthropology.” International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 7, no. 10 (2015): 214 – 218. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJSA2015.0618 Siegmann, William, and Judith Perani. "Men's Masquerades of Sierra Leone and Liberia." African Arts 9, no. 3 (1976): 42-92. doi:10.2307/3335110. Turner, Laura Leddy. "What Is the Purpose Of The Masquerades & Their Meanings?” The Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey. May 17, 2019. Accessed June 04, 2019. https://www.theclassroom.com/purpose-masquerades-meanings5256.html
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