ENG1302 Dallas County Community The Cask of Amontillado Literary Analysis

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Humanities

ENG1302

Dallas County Community College District

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3-4 pages analysis essay about a short story ( The Cask of Amontillado 4 pages story) for more detailed instructions open the PowerPoint file USING SLIDES 63-79 ONLY, because the rest of the slides are for a different assignment.

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ENGL 1302 – FALL 2019 ALEX KURIAN - NLC What is argument/arguing?  Not a fight!!  Argumentative writing – taking a strong personal position on a significant, social, controversial issue, and by the use of evidence and specific strategies, explaining that position, defending that position, responding to counterarguments for that position, and suggesting a solution for that position. Argumentative Writing as a Process  The aim is to produce something that is understandable and persuasive.  Persuade = change someone’s paradigm/ perspective  Specific evidence  Clear language/definition of terms (recognizing their denotations and connotations) Argument – A Process  Logos – information  Pathos - emotions  Ethos - ethics Requirements of Essay 1  Must write on first topic in your list of assigned topics  Have at least three reasons to justify your position (but not more than five)  Have a separate paragraph (between the intro and body) to give some additional context/background of the issue Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  Body - explain & defend reasons with evidence  In each reason, you must indicate one strategy you have used in that reason (indicated with ** and name of the strategy at the beginning of the first paragraph for each reason) Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  Don’t indicate the same strategy in more than one reason  Have a separate paragraph between body and conclusion that contains two counterarguments  Concluding paragraph will be just the solution (no summary!) Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  Length: Cited) 6-8 pages (not counting Works  Length starts with first word of intro para (NOT top of first page)  Make sure on each full page you have 23 lines total; otherwise, you will have to make up those lines on the last page to meet the minimum length requirement. Outline of Essay 1 Intro (1 para, ¼ - ½ page or 5-10 lines): Any intro technique(s) and thesis  Background (1 para, ¼ - ½ page or 5-10 lines): Any two history/background techniques  Body (multiple paras, ¼ - ¾ page each or 5-18 lines): Explain reasons with evidence  Counterarguments (1 para, no more12 lines): Two counterarguments and their responses  Conclusion (1 para, ½ - ¾ page or 10-18 lines): Solution (no summary)  Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  You must have at least 2 print sources in the essay (book, magazine, newspaper, journal, catalog, etc)  They must be accessed in the original printed form (e-book, PDF, or anything else accessed electronically does not count as a print source) Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  At least 1of your 2 print sources must be used in the body of your essay (the other can also be used in the body or in the introduction, background para, counterarguments para or conclusion) Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  Must attach photocopy or picture of each print source used (no credit for print sources otherwise)  Photocopy/picture must show the cover along with the page/ information you actually used and the lines/sentences you quoted must be underlined Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  If the source is from a library, the picture must also show the library barcode/sticker Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  You must also have at least 4 online sources in the essay.  These must be DCCCD academic database sources.  Once you have these, you may add additional sources apart from the database, as long as they are reliable. Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  At least 2 of your 4 online database sources must be used in the body of your essay (the others can also be used in the body or in the introduction, background para, counterarguments para or conclusion)  You do not need to submit pictures or printouts of your online sources Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  Personal experience – can be used in only one reason, up to ½ page (10 lines)  How much documented evidence – one documented evidence for every 10 lines in your paragraph.  Any numerical data must be from 2014 onwards Requirements of Essay 1 (cont’d)  For the 6 required sources (2 print and 4 online), you must quote something from them, not simply paraphrase.  After you have at least one quote from each of the required sources, if you want to paraphrase, you can.  You should have no more than two paraphrases in the essay. Parts of an Essay  Title  Introduction  Body  Conclusion  Works Cited Guidelines for a Proper Title  Purpose of the title is identification  Should indicate subject and position of essay  Should not be more than 6 words Introduction – First Impression  Should be a preview/guide to your essay  Must include your thesis statement  Must include one introductory strategy  No apologies in introduction! Thesis Statement (The Main Idea of Your Paper)  One thesis per paper  Only one sentence  Combination of fact and opinion  Avoid phrases such as – in my opinion, I think, I believe, it seems to me, I feel A Thesis Should Contain…  Your topic  Your position on the topic  At least 3 reasons to support your position (but no more than 5) Introductory Techniques  Tell a relevant story  State why your topic is important  Relevant quotation(s)  Relevant example(s)  Relevant question(s) [not more than 3] Techniques(cont’d)  Length of introduction – 1 paragraph, ¼ to ½ page (5-10 lines) Background Paragraph  Purpose: To provide some additional context to your issue  Should include only 2 of the following techniques…  How long the issue has been in existence (origins of the issue)  What parts of the world/country are most affected by the issue (need specific data) Background Para (cont’d)  Any significant rulings/laws related to the issue (e.g. Roe v.Wade)  Any significant event(s) related to the issue (e.g. 9/11)  Dictionary/official concepts/terms  Any definitions of any key significant person/people/groups involved with the issue History/Background Para (cont’d)  Do not repeat anything already mentioned in intro  No personal experience in this para  Length: ¼ - ½ page (5-10 lines) Body Paragraphs  Where you explain or prove your thesis with evidence.  Every reason must have at least one piece of evidence Characteristics of Evidence  Relevant  Specific  Adequate  Accurate  Representative  Verifiable Characteristics of Evidence (cont’d)  Make sure evidence is understandable to audience  Treat all issues as ‘sensitive issues’ (balance between arguing and offending)  Statistics must contain the sample size. List of Strategies  Opposites or Contraries  Comparison-Contrast*  Cause-Effect*  Induction/Deduction*  Narration/Description*  Process List of Strategies (cont’d)  Classification  Emotion  Definition  Hypothetical Situation  *Counts as only one strategy Body Paragraphs  Write paras that are focused, developed and organized  Length of paras: ¼ - ¾ (5-18 lines) of a page. Have balance among reasons!  How  Ask many paras per reason – you decide yourself – would my paper be any different if I took this paragraph out? The Research Process  Research involves finding, evaluating, using & documenting sources  Most important consideration when evaluating a source – who is the author or manager or editor of the information? Plagiarism  Plagiarism is using another person’s language or ideas without acknowledging them or using them and acting as if they were your own.  Plagiarism is derived from the Latin word for kidnapper or thief. Plagiarism (cont’d)  Plagiarism is treated so seriously because you are trying to be someone you are not and not acknowledging the hard work or effort of someone else. Types of Plagiarism  Deliberate plagiarism – with intent  Accidental/unintentional plagiarism – due to carelessness, hurry, or ignorance Cite Sources…  When you quote an entire sentence word for word  When you quote part of a sentence word for word  When using your own language but based on someone else’s idea (paraphrasing) Works Cited vs Bibliography  Bibliography – can list all sources referenced or referred to even if they do not appear in your paper  Works Cited – can list only those sources actually used in your paper  We are using Works Cited Indicating Sources in Paper I. By name of author  According to name of author, “72% of people that….”  “72% of 300 people surveyed stated that….” (name of author).  Name of author = first & last name or just last name, NOT just first name. Indicating Sources in Paper II. By name of source (e.g. book/article).  According to name of source, “72% of people that….”  “72% of 300 people surveyed stated that….” (name of source). Indicating Sources in Paper  If source is book/magazine/newspaper/ website put in italics.  If source is name of article put in quotation marks. Indicating Sources in Paper  Can use various verbs for introducing quotes (asserts, believes, claims, reports, observes, etc)  Quote should not be more than 4 lines  Quote should not be in first or last sentence of any paragraph.  For print sources, page number(s) should be indicated. Indicating Sources in Paper  For the 6 required sources (2 print and 4 database), you must quote something from them, not simply paraphrase.  After you have at least one quote from each of the required sources, if you want to paraphrase, you can.  You should have no more than two paraphrases in the essay. Formatting (MLA) Times New Roman, size 12 font  1-inch margins all around  Double-spaced  Black ink, white paper  Stapled (in order!)  Layout of first page – see example essay on ecampus  Need last name and page number in top right corner of every page  Formatting (MLA)  6-8 pages of content (Works Cited page does not count)  Length starts with first word of intro para (NOT top of first page)  Make sure on each full page you have 23 lines total; otherwise, you will have to make up those lines on the last page to meet the minimum length requirement. Formatting (cont’d)  Format of entries – must follow current MLA standards (handout on e-campus).  Every entry in works cited page must correspond to an entry in your paper and vice versa. Counterarguments  Responding to the points made by the opposing side  Shows you have thought about the issue from different viewpoints/ angles before coming to your decision. Counterarguments (cont’d)  Also shows you recognize “flaws” or “weaknesses” in your own position but that you still think your position is the better one  We cannot address all counterarguments – must address only two How to Find Counterarguments  Research  “Flipping” one of your own reasons Format of Counterarguments  Each counterarguments has two parts - stating the counterargument - your response to it  Must use the exact wording given for both sections to get credit for it Format of Counterarguments  State the counterargument: - My opponents* may say/argue that….  *[those on the other side, those who disagree with me, proponents of the counter position, those who are for/against, those with a different point of view] Format of Counterarguments  Respond to the counterargument: - However, I would respond by saying that…  If you want to use outside sources in counterarguments, you can, but it is not required Location & Length of Counterarguments  Both counterarguments will be in one paragraph, between the body and conclusion.  This paragraph should not exceed 12 lines Proposing a Solution Do not make an argument without proposing a solution  Anyone can complain/point out a problem!  A solution shows you have thought deeply and seriously about the issue  II. Ask for a specific response  Don’t be vague  Don’t be unsure  I. Proposing a Solution (cont’d)  III. Know the particulars regarding your solution  What is it going to involve in terms of factors such as time, money, effort, and image?  What are its benefits/risks? Proposing a Solution (cont’d)  IV. Don’t ask for too much  Be reasonable  Don’t ask your audience to do something you wouldn’t do  V. Offer realistic solutions  Keep audience and their limitations/ context in mind  Don’t offer “blanket” solutions Proposing a Solution (cont’d)  VI. Don’t feel you always have to come up with an original idea  If something has worked elsewhere, nothing wrong in suggesting it  Show specific examples of how it has worked in the past  You can also modify existing solutions Proposing a Solution (cont’d)  Solution lines) will be last paragraph of essay (10-18  If you want to use outside sources in solution you can, but it is not required  Don’t have more than two solutions in this paragraph Proposing a Solution (cont’d)  To sum up, make sure your solution is…  Relevant  Specific  Logical  Practical/realistic  Ethical/moral E d g a r A l l a n P o e p The Cask of Amontillado F I gave Fortunato no cause to doubt me. I continued to smile in his face, and he did not understand that I was now smiling at the thought of what I planned for him, at the thought of my revenge. Fortunato was a strong man, a man to be feared. But he had one great weakness: he liked to drink good wine, and indeed he drank much of it. So he knew a lot about fine wines, and proudly believed that he was a trained judge of them. I, too, knew old wines well, and 68 E d g a r A l l a n P o e : S t o r y t e l l e r I bought the best I could find. And wine, I thought, wine would give me my revenge! It was almost dark, one evening in the spring, when I met Fortunato in the street, alone. He spoke to me more warmly than was usual, for already he had drunk more wine than was good for him. I acted pleased to see him, and I shook his hand, as if he had been my closest friend. “Fortunato! How are you?” “Montresor! Good evening, my friend.” “My dear Fortunato! I am indeed glad that I have met you. I was just thinking of you. For I have been tasting my new wine. I have bought a full cask of a fine wine which they tell me is Amontillado. But….” “Amontillado! Quite impossible.” “I know. It does not seem possible. As I could not find you I was just going to talk to Luchresi. If anyone understands wines it is Luchresi. He will tell me….” “Luchresi? He does not know one wine from another!” “But they say he knows as much about wines as you know.” “Ho! — Come. Let us go.” “Go where?” “To your vaults. To taste the wine.” “No, my friend, no. I can see that you are not well. And the vaults are cold and wet.” “I do not care. Let us go. I’m well enough. The cold is nothing. Amontillado! Someone is playing games with you. And Luchresi! Ha! Luchresi knows nothing about wines, nothing at all.” As he spoke, Fortunato took my arm, and I allowed him to hurry me to my great stone palace, where my family, the Montresors, had lived for centuries. There was no one at home. I had told the servants that they must not leave the palace, as I would not return until the following morning and they must care for the place. This, I knew, was enough to make it certain that they would all leave as soon as my back was turned. I took down from their places on the wall two brightly burning lights. I gave one of these to Fortunato and led him to a wide doorway. There we could see the stone steps going down into the darkness. 69 E d g a r A l l a n P o e Asking him to be careful as he followed, I went down before him, down under the ground, deep under the old walls of my palace. We came finally to the bottom of the steps and stood there a moment together. The earth which formed the floor was cold and hard. We were entering the last resting place of the dead of the Montresor family. Here too we kept our finest wines, here in the cool, dark, still air under the ground. Fortunato’s step was not sure, because of the wine he had been drinking. He looked uncertainly around him, trying to see through the thick darkness which pushed in around us. Here our brightly burning lights seemed weak indeed. But our eyes soon became used to the darkness. We could see the bones of the dead lying in large piles along the walls. The stones of the walls were wet and cold. From the long rows of bottles which were lying on the floor, among the bones, I chose one which contained a very good wine. Since I did not have anything to open the bottle with, I struck the stone wall with it and broke off the small end. I offered the bottle to Fortunato. “Here, Fortunato. Drink some of this fine Medoc. It will help to keep us warm. Drink!” “Thank you, my friend. I drink to the dead who lie sleeping around us.” “And I, Fortunato — I drink to your long life.” “Ahh! A very fine wine, indeed! But the Amontillado?” “It is farther on. Come.” We walked on for some time. We were now under the river’s bed, and water fell in drops upon us from above. Deeper into the ground we went, past still more bones. “Your vaults are many, and large. There seems to be no end to them.” “We are a great family, and an old one. It is not far now. But I can see you are trembling with the cold. Come! Let us go back before it is too late.” “It is nothing. Let us go on. But first, another drink of your Medoc!” I took up from among the bones another bottle. It was another wine of a fine quality, a De Grâve. Again I broke off the neck of the 70 E d g a r A l l a n P o e : S t o r y t e l l e r bottle. Fortunato took it and drank it all without stopping for a breath. He laughed, and threw the empty bottle over his shoulder. We went on, deeper and deeper into the earth. Finally we arrived at a vault in which the air was so old and heavy that our lights almost died. Against three of the walls there were piles of bones higher than our heads. From the fourth wall someone had pulled down all the bones, and they were spread all around us on the ground. In the middle of the wall was an opening into another vault, if I can call it that — a little room about three feet wide, six or seven feet high, and perhaps four feet deep. It was hardly more than a hole in the wall. “Go on,” I said. “Go in; the Amontillado is in there.” Fortunato continued to go forward, uncertainly. I fol­ lowed him immediately. Soon, of course, he reached the back wall. He stood there a moment, facing the wall, surprised and wondering. In that wall were two heavy iron rings. A short chain was hanging from one of these and a lock from the other. Before Fortunato could guess what was happening, I closed the lock and chained him tightly to the wall. I stepped back. “Fortunato,” I said. “Put your hand against the wall. You must feel how the water runs over it. Once more I ask you, please, will you not go back? No? If not, then I must leave you. But first I must do everything I can for you.” “But…But the Amontillado?” “Ah, yes, yes indeed; the Amontillado.” As I spoke these words I began to search among the bones. Throwing them to one side I found the stones which earlier I had taken down from the wall. Quickly I began to build the wall again, covering the hole where Fortunato stood trembling. “Montresor! What are you doing!?” 71 E d g a r A l l a n P o e I continued working. I could hear him pulling at the chain, shaking it wildly. Only a few stones remained to put in their place. “Montresor! Ha-ha. This is a very good joke, indeed. Many times will we laugh about it — ha-ha — as we drink our wine together — ha-ha.” “Of course. As we drink the Amontillado.” “But is it not late? Should we not be going back? They will be expecting us. Let us go.” “Yes. Let us go.” As I said this I lifted the last stone from the ground. “Montresor! For the love of God!!” “Yes. For the love of God!” I heard no answer. “Fortunato!” I cried. “Fortunato.” I heard only a soft, low sound, a half-cry of fear. My heart grew sick; it must have been the cold. I hurried to force the last stone into its position. And I put the old bones again in a pile against the wall. For half a century now no human hand has touched them. May he rest in peace! 72
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Analysis of Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Cask of Amontillado”
“The Cask of Amontillado” is a mid-19th-century short story written by Edgar Allan
Poe. In this short story, Poe describes how he planned and executed vengeance against a
friend who had apparently hurt him “a thousand times.” The story is described from a firstperson narrator, where the antagonist is the story’s narrator and main character. In this case,
Montresor appears to be narrating to an unnamed audience his plans to murder Fortunato as a
form of vengeance. The short story is narrated from a murderer’s perspective. In this case, one
can easily identify the author’s bias as he tries to portray his actions as justifiable and rational
despite his exhibition of insanity and maniac behavior.
The short story begins with Montressor, the narrator, providing scanty and intricate
details about the nature of Fortunato’s crimes against him. In this case, the reader learns that
both Montressor and Fortunato are wine connoisseurs and brewers. While Montressor
possesses a large stock of wine, Fortunato is known for his excessive drinking, which is a
habit that Montressor uses as bait during his plan for vengeance. These characters are
noblemen based on their wealth and the kind of lifestyle that they lead. After luring Fortunato
into a trap and taking him to his s...


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