Discussion B: Pro-social BehaviorWeek 3 - Initial Discussion Posting (300+ words):This week, we dive into this notion of prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior, an important form of moral behavior is essential for maintaining positive social relationships and promoting social adjustment. Prosocial behavior was defined as behavior through which people benefit others (Eisenberg, 1982), including helping, cooperating, comforting, sharing, and donating (Eisenberg and Fabes, 1998; Greener and Crick, 1999). However, people in China are being recognized as reluctant to exhibit prosocial behaviors. The annual global survey published by the British Charities Aid Foundation showed China to have the lowest level of helping behaviors. For our discussion this week, answer the following questions:Why do you think China had the lowest level of helping behaviors? How do you think America compared? And, do YOU have to be the one to help? Why or why not? Explain, and give one example of a time you exhibited prosocial behavior.In this week’s Task you will explore an important concept: pro-social behavior.

The final exam contain three parts: matching; identification questions of major ideas, places, events, etc.; and two essay questions Identification question responses should be a minimum of three complete sentences in length. Essay question responses must be developed with supporting facts. Note that the first essay is required; for the second essay choose ONE of four options. Make the most appropriate match. Question 1 options:123456789101112131415death of Julius Caesar123456789101112131415corrupt governor of Sicily123456789101112131415speeches against Antony123456789101112131415father of his country123456789101112131415new title for Augustus123456789101112131415leader of Spanish revolt123456789101112131415Gallic chieftan123456789101112131415Thomas Babington Macaulay123456789101112131415Deeds of Augustus123456789101112131415Aeneid123456789101112131415defeat of Antony and Cleopatra123456789101112131415first in family to achieve Senatorial status123456789101112131415Lucius Junius Brutus123456789101112131415"alea jacta est"123456789101112131415adviser to Augustus1.assassin2.crossing the Rubicon3.Philippics4.Res Gestae Divi Augusti5.Ides of March6.Vercingetorix7.pater patriae8.Actium9.princeps civitatis10.Maecenas11.Verres12.novus homo13.Lays of Ancient Rome14.Quintus Sertorius15.VergilQuestion 2 (30 points) Identify 10 of the following in two or three complete sentences (3 points each). Note: If you identify more than 10, only the first 10 will count toward your grade.1. "veni, vidi, vici"2. proscription3. Tiberius Gracchus4. Marcus Licinius Crassus5. Mithridates VI6. Marcus Tullius Cicero7. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix8. Cincinnatus9. equites10. Gaius Marius (Senior)11. Theodor Mommsen12. Lucius Sergius Catilina13. Marcus Portius Cato (Uticensis)14. Jugurtha15. Maison Carrée16. paterfamilias17. Titus Annius Milo18. Annales Maximi19. Lex Manilia20. Lacus CurtiusQuestion 2 options:Question 3 (35 points) Piers Brendon has observed that, while history is our only guide, “all too often…students of the past succumb to the temptation to foretell the future. “However,” he notes, “the past is a map, not a compass. It charts human experience, stops at the present and gives no clear sense of direction. History does not repeat itself nor, as Arnold Toynbee would have it, does it proceed in rhythms or cycles. Events buck trends. Everything, as [Edward] Gibbon said, is subject to 'the vicissitudes of fortune'."Do you agree or disagree with Brendon? What IS the point of studying history, especially ancient history? Are analogies between past and present useful? Are they dangerous? Do analogies ever completely work? In an essay of at least 300 words, formulate your own answer to these interconnected questions. Cite specific examples from the material of this course.Question 3 options:Skip Toolbars for .More Insert actions.Format Paragraph Address Preformatted H1 - Heading 1 H2 - Heading 2 H3 - Heading 3 H4 - Heading 4 H5 - Heading 5 H6 - Heading 6 More Text actions.Show All ComponentsQuestion 4 (20 points) Respond to ONE of the following questions. (250 words) Option One: Slavery was a fact of life in the Roman Republic. Using as much detail as possible, discuss the nature of slavery in the Republic, describing its sources, its extent and the varied forms of its operation. (20 points) Option Two: No modern historian will agree with Theodor Mommsen that Caesar was the leader of a "people's party", but it cannot be denied that many of Caesar's measures indeed protected the ordinary people against the selfish policy of the nobles. This can easily be illustrated by pointing at Caesar's measures on taxation and citizenship. However, was the improvement of the position of the people Caesar's aim or just a tool to establish a strong base for a personal regime? Make an argument for either the "aim" or the "tool" position. Provide evidence to support your position.Option Three Anthony Everitt has written: "The Roman constitution was a complicated contraption of levers and balances, with obsolete pieces of machinery left in place along-side modern additions. Its management called for sensitivity, imagination, and, above all, an ability to accommodate, to concede, to compromise. For centuries, these qualities among Rome's politicians had drawn the admiration, reluctant or full-hearted, of friend and foe. Now, though, the tragic trajectory of the Gracchi exposed the Republic for what it had become, an unstable and uncreative monster." Explain with specific details what Everitt means about the Roman constitution and what the Gracchi did to expose its defects. (20 points) Option Four Conflict between plebeians and patricians, between rich and the poor, citizen and non-citizen characterized the early years of the Republic. But gradually through confrontation and compromise a greater measure of equality was attained, but were the fundamental issues ever really solved. What were the issues at the root of the Conflict of the Orders and its later manifestation the struggle between the Populares and the Optimates? (20 points) Option Five Mary Beard has written: “I am even more concerned than [Kenneth] Clark with the discontents and debates around the idea of civilisation, and with how that rather fragile concept is justified and defended. One of its most powerful weapons has always been 'barbarity': 'we' know that 'we' are civilised by contrasting ourselves with those we deem to be uncivilised, with those who do not - or cannot be trusted to - share our values. Civilisation is a process of exclusion as well as inclusion. The boundary between 'us' and 'them' may be an internal one (for much of world history the idea of a 'civilised woman' has been a contradiction in terms), or an external one, as the word 'barbarian' suggests; it was originally a derogatory and ethnocentric ancient Greek term for foreigners you could not understand, because they spoke in an incomprehensible babble: 'bar-bar-bar .. : The inconvenient truth, of course, is that so-called 'barbarians' may be no more than those with a different view from ourselves of what it is to be civilised, and of what matters in human culture. In the end, one person's barbarity is another person's civilisation.” [Mary Beard, How Do We Look: The Body, the Divine, and the Question of Civilisation (New York 2018) 14.]Do you agree with Mary Beard's conclusion? Provide evidence/examples from the material for this course to support your position..

This week, you are to evaluate the importance of strategic planning in the Revitalizing Masachapa Project (RMP), the purpose and functions of strategic planning and management in creating value for the town of Masachapa, as well as the significance of strategic planning in the process of obtaining the necessary financial support to cover the costs of the project.To prepare for this Assignment:Review the background and Week 1 information in the Virtual City: Revitalizing Masachapa Project multimedia.Review Chapter 1 in Bryson (2011).Consider the relationship between strategic planning and strategic management.The Assignment (2–3 pages):Describe the role of strategic planning in creating value for the town of Masachapa:Explain the purpose for the RMP.Explain how strategic planning can create value for the town of Masachapa.Analyze at least three benefits of strategic planning in the RMP.Support your Assignment with specific references to all resources used in its preparation. Use APA style for this and all assignments.ResorcesBryson, J. M. (2018). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Chapter 1, “Why Strategic Planning Is More Important Than Ever” (pp. 3–34) Johnson, A. K. (2004). Increasing internationalization in social work programs: Healy’s continuum as a strategic planning guide. International Social Work, 47(1), 7–23.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.MediaLaureate Education (Producer). (2014). Virtual city: Revitalizing Masachapa Project [Multimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.Please click on the following link for the transcript: Program Transcript (PDF)In this course you will have the opportunity to engage in a “Virtual City” project where you will be involved in decision making and using strategic planning, management, and leadership skills learned throughout the course. In your Assignments for Weeks 1–10, you will be asked to respond to a series of events and situations affecting the town of Masachapa, Nicaragua, that are directly related to the Revitalizing Masachapa Project. As a member of a team of expert consultants from Walden University, your task will be to use the knowledge and expertise gained throughout this course to address the needs of the town’s revitalization project. Each week, you will be asked to complete a task to support the town’s government as well as other key stakeholders involved in the revitalization project.