RESEARCH NOTEBOOK ENG122: ENGLI SH COMPOSI TI ON I I STUDENT NAME: Alonda Royal INSTRUCTOR: FI NAL DECI SI ONS COMPLETE THI S AS EACH TASK I S COMPLETED. MAKE SURE YOU HAVE FI NI SHED ALL TABLES BEFORE SUBMISSION I N WEEK 4. TOPIC: NARROWED TOPIC: RESEARCH QUESTION: THESIS STATEMENT: ESSAY TITLE: 1 SECTI ON O NE: TOPI C SELECTI ON COMPLETE THI S SECTION DURING WEEK 1 COMMUNITY: Students ISSUES FACING THE COMMUNITY: High levels of debt, stress, financial difficulties. RESEARCH TOPIC: College debt’s impact on students’ future life choices. NARROWED TOPIC: Various studies and opinions by students show that college debt can have a negative impact on future life choices. ONCE YOU HAVE RECEIVED FEEDBACK FROM YOUR I NSTRUCTOR I N THE WEEK 1 I NSTRUCTOR MEETUP QUIZ, FI NALIZE YOUR TOPI C AND NARROWED TOPI C, AND ADD THEM TO THE “FI N AL DECISIONS” TABLE ON THE COVER PAGE. What has been your own personal experience(s) with this topic? As a student, I had to acquire a student loan so as to help pay my school fees. Also, I have a lot of friends who have acquired student loans so as to pay for their college education. What do you already know about this topic? Where did you get that information? Based on information and statements made by various graduates, student loans can have a negative impact on life choices. This majorly affects financial decisions that graduates make since they are still obligated to pay hefty student loans that they acquired to pay for their higher education. What steps have you taken to discover different viewpoints from your own? I have researched this topic a lot and realized that there are various viewpoints from different people. Some people believe that there are no negative impacts of student loans after graduating while others believe that the loans have a negative effect on future decision making. 2 What is the value in listening to other positions on this topic? It’s obvious that there are many conflicting opinions on the topic. Listening to other positions on the topic will help in gaining further understanding on the impact that student loans can have on life choices. These positions will help in developing an accurate research paper that has no biased opinions but rather well thought information that is accurately backed. BRAI NSTORMI NG SPACE USE THE I NFORMATI ON FROM SECTION 2.1 I N COLLEGE WRITING HANDBOOK TO CONDUCT BRAINSTO RMING I N WEEK 1. USE THI S PAGE TO MAKE LI STS LI KE LOLA, FREEWRITE LI KE CHA RLIE, USE TALK -TO-TEXT TECHNOLOGY LI KE ANDR É, MI ND MAP LI KE LASHONDA, O R TAKE NOTES WHI LE SURFING THE WE B LI KE WI NNIE. 3 SECTI ON TWO: RESEARC H QUESTI ON DEVELOPME NT COMPLETE THI S SECTION DURING WEEKS 1 AND 2 Preliminary Research Question: BEGI N YOUR RESEARCH QUESTION WI TH THE WORDS “HOW,” “WHERE,” “WHAT,” OR “WHY.” (Use the information from Section 2.1 in College Writing Handbook.) How does college debt affect future life choices in students? Is this research question open-ended? Yes (cannot be answered with a “yes” or a “no”) Does this research question open a line of inquiry? (is not seeking a fact or opinion) Will this research question add to the academic conversation? (does not seek to restate what has already been said) Is this research question objective and unbiased? (does not assume the outcome and is written in third-person perspective) Revised Research Question: Yes Yes Yes How does college debt affect future life choices in college graduates? (Make sure you answer “yes” to all checklist items and use the feedback from your instructor.) ONCE YOU HAVE RECEIVED FEEDBACK FROM YOUR I NSTRUCTOR I N THE WEEK 1 I NSTRUCTOR MEETUP QUIZ, FI NALIZE YOUR RESEARCH QUESTI ON, AND ADD I T TO THE “FI NAL DECISIONS” TABL E ON THE COVER PAGE. TROUBLE GETTING STARTED? TRY ONE OF THESE FORMULAS: How has ___________College debt_______________ impacted ______graduates life choices________________? Where is the common ground between _____________________________ and _______________________? What is a viable solution to the problem of _________________________________________________? 4 Why has ____________________________________ been changed by ________________________________? 5 SECTI ON THREE: KEYWO RD GENERATI ON COMPLETE THI S SECTION DURING WEEKS 1 – 4 Use sections 2.1 and 3.1 of College Writing Handbook along with information from LibraryU to develop keywords. Keep track of your keywords here throughout class. Write down the keywords as you use them, and cross out any keywords that are not productive. KEYWORDS FROM THE NEWS: Student loan debt, college loan KEYWORDS FROM THE INTERNET: Student loan debt, negative effect , KEYWORDS FROM ENCYCLOPEDIAS, WIKIS, AND OTHER INFORMAL SOURCES: Student loan, college loan, negative impact SEARCH TERMS Andrew Keshner FIELD: AUTHOR SEARCH TERMS “How student-loan debt affects the rest of your life” FIELD: TITLES SEARCH TERMS College debt FIELD: SUBJECT SEARCH TERMS College debt’s impact on students’ future life choices BASIC SEARCH BAR 6 SECTI ON FOUR: RESEAR CH NOTES COMPLETE THI S SECTION DURING WEEKS 2-4; USE ONE TABLE FOR EACH SOURCE SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Minicozzi, A. (2005). The short term effect of educational debt on job decisions. Economics of Education Review, 24(4), 417-430. CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) the source was established back in 2005,the topic may work with both current and older sources, this is because the older ones provide room for comparing past and current information Relevance: The information provided in this source is relevant, it is relevant for anyone beyond the eighth grade Authority: The author of this piece is Minicozzi, he is an authorized author as the organization affiliation associated with it is Economics of Education Review. Accuracy: The article is supported by the peer-reviewed sources and thus accurate, therefore the evidence is credible and relevant Purpose: The purpose of this piece is to contribute to the existing body of knowledge. Furthermore, the information is aimed at informing the audience. READING NOTES: The article explains the impact of college loan on the future employment decisions. The article shows that those students with high amount of loan will face some challenges coming up with employment decision. 7 Through various instances and case studies provided in this case, this article will significantly contribute significantly in for my research success. QUOTES: (including page number) “Using data for men in the 1987 National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey, I find that higher educational debt is associated with higher initial wage rate the year after finishing school and lower wage growth over the next 4 years,” (15). 8 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Glater, J. D. (2015). Student debt and higher education risk. CaLiF. L. Rev., 103, 1561. CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information The information is updated thus relevant for this study from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this Relevance: source does not pass the The information is supported by credible sources and thus relevant CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) Authority: Accuracy: Purpose: READING NOTES: Summarize the information in your own words. Be complete and specific. Do not copy from the source or its abstract. Explain how this source provides information that will help you answer your research question. 9 QUOTES: (including page number) 10 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Elliott, W. and Lewis, M. (2015), STUDENT DEBT EFFECTS ON FINANCIAL WELL‐BEING: RESEARCH AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS. Journal of Economic Surveys, 29: 614-636. doi:10.1111/joes.12124 CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information The source was established in the recent years from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this Relevance: source does not pass the The evidence comes from relevant sources and thus credible CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) Authority: The authors were guided and governed by credible organizations Accuracy: The information comes from credible sources thus peer reviewed, this makes the information accurate Purpose: The objective of this piece is to establish the economic impact of the student debts READING NOTES: Generally, the article summarizes the effect of student debt and it concludes that students with student loan have poor financial life, compromised capability to accumulate capital, low net worth, low name equity contrasted to other learners without debt. The correlation between the future life and student debt is important for this research 11 QUOTES: (including page number) “Indebted college graduates have lower net worth, less home equity, and compromised ability to accumulate assets, as compared to their peers with the same level of education but no student debt. They may also experience poorer educational outcomes, with independent effects on earning power and, then, later wealth accumulation,” (620). 12 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Liz Thomas (2002) Student retention in higher education: the role of institutional habitus, Journal of Education Policy, 17:4, 423-442, DOI: 10.1080/02680930210140257 CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) Despite the fact that this resource is older, it still has relevant information for the study Relevance: This is important as it continue relevant evidence for my study topic Authority: The author of the piece was under the regulation of educational organizations Accuracy: The information is accurate uses various credible sources Purpose: The aim of this paper is to depict the impact of college loan on higher education students READING NOTES: The article explains the impact that varsities have on the retention rate of the learners, it likewise explains the impact of poverty and debt on the life of the learners. This piece will be important as it will discuss the issue of student loan from a different perspective 13 QUOTES: (including page number) “many students cope with poverty, high levels of debt and significant burdens of paid work to successfully complete their courses of study,” (430). 14 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Kirby, C. (2018). How Student Loan Debt Can Derail Your Future. (2018). Wise Bread. Retrieved 1 September 2019, from https://www.wisebread.com/how-student-loan-debt-can-derail-yourfuture CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The evidence provided is up-to-date Relevance: This info is pertinent to the research as it is acquired from the credible source Authority: The article is companied sponsored and thus dependable Accuracy: The information contained is accurate compared to other sources Purpose: The aim of this paper is to illustrate how student loan READING NOTES: The article explains that the life of students who secure students loan has high probability of have some challenges in life which basically derail their future This source provides detailed information regarding the effect of college loan on students future and thus contributing to the study 15 QUOTES: (including page number) "... Increases in student loan debt might be a key factor pushing homeownership rates down in recent years through effects on borrowers' ability to qualify for a mortgage and their desire to take on more debt. Corroborating this claim, recent surveys have found that many young individuals view student loan debt as a major impediment to home buying," (5). 16 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Caldwell, M.(2019). Ways Your Student Loans Are Ruining Your Future Finances. The Balance. Retrieved 1 September 2019, from https://www.thebalance.com/ways-your-student-loans-hurt-you4026671. CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The article was authored on this year and thus it contains updated information Relevance: The article is relevant to my study as it directly answers the research question directly. Authority: The article is authored under authority as the contact information provided about the author is valid, furthermore, the author has experience when it comes to dealing with matters related to loans and credits Accuracy: The article has been cited severally, it has also been shared by various readers, this shows its credibility Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explains various ways how student loans affect personal development READING NOTES: The article provides several ways through which the student loan may affect personal development. According to the article, the college loan has a significant effect on income to debt ratio. 17 The article has listed various ways through which the student loan affects one’s financial life, this is important to my research as it will provide all the necessary information QUOTES: (including page number) “Your student loans can affect your debt to income ratio. This is the ratio that determines how much your income is taken up by debt payments. Lenders will look at this to determine if you qualify for a car loan or for a mortgage. Most experts suggest staying at a 36% of less debt to income ratio,” (2). 18 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Myers, W. (2019). The effect of student loans on your future: What to know before applying for financial aid. Retrieved 1 September 2019, from https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/applyingfinancial-aid-student-loans-are-mortgage-your-future-noncna944971 . CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The article contains the current evidence related to student loan Relevance: The information contained in this piece is relevant to the topic selected for the project Authority: Myers is an experienced author and has a reputation of bringing up relevant content Accuracy: The article contains reliable information and it has used credible sources Purpose: The tenacity of this piece is to support different subsets of the research problem presented READING NOTES: The article woos the higher education learners to avoid student loans as much as they can to avoid chaos in their future life 19 The sources combine a number of concepts which significantly support this project QUOTES: (including page number) “Schools must also keep students informed about their debt while they're enrolled. Public colleges in Indiana, for instance, must send students an annual report on the amount they've borrowed, along with links to financial literacy resources. According to a study from the Federal Reserve, programs like these keep students focused on their academic goals and encourage them to borrow less,” (3). 20 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Kenny, D., T. (2010). The Effect of Student Debt on Caree Choices. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2010. Retrieved, September 1, 2019. https://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bcir:102348/datastream/PDF/view CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The evidence contained in updated Relevance: The info is relevant as this is a thesis which was approved by the organization Authority: The author is verified and was sponsored by an organization Accuracy: The info is dependabe and accurate thus dependable Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the impact that student loan has on career choice READING NOTES: In general, this thesis describes the impact of student loan when it comes to future career selection The results for the research will be important for this research as it will provide the literature 21 QUOTES: (including page number) “Overall, the effect of student loans on career choices is negative. My respondents confirmed the initial fears I possessed when beginning this research study. In the battle between economic pragmatism and the pursuits of one’s passions, the former decisively won out. Simply put, too much debt consisted for my respondents to follow their dreams of performing service or attending graduate school immediately after receiving their undergraduate degree,” (30). 22 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: Belasco, A. (2015). The life-altering impact of student loan debt. Retrieved September 1, 2019. https://www.collegetransitions.com/blog/the-life-altering-impact-ofstudent-loan-debt. CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The article was established within the last three years and thus it has the updated information Relevance: This piece is important in my research topic as it contain rich info linked to this topic Authority: The research was conducted under the sponsorship of the college, the author is likewise a registered counselor and a researcher Accuracy: The information is accurate and reliable as it is supported by numerous sources Purpose: The objective of this article is to show the correlation between the college loans and life burdens READING NOTES: The article explains the effect of student loan as life burden, future education, and career option The article contains rich information regarding the topic selected 23 QUOTES: (including page number) “A recent survey found that only 13% of workers worldwide actually enjoy their jobs—talk about a depressing statistic. No one’s goal is to join the 87% for whom work leaves something to be desired, but being boxed in by cumbersome student loans makes you far more likely to be part of this unsatisfied cohort. While there are plenty of people satisfied and fulfilled by their careers in lucrative professions, there are also many who despise their jobs but are stuck in a type of indentured servitude, working long, stressful hours just to meet their massive monthly student loan payments,” (4). 24 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE REFERENCE CITATION: National Debt Relief. (2014). 5 Ways Student Loans Are Jeopardizing Our Future. Retrieved September 1, 2019. CRAAP TEST: Currency: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) The article contains updated info as it was written three four years ago Relevance: The article contains relevant info as it will help in answering different prompts of my study question Authority: The article was written by the organization and thus it is credible Accuracy: The information was obtained from a credible source and thus accuracy Purpose: The objective of this piece is to depict how student loans affect student future READING NOTES: The article describes five ways on how the student debt jeopardize their future Through rich information contained in the article, it will be easier to work on the project 25 QUOTES: (including page number) “Since your income will be tied up to your student loan payments, you will lose a lot of chances to make investments that will help you grow your personal wealth. These can be a house, or even a car. It can even be your retirement fund,” (1). 26 SOURCE TYPE: PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY, TRADE/POPULAR/SCHOLARLY/OTHER APA-STYLE Yeseul, C. (2014). Debt and College Students' Life Transitions: The Effect of Educational REFERENCE Debt on Career Choice in America. Journal of Student Financial Aid. Retrieved September CITATION: 1, 2019.https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/27eb/2e3129a80c8f1d31281bbb50dc7e5b16d015.pdf. CRAAP TEST: (Use the information from Section 3.2 in College Writing Handbook. If this source does not pass the CRAAP test, do not continue; move on to the next source.) Currency: The article was established within the time frame of five years, this makes it recent. Relevance: The article is relevant to the research as it will add to the existing knowledge, it likewise answers the research question Authority: The author was sponsored by the organization thus credible Accuracy: The article contains peer reviewed sources and thus accurate Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explain more on the impact of educational debt in student future life READING NOTES: The article researches on the effect of student loan on their future life and afterwards recommends some policies which can be established by law makers to solve the problem The purpose of this article is to evaluate the challenge of student loan and offer solution 27 QUOTES: (including page number) “The effect of debt differs by attitudes about foregone income. Forgone income has a significant negative effect on students’ decisions to pursue master’s degrees, but has no effect on doctoral program attendance. According to this result, unlike master’s students, doctoral students do not seem concerned about levels of debt and immediate foregone income,” (31). 28 SECTI ON FI VE: THESI S STATEMENT & TI TLE DEVELOPMENT COMPLETE THI S SECTION DURING WEEKS 3 – 4 Use sections 2.1 and 2.2 of College Writing Handbook along with information from the writing center to develop a working thesis statement and working title. Make sure the thesis statement directly answers your research question and ensure that it is based on the research, not on assumption, opinion, or bias. Keep track of your revisions throughout class. Be sure to review feedback provided by the writing center, peer reviewers, and your instructor. RESEARCH QUESTION: RESEARCH-BASED ANSWER TO THE RESEARCH QUESTION (WORKING THESIS STATEMENT): REVISED THESIS STATEMENT: FINAL THESIS STATEMENT: ONCE YOU HAVE RECEIVED FEEDBACK FROM YOUR I NSTRUCTOR, CLASSMATES, AND WRI TING CENTER, FI NALIZE YOUR THESIS STATEMENT, AND ADD I T TO THE “FI NAL DECISIONS” TABL E ON THE COVER PAGE. WORKING TITLE: REVISED TITLE: FINAL TITLE: ONCE YOU HAVE RECEIVED FEEDBACK FROM YOUR I NSTRUCTOR, CLASSMATES, AND WRI TING CENTER, FI NALIZE YOUR TI TLE, AND ADD I T TO THE “FI NAL DECISIONS” TABLE ON THE CO VER PAGE. 29 REFLECTI ON SPACE USE THI S PAGE TO REFLECT ON YOUR RESEARC H EXPERIENCE AND TAK E ADDI TIONAL NOTES DURING YOUR RESEARCH PR OCESS. TRACK YOUR EXPERIENCE AND MAKE NOTES TO I NFORM YOUR FUTURE TI ME MANAGEMENT PLAN. 30
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