BOS3640 Columbia Southern Process Safety Management & Chemicals Research

User Generated

anaplpcvpur

Writing

BOS3640

Columbia Southern University

Description

Instructions

OSHA issued the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard (PSM) (29 CFR 1910.119) which contains requirements for the safe management of chemicals for companies that exceed OSHA's threshold quantities for highly hazardous substances. This standard requires the establishment of a management program that includes conducting process hazard analyses, establishing detailed operating procedures, and includes other important requirements to mitigate the possibility of a serious, chemical related incident occurring at the facility.

For this assignment, suppose you are a safety manager at a chemical manufacturing facility that manufactures concentrated nitric acid. You have heard that employees who load nitric acid into rail tank cars have been checking the pre-inspection checklist from the rail shipping office instead of actually inspecting the vehicles with the checklist in hand as required by the operating procedure. This has not been the first time the shipping crew has been lax about process safety related work rules. Based on this scenario, please compose a research paper which includes the following information:

  • Identify the chemical properties, uses, and primary hazards associated with common oxidizers including concentrated nitric acid.
  • Identify important occupational exposure limits (OELs) associated with at least 3 common oxidizers.
  • Identify PSM requirements that would be useful for preventing or minimizing the consequences of a significant oxidizer related incident.
  • Using the OSHA Standard and your own experience, justify and validate the importance of the PSM standard to your facility (if it stores and processes highly hazardous materials) or a facility that may impact your community or a near-by community. Examples might include a water treatment facility that utilizes liquefied chlorine gas, a coal fired power plant that utilizes liquefied chlorine gas for water treatment, a food processing plant with a large ammonia refrigeration system, a fertilizer manufacturing or storage facility, a chemical manufacturing facility, etc..

Your research paper must be at least two pages in length. You are required to cite the OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.119 in your response as well as at least two other sources, one of which must come from the CSU Online Library. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced. Paraphrased and/or quoted materials must have accompanying citations in APA format.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

UNIT V STUDY GUIDE Chemistry of Some Oxidizers Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to: 6. Determine strategies for dealing with chemical properties of specific types of hazardous substances. 6.1 Identify the chemical properties, uses, and primary hazards associated with common oxidizers. 6.2 Identify workplace exposure concentrations associated with common oxidizers. 6.3 Identify PSM requirements that would be useful for preventing or minimizing the consequences of a significant oxidizer-related incident. Course/Unit Learning Outcomes 6.1 6.2 6.3 Learning Activity Unit V Lesson Chapter 5 Chapter 11 Unit V Research Paper Unit V Lesson Chapter 11 Unit V Research Paper Unit V Lesson Chapter 11 PSM Standard Reading Unit V Research Paper Reading Assignment Chapter 5: Principles of Chemical Reactions, pp. 140-142 Chapter 11: Chemistry of Some Oxidizers, pp. 421-463 Additional Reading Assignment(s): Please review the information regarding the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals at the following link: https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9760 Unit Lesson In this unit, we still study the chemistry of some oxidizers as discussed in Chapter 11 of our textbook. Most or all of you have heard of oxidizers or even oxidation-reduction reactions (redox in short). These reactions, when controlled, can benefit our society. Examples are combustion of fuels, disinfection of water, household cleaning, and bleaching of fabrics. However, when the reactions become uncontrolled, fire, and/or an explosion could result that may result in loss of life and property. Before we get into these reactions, we will review what an oxidizer is. According to Meyer (2014), the Department of Transportation (DOT) defines an oxidizer as a substance that may enhance or support combustion of other materials, generally by yielding its oxygen. However, an oxidizer does not necessarily have oxygen to give up. A substance that removes electrons from other substances is also an oxidizer (also known as an oxidizing agent). So, an oxidizer can consist of elements, acids, or salts that are separated into different families. These families each have specific hazards associated them (Burke, 2003). The BOS 3640, Interactions of Hazardous Materials 1 elements include oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, and iodine. If you recall from periodicGUIDE table in Unit I, UNITthe x STUDY these elements belong to the same family. Title To learn oxidation-reduction reactions, we have to know what an oxidation number or oxidation state is. This is defined as the ability of an ion or atom to combine with another ion or atom (Meyer, 2014). It provides a way to keep track of electrons in redox reactions. In practice, there are rules for assigning oxidation numbers. In Section 5.4 of our textbook, oxidation-reduction is also discussed in more detail. Basically, in an oxidation process, there is an increase in oxidation number and loss of electrons. In reduction, there is a decrease in oxidation number and gain of electrons. In redox reactions, the equation should be written as the following:  oxidizing agent + reducing agent → products. A good example of a redox reaction between iron chloride and tin chloride is shown on pages 424-425 of the textbook. The National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) lists oxidizers in four classes (Classes 1 to 4), with Class 1 having the lowest activity. Class 4 has the highest activity where the materials may undergo explosive reactions when catalyzed or exposed to heat, shock, or friction (Meyer, 2014). Common Oxidizers: Many household products used to sanitize indoor/outdoor surfaces and swimming pools contain oxidizers such as calcium or sodium hypochlorite. Hydrogen peroxide is used to help heal insect bites, burns, and scrapes, and is also used in hair color products. Fireworks are entertaining but inherently dangerous. Used in the production of all fireworks is a mixture of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent. The oxidizing agent could be sodium chlorite/chlorate or perchlorate, and the reducing agent could be sulfur, pulverized magnesium, or aluminum flakes (Meyer, 2014). There are only a few ammonium compounds that are thermally stable, so the use of them is limited. A common compound that is used commercially is ammonium nitrate, which is used as a fertilizer. Another example of an ammonium compound used is ammonium perchlorate, which accounts for, “70% of the solid propellants used by the aerospace industry to propel space shuttles” (Meyer, 2014, p. 445). Notable incidents involving ammonium compounds include the following:   1947 SS Grandcamp incident in Texas City, Texas: The ship was carrying nearly 2280 tons of fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate when it caught fire. The heat generated by the fire resulted in the decomposition of the ammonium nitrate (Meyer, 2014). The decomposition products, oxygen and nitrogen dioxide, supported combustion in the storage hold of the ship, a confined space, resulting in an explosion. 1995 Oklahoma bombing of the Murrah Federal Building: Fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate and diesel fuel were mixed and detonated (Dougherty, 2001). Other common oxidizers include the following:       oxidizing chromium compounds (more commonly called hexavalent chromium with +6 oxidation state), sodium or potassium permanganate, metallic nitrite or nitrates, metallic peroxides and superoxides, potassium persulfate and sodium persulfate, and matches. BOS 3640, Interactions of Hazardous Materials 2 Oxidation–reduction reactions, also called redox reactions, greatly benefit our UNIT modern lifestyle.GUIDE When x STUDY oxidation–reduction reactions are conducted in a controlled fashion, the energy they release can be Title harnessed to our advantage. However, when redox reactions occur in an uncontrolled fashion, the generated energy is released into the immediate environment where it can initiate or intensify fire and explosion, resulting in the loss of life and property. This necessitates the study of redox reactions by EHS and FS professionals responding to hazardous materials incidents. References Burke, R. (2003). Hazardous chemistry for emergency responders (2nd ed). Washington DC: Lewis. Dougherty, J. (2001, May). McVeigh diagrams ANFO bomb. Retrieved from http://www.wnd.com/2001/05/9372/ Meyer, E. (2014). Chemistry of hazardous materials (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. BOS 3640, Interactions of Hazardous Materials 3
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Hello there, have a look at the complete paper. In case of any concern, feel free to alert me.Regards

Outline: PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT
I.

INTRODUCTION
1. Definition of oxidizers and examples
2. What the paper will cover and entail

II.

BODY
1. First paragraph: Chemical properties, uses and primary hazards associated with
common oxidizers
2. Second paragraph: important occupational exposure limits (OELs) associated with at
least 3 common oxidizers
3. Third paragraph: Identification of PSM requirements that would be useful for
preventing or minimizing the consequences of a significant oxidizer related incident
4. Fourth paragraph: validation of PSM standard to our nitric acid facility using the
OSHA standard

III.

CONCLUSION
Summary of importance of oxidizing agents under controlled situations.

IV.

REFERENCES


Running Head: PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Research Paper on Process Safety Management
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Date

PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT
An oxidizer can be defined as a substance that supports or enhances the burning o...


Anonymous
Really helped me to better understand my coursework. Super recommended.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Related Tags