After reading Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) [Book 2], explain the following: Which constitutional amendment is at issue in the case, and what right(s) does it encompass? What did the United States Supreme Court decide in this case and why? How could you argue that criminal defense for the indigent IS working the way it should, even after watching this video [] that focuses on HBO’s “Gideon’s Army?” After reading Chapter 17 [Book 2], explain the following: What is the two-part test discussed in Strickland v. Washington (1984)? Compare and contrast the United States Supreme Court decisions in Strickland, Harrington v. Richter (2011), and Lafler v. Cooper (2012). After reading Chapter 6 [Book 1], explain the following: How do collateral consequences and ineffective assistance of counsel intersect in Padilla v. Kentucky (2010)? Compare and contrast the United States Supreme Court decisions in Chaidez v. United States (2013), Padilla, and Wiggins v. Smith (2003). After reading Michigan v. Bryant (2011) [Book 2], explain the following: What is the Confrontation Clause and what is its significance in criminal cases? What is hearsay? Why was hearsay at issue in Bryant? What did the United States Supreme Court decide in Bryant and why? After reading Chapter 18 [Book 1], explain the following: What are the three types of plea bargaining, and how does each of these types differ? Now that you are familiar with the arguments for and against plea bargaining, do you think that it should continue in the United States? Why or why not? Required Textbooks: Hemmens, C. (2015). Current Legal Issues in Criminal Justice: Readings, 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press. (ISBN: 9780199355334) Israel, J. H., Kamisar, Y., LaFave, W. R., King, N. J., & Primus, E. B. (2018). Criminal Procedure and the Constitution: Leading Supreme Court Cases and Introductory Text. West Academic Publishing. (ISBN: 9781640207493)

1.Describe how the conflict and consensus models discussed in chapter 9 apply to viewing criminal justice as a system. (350 word minimum. site source no plagiarism) 2.In chapter 9, lack of adequate public financing for the criminal justice system was discussed as a factor in criminal justice administrators not being able to achieve their goals. Do you think that this situation will change in the future? (350 word minimum. site source no plagiarism) 3.Check the mission and/or value statements of various criminal justice agencies on the Internet. Can you find Social Equity concepts within these statements? (350 word minimum. site source no plagiarism) 4. What is the difference between positive and negative discipline. Using a criminal justice organization’s functions and criminal justice employees, provide at least three examples of both positive and negative discipline. 

Your paper should be eight to ten pages in length [minimum 1750 words] (not including reference pages or title page), double-spaced, and in a 12-point font. Longer or shorter papers will be accepted as long as writing is both concise and complete. Each paper should include an APA style reference section. Refer to the book Publication manual of the American Psychological Association for information on formatting in APA style.Your paper will be graded on analysis of issues, organization/formatting, sources and authorities, and grammar/writing mechanicsScenario for Research PaperOfficer Speedy of the Saint Leo police department was patrolling in her cruiser around midnight last night. A black sports car came careening around the corner and almost hit the cruiser. Officer Speedy pursued the sports car at a rate of speed in excess of 100 mph through downtown Saint Leo. The bars were closing and a number of people were in the area. Officer Speedy lost control of the cruiser, jumped a curb, and hit and killed a pedestrian on the sidewalk. The sports car driver looked back to see what happened to the cruiser and drove into a telephone pole, killing him. The family of the pedestrian is threatening to sue the Sheriff and the city of Saint Leo. The family of the sports car driver is threatening to sue the Sheriff and the city of Saint Leo. The sheriff wants to know if either party has any legitimate claims, and if so, what are they? The department does not have a “hot pursuit” policy. Is that going to hurt the Sheriff’s case against any lawsuits? The Sheriff wants to know if she should discipline Officer Speedy and, if so, what are the arguments for and against.CRJ 550Legal Issues in Criminal Justice AdministrationResearch Paper GuidelinesYour major writing requirement for this course will be due at the end of Module 7. You will be provided with a number of scenarios which give rise to a variety of legal issues. Your assignment is to identify the legal issues in one of the scenarios, research those issues, and make recommendations for addressing those issues. This will really help you learn to write and correctly document a research paper. And, if you feel you already are an accomplished researcher and writer, it will enhance your ability to perform research. General Instructions 1. TechnicalThe completed research paper should be typed in MS Word only, Arial or Times New Roman, 12 pt font, double-spaced format with footnotes and bibliographic references, not less than 8 pages nor exceeding 12 pages in length. It will have a minimum word count of 1750 words. This page requirement does not include an abstract or bibliography page. Always check for grammar, spelling, and proper citation before submitting your work. It is expected that the student will devote a great deal of initiative toward producing a quality product worthy of the high academic standards established at Saint Leo University. This research paper is worth 27 points and will represent 27% of the final course grade. This is not a personal opinion paper; all of it must be backed up by your research. Your paper should cite those sources you are relying on to formulate the pros and cons as well as your final recommendations. Your paper should include a minimum of five reference sources. These references can be five cases or five journal articles or a combination of cases and articles. As discussed in the syllabus, Saint Leo University uses Turnitin to validate the originality of a student’s work. Turnitin is integrated into the Research Paper Dropbox and your paper will be assigned an originally score. Any papers with an originality score of greater than 15% will be subject to an automatic score of 0, as well as potentially subjecting to the student to referral to the Academic Standards Committee for an academic integrity review. A tip: Do not wait until the last few days before the paper is due, to submit it to the Dropbox. A paper may be resubmitted to the Dropbox should the originality score be too high, provided it is still before the final due date for the assignment.Please note that your instructor is available to assist you at any time. All you have to do is ask! 2. BackgroundYou are the Special Assistant to the Saint Leo Chief of Police (or, Saint Leo County Sheriff, as you prefer). As such, you are a very trusted and dependable aide. The chief relies on you for your good judgment, experience, and analytical abilities. The Chief/Sheriff is fairly new to the Saint Leo Police Department (SLPD/SLCSO). There are many problems in the department, not all of which are the fault of this chief. However, the Chief/Sheriff wants to address some of the more pressing problems and resolve them, without litigation if possible. The Department’s General Counsel is involved in ongoing litigation and is not available to provide guidance, and outside counsel is expensive and premature at this point. The Chief/Sheriff knows you are not an attorney, but you do have a Master’s degree in Criminal Justice Administration from Saint Leo University. The Chief/Sheriff knows that this respected institution has educated you well for this task. Therefore, the Chief/Sheriff needs your analysis of the facts and the relevant law on the problems presented. The various problems confronting the Chief/Sheriff can be found at the end of this document. Be sure to notify your professor by the conclusion of Module 2 as to the scenario you are selecting.3. FormatYour paper is to be structured as follows for each separate fact situation you are researching. In your paper, put each of the sub-headings listed below in bold, so that it is clear to the reader that you are following the mandatory format: Summary of Facts – This is a summary of the facts which are relevant to the issue you are researching. You may add some facts but only if they are necessary to your research.Issues Presented – What legal issues are created by the facts with which you are presented? The Sheriff usually presents more than one.Arguments Presented by Each Side – How many sides are there? What is the best case for each side?Applicable Law – This is where you describe the cases, statutes, regulations, and other sources from your research which are relevant to your issues. If some of the cases briefed in the course apply to your issues, you may cite them. However, you must also show that you have conducted independent research and describe different cases which are relevant.Recommendation – This is where you advise the Sheriff as to what decisions should be made regarding the issues at hand.Reasons – In this section, tell the Sheriff why you made those recommendations. Remember, the Sheriff wants the legal basis for your recommendations, NOT your personal opinions.Core Values – In this section, describe the Saint Leo core values which are implicated in the arguments presented by each side and in your recommendations.Bibliography – This should contain non-legal references only. Legal case citations should be in footnotes in the body of your paper; follow APA guidelines for citations.Address each fact situation in your selected scenario separately and write your advisory memorandum to the Sheriff, using each of the sub-headings above. Then go on to the next fact situation and repeat the format. The mandatory format is designed to assist you with focusing on all of the issues while addressing them as separate issues. Some may be easier to address than others.4. Grading StandardsIdentification of Issues and Relevant Facts: ____/5 points Organization (follows format): ____/5 points Sources and Authorities (case law, statutes, scholarly journal articles): ____/5 points Mechanics and Writing Process (spelling, grammar, proper citation, clarity of thought/writing): ____/5 points Analysis (depth of analysis of the issues researched): ____/5 points Core Value Integration: ____/2 points 5. Citation FormatThe Sherriff wants to read your legal memo, not a bunch of text citations, so put them in footnotes. APA provides for this. This does not mean you should not have a well-researched memo, with abundant citations; rather, it simply means you should put your citations in footnotes. As always, please feel free to contact the instructor at any time if there are issues or questions!