American Public University System
American
Military
University
American
Public
University
APA Style and Formatting
THIS MODULE IS DESIGNED TO SHOW THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF APA STYLE WRITING
AND PROVIDE EXAMPLES OF APPROPRIATE APA GUIDELINES
SIXTH EDITION OF THE APA MANUAL
Updated 12/09
APA STYLE AND FORMATTING
This module is designed to show the basic
elements of APA style writing and provide
examples of appropriate APA guidelines;
however, it is not intended as an exhaustive
reference guide.
(Sixth Edition - 2010)
WHY USE APA?
APA writing style is used to assist in the formatting and
organization of written work for the presentation of
ideas
APA rules permit uniformity of many styles to one
consistent style
APA (Sixth Edition – effective 2010) has broadened its
audience since it is consulted not only by psychologists
but also by students & researchers in many fields such as
business, education, social work, nursing and many
other behavioral and social sciences
BASIC APA PAPER CONSIST OF:
The title page
Abstract (optional – ask instructor)
Text of the paper
Reference page
THE TITLE PAGE
APA requires five basic elements to your title page:
Running head is aligned on the left margin on the
same line as page number (page number is flush
right margin). Should read “Running head:
Notice the Running head is flush left and
the page number is flush right on the same line.
They are permanent. (NOTE: “Running head:”
should appear before the short title in the
header on the title page only. Thereafter, the
short title should appear in the header on its own
appearing on each page of the paper with only
page numbers changing). The title should be no
more than 12 words in length and should not
contain abbreviations. All letters of the title are
capitalized. Headers must be PERMANENT. The
Title page is always page 1. “Running head:”
should appear before the short title in the
header on the title page only. Thereafter, the
short title should appear in the header on its
own.
Running head: TITLE OF PAPER
Title of Paper
1
2. Title should typed in upper and
lower letters, centered and
positioned in the upper half of page
Author's Name
American Public University
3. Author’s Name
4. Institution affiliation
Note: We require you also
add course, professor name
and date – See next slide.
The Cover Page (or Title Page) is always page 1.
#5: Sixth Edition requires an author’s note which is not needed for essay papers.
ELEMENTS OF THE HEADER
Elements of the running head:
Make sure the words Running head are written out.
The word Running is capitalized, but the word head is not.
Place a colon (:) following the word head.
The running head title (not to exceed 50 characters, including
spaces and punctuation) is written in all capital letters.
The number of the page should be on the same line flush right.
TITLE
The title is typed in uppercase and lowercase letters and must be
centered in the upper half of your cover page.
Capitalize the significant words of the title. Do not capitalize words
such as: the, in, of, or, and, unless the word is the first word in the
title.
If the title contains two lines of text, double spacing between the lines is
required.
BYLINE, AFFILIATION,
COURSE INSTRUCTOR, AND DATE
Byline refers to the name of the person who is submitting the paper.
Type the byline in upper and lower case letters directly below the title and centered
on the page. Following the student name, the student number should be listed
in parenthesis. Example: Wesley G. Smith (001435)
Affiliation refers to the institution for which the paper was created. The affiliation
is the name of the university. Type the affiliation in upper and lower case letters
directly below the byline and centered on the page. Example: American
Military University
Add the Name of the Course next. Example: BUSN310
Type the instructor’s name in upper and lower case letters below the affiliation
information. Example: Professor Marie Bolyard
Type the date directly below the instructor name. Example: 03/10/2019
ABSTRACT
Some papers require an Abstract
Running head is permanent, therefore, will
appear at the top of the page.
The word “Abstract” is centered
on the page
TITLE OF PAPER
2
Abstract
No indention is needed. This is one
of the few times an indent is not
required
The length of the abstract should
Be one paragraph and consist of
150-250 words
This is a summary, not an introduction of the
paper. This is one of the few times an indent is
not required. The length of the abstract is one
paragraph (double spaced) and should consist of
150-250 words.
The Abstract page is always number 2
The abstract (in block format) begins on the
line following the Abstract heading. The
abstract is a one-paragraph, self-contained
summary of the most important elements of
the paper.
BASIC WRITING COMPONENTS
Title: Name your paper. The title can “hook” your readers.
Introduction Paragraph: Tell the readers what you are about to tell them. The
thesis statement is often the last sentence of the first paragraph.
Thesis Statement: Essentially, a thesis statement
answers the question, "What do I want my readers
to know after they have read my essay?"
Body: Tell them what you want to tell them.
The number of paragraphs will depend on the
length and complexity of your paper.
Concluding Paragraph: Tell your readers what you
have just told them. This is a short summary. You
should not introduce any new information.
WRITING TIPS
Brainstorming: Before beginning to write, take the time to put your ideas on paper.
Mind-mapping and list-making are two useful brainstorming techniques.
Organizing: Plan your paper or assignment. This may be as simple as a
chronological list of your points or as elaborate as a formal outline.
Multiple Drafts: Professional writers create multiple drafts of their writing. You
should too.
Extra Time: Quality writing takes time – lots of time.
Build in a cushion of extra time.
Allow Time Between Drafts: While a break of
twenty-four hours or more is ideal, a thirty minute
break will yield positive results.
Help From Others: Being mindful of plagiarism
and academic honesty, request proofreading help.
WRITING TIPS
Use Formal Voice: Academic writing is more formal than
casual conversations, emails, and instant messages.
Complete Sentences: Write in complete sentences.
Complete sentences contain both subjects and verbs.
Subject-Verb Agreement: Be sure your subject and
verb agree. For example, “we are” rather than “we is,”
“they did” rather than “they done.”
Verb Tense and Active Voice: Limit shifts in verb tense,
and use active voice rather than passive voice.
Awkward Phrasing: Use standard English phrasing.
For example, “try to do” rather than “try and do,”
“we went” rather than “us went.”
Long Paragraphs Preferred: Be sure your ideas are
fully developed in each of your paragraphs. This
usually results in paragraphs of five or more sentences.
WRITING TIPS
Full Wording Rather Than Contractions: Convert contractions
to their complete word-partner. For example:
▪ it’s = it is
▪ won’t = will not
▪ haven’t = have not
Homonyms: Homonyms are words that sound alike but are
spelled differently and have different definitions. For example,
new and knew, your and you’re, and know and no.
Non-words: Ensure that all your words are standard
English words. For example, “alot” is not a word.
Frequently Misspelled Words: Be alert for commonly
confused words. For example, possess and posses,
a lot and allot, definitely and defiantly, and their
and there.
etc.: Avoid using etc. at the end of a list unless it
is part of the quotation.
WRITING TIPS
You, your, yourself: Except when an informal
conversational tone is desired, avoid using 2nd
person "you, your, and yourself, and the like.
Parenthesis: Parentheses are most often used
in citations. Before using them in other applications,
consult the APA handbook for guidance.
Commas and Introductory Phrases: Usually
commas are placed between an introductory phrase
and the main sentence; however, commas are rarely
used to separate a concluding phrase.
Colon: Colons should only be used when the
introductory phrase is a complete sentence.
Semicolon: Semicolons are used to either connect
two complete sentences, or to connect a list
that contains commas.
Slashes: Use dashes rather than slashes.
WRITING TIPS
Punctuation when ending a Quote: If quotation is at the end of a sentence, close
quote with quotation marks, cite the source in parentheses, and end with a
period or other punctuation outside the final parenthesis. If quote is in midsentence, close quote with quotation marks, cite the source immediately after the
quotation marks, and continue the sentence. (6.03)
Question Marks and Quotation Marks:
Place question marks outside the quotation mark
unless the question mark is part of the quotation.
Single Quotation Marks: The only time you use
single quotation marks is inside of double quotation
marks.
Exclamation Points: Exclamation points should not be
used unless the exclamation point is part of a quotation.
Titles of Books and Magazines: Italicize
the title of books and magazines.
Bold: Use italicizing to emphasize
words rather than Bold Type Style.
SPELL-CHECKER, GRAMMAR-CHECKER, AND YOU
Use your word processor’s spell-checker
and grammar-checker to catch common
mistakes. Remember, these are tools and
neither is perfect.
Spell-checkers identify the words in its dictionary
but can not identify correct contextual spelling.
Grammar-checkers may fail to identify incorrect
punctuation or usage. It may also highlight
correct usage and punctuation.
You must follow along behind them to
ensure that the spelling and grammar
are correct.
BODY OF THE PAPER
The body must conform to many guidelines:
Running head: TITLE OF PAPER
Margins are set at 1 inch at top, bottom,
left and right
All text is double spaced
Clearly visible type, i.e. 12 point
Times Roman
3
Title of paper centered
Body of the paper requires many set rules
and guidelines. The examples shown are not
to scale, therefore, you must visit the online
library for exact placement within your
paper.
Center the title at the top of page. The title is written in
uppercase and lowercase letters.
Helpful tips:
*Tables (if applicable) are numbered sequentially and
labeled
Paragraphs are indented ½ inch
Be sure to consult all APA guidelines in all
aspects of your paper.
*Illustrations are also individually numbered and
treated like tables
GENERAL FORMATTING INFORMATION
Begin writing your paper on page two unless there is an Abstract or Table of Contents (the
cover page is page one). The page header on the top right hand side must reflect page
two, along with the running head.
Center the title at the top of page two. The title is written in uppercase and lowercase letters.
Margins are set at one inch (top, bottom, left, and right).
Double space the entire paper.
Use a typeface of 12-point Times New Roman
Indent the first line of every paragraph five spaces or ½ inch.
Type the entire paper left aligned.
WRITING THE PAPER
APA writing should be straightforward with an active voice
– i.e., “Jones developed the project..” instead of passive
voice – i.e. “The project was developed by Jones…”
Use past tense when describing earlier research
Spell out on first use of an acronym (example: American
Military University (AMU) – first use. Next time referenced
in paper use AMU).
QUOTES OF 40 WORDS OR MORE
Block quotations of 40 words or more: Indent (as if a new
paragraph) and continue to make each line of the quote begin
in the same place, creating a straight line on the left side of the
quotation, while the right side is jagged. If more than one
paragraph for the blocked quote, indent the first line of each
paragraph an additional half inch. Double space entire quote.
Do NOT use quotation marks for the entire block quotation.
For quotations within that quotation, use normal quotation
marks, not single ones.
Remember, you must still give credit for the source. Place
periods or commas within quotation marks when they are
part of the quoted material. At end of quote, place period then
page number. Example: …… placebo effect. (p. 276)
CITATIONS – GIVING CREDIT WHERE
CREDIT IS DUE
It is very important to give
proper credit when words or
thoughts are not ours
originally.
Citing the source means
mentioning the author/s
within the text so the reader
can look up the source at the
back of the paper.
APA has very specific ways
this must be done. The model
must be followed exactly. With
a little practice, citing sources
gets easier!
Approximately 14 million women in
the United States are battling with the
disease Anorexia Nervosa, AN, which
is described as “one of the least
understood and most intractable of all
mental illnesses” (Schindehette,
Sandler, Nelson & Seaman, 2003, p.
136). – this is an example of a direct
quote.
Many of the victims of this disease will
battle it for the rest of their lives.
However, if AN is diagnosed early,
during the teen years, it is possible to
cure it with appropriate treatment
(Cooper, 2001). – this is an example of
a paraphrase
PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS
APA relies on in-text citations within the narrative.
Quotations call for the addition of pagination at the end of the quote (p. #)
and can take two forms:
-
Author mentioned: According to Shakespeare (1598),"The quality of mercy
is not strained" (pp. 63-64).
- Author not mentioned: As indicated, "If they prick me, do I not bleed"
(Shakespeare, 1598, p. 82).
Paraphrasing does not require the addition of pagination indicators, but these
are encouraged.
GUIDELINES FOR CITING REFERENCES
Keep the format simple
No retrieval dates needed unless the source material may
change over time.
For electronic references, give the DOI, if assigned.
Database names are not needed.
If no DOI assigned, provide the URL of the journal or
book publisher.
Discontinued journals, monographs, dissertations, or
papers not formally published (archival documents),
give the URL for the online archive.
THE DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)
The digital object identifier (DOI) is an
alphanumeric string identifying content providing a
link to location on the Internet. Give DOI for journal
articles, books, or book chapters accessed online. No
period at the end of the string. Do not use the phrase
retrieved from. Do not give a retrieval date. The DOI is
typically located on the first page of the electronic
journal article, near the copyright notice.
Lee, C. (2009, September 21). Re: A DOI Primer [Web log message].
VERIFYING A DOI
If you wish to verify a DOI you can: Consult a DOI
resolver, such as the one supplied by CrossRef.org.
Copy and paste the alphanumeric DOI string (e.g.,
10.1037/a0015859) into the DOI resolver and click
submit.
Or, you can append the DOI string to
http://dx.doi.org/ (as in
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0015859) and copy that
straight into your browser’s address bar.
Lee, C. (2009, September 21). Re: A DOI Primer [Web log message].
TO SEARCH FOR A DOI
To search for DOIs, use CrossRef. The free DOI
lookup (http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/ )
searches for DOIs using information such as article
title, authors, and publisher information.
Or cut and paste your entire reference list into the
Simple Text Query form
(http://www.crossref.org/SimpleTextQuery/) and
CrossRef will return all available DOIs at once.
Lee, C. (2009, September 21). Re: A DOI Primer [Web log message].
REFERENCE PAGE
The word “References” should appear at the top center of the page.
Entries are double spaced with the top line justified to the left margin.
Additional lines of each reference are 0.5” indented (hanging indent).
This should be set up in your WORD Paragraph settings, not manually
manipulated on the keyboard. Sources are listed alphabetically.
Example:
References
Stielow, F. J. (2003). Building digital
archives. New York: Neal- Schuman.
REFERENCES ARE ALPHABETIZED
References are in alphabetical order by author(s) last name on
the reference page; list last name, then first initial only. If no
author is provided, use the first character of the title.
Only list the last name of an author or authors followed by
initials for the first and middle names. Do not write out first
and middle names. For example: Marcia L. Conner would
be listed as Conner, M. L. or Conner, M.
Do not list the author as anonymous or unknown unless that is
the way the author is listed on the source. Start the cite with
the title as stated above.
INSERT THE PUBLICATION DATE IN
PARENTHESES FOLLOWING THE AUTHOR.
Insert the publication date in parentheses following the author
or the title if that is the first item of the citation.
The date (in parentheses is always the second part of a
reference).
List the date as follows:
(year). For example: (2009).
(year, month). For example: (2007, January). Note: Do not use month abbreviations.
(year, month day). For example: (1998, June 16).
(n.d.). Use n.d. for works which do not contain a publication date.
WHAT TO ITALICIZE
Italicize the name of books, journals, and magazines, but do
not italicize the name of an article.
For example:
Book: Learn more now: 10 simple ways to learning better, smarter
& faster.
Journal: Journal of Social Psychology
Magazine: Newsweek
EXAMPLE OF A BOOK REFERENCE
Last name, Initial. (yyyy published).
Book title. Place of Publication:
Publisher.
Example:
Stielow, F. J. (2003). Building digital
archives. New York: NealSchuman.
EXAMPLE BOOK REFERENCE FROM WEBSITE
Last name, Initial. (yyyy published).
Book title. Retrieved from http://www.xxx
Example:
Stielow, F. J. (2003). Building digital
archives. Retrieved from http://www.xxx
Note: Database names are no longer needed such as ProQuest or EBSCO.
Date of Retrieval is no longer included.
ALSO – Although retrieved from online, if book place of publication and publisher
is available, still include in citation after the book title. Then dd the “Retrieved
from….”
EXAMPLE BOOK REFERENCE W/DOI
Last name, Initials. (yyyy published).
Book title. doi:xxxxx
Example:
Stielow, F. J. (2003). Building digital
archives. doi:xxxxx
Note: For electronic references, give the DOI, if assigned. Database names are no
longer needed such as ProQuest or EBSCO.
Also, of book publish place and publisher available, include in cite after title as
with standard book cite, followed by the doi
EXAMPLE OF A REFERENCE FOR A
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Last name, Initial. (yyyy of journal
volume). Article title. Journal, volume
number, (issue number), first-last page
Example:
Roy, A.J. (1982). Suicide in chronic
schizophrenia. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 96(1), 171-177
It should be noted using the words Volume or Vol., Issue or Iss., or Pages, p. or
pp. are not acceptable in the citation. Also, the journal title and volume
number are italicized.
EXAMPLE REFERENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE
W/DOI
Last name, Initials. (yyyy of journal
volume). Article title. Journal, volume
number, (issue number), pages. doi: xx.xxxxx
Roy, A.J. (1982). Suicide in chronic
schizophrenia. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 96(1), 171-177. doi: xx.xxxx
Note: For electronic references, give the DOI, if assigned. Database names are no
longer needed such as ProQuest or EBSCO.
It should be noted using the words Volume or Vol., Issue or Iss., or Pages, p. or pp. are
not acceptable in the citation. Also, the journal title and volume number are italicized.
EXAMPLE REFERENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE
W/OUT DOI
Last name, Initials. (yyyy of journal
volume). Article title. Journal, volume
number, (issue number), pages. Retrieved
from http://xxxxxxx
Roy, A.J. (1982). Suicide in chronic
schizophrenia. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 96(1), 171-177. Retrieved from
http://xxxxxxx
Note: If no DOI assigned, provide the URL of the journal or book publisher. Database
names are no longer needed such as ProQuest or EBSCO.
It should be noted using the words Volume or Vol., Issue or Iss., or Pages, p. or pp. are not acceptable
in the citation.
ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES
The Sixth Edition, 2nd printing of the APA Manual
has many examples of the various types of
references including: periodicals, books, technical &
research reports, meetings & symposia, doctoral
dissertations & master’s theses, reviews & peer
commentary, audiovisual media, data sets,
software, internet message boards, electronic
mailing lists and other sources.
A good short cut source for the full Manual is Purdue’s THE OWL website/APA
section at
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting
_and_style_guide/general_format.html
BUSN 311 Week 7 Paper – Sample Outline for Organizing the Elements of your Paper
The following outline is suggested to assist you in your preparation of the Week 8 Paper. APA format is
required for your paper and citations. For directions on setting up your paper per APA please refer to
APA Guidelines. There is an APA PowerPoint in Classroom Resources that shows you how to set up your
title page, header and page numbering and references, as well as guidance for how to cite specific types
of resources. For additional sources on writing, go to the Success Center on the left-hand navigation list
of the classroom.
•
Title Page
•
Text of paper – Starts on a new page. Organize along the following. Use headings
I.
Introduction to the paper. This should be a paragraph opening that explains the subject
of the paper and a thesis statement. The reader should understand from this paragraph
the topic, scope and thesis. (Note: Do not use 1st person!)
This introduction will briefly introduce the company that is the topic of the paper, the
ethical dilemma, and related legal topics that will be covered.
Note: you do not need to have a heading that says “Introduction”
II.
[Heading] Name of Company}’s Ethical Dilemma
Explain and analyze the problem and clearly state the ethical dilemma
Include the “key players” – e.g. government agencies if involved, decision makers, (See
Rubric)
III.
[Heading] Ethical Framework Utilized by {Name of Company]
[Company] ‘s decision demonstrates the ______________ ethical framework.
Define the framework you have selected.
Provide examples of how this framework works in application.
Explain how the actions of the Company in this case illustrate application of this ethical
framework.
Discuss how Milton Friedman’s free market ethics may have influenced the Company’s
actions.
IV.
[Heading] An Alternate Ethical Framework
If [Company] had utilized the ____________ ethical theory in this situation the disaster
could have been avoided.
Define the framework you have selected.
Provide examples of how this framework works in application.
Explain how the Company should have acted in applying this ethical theory and how it
would have changed the outcome.
Describe takeaway lesson from this situation for business managers.
V.
[Heading] Other Relevant Legal Theories.
(You are to select three other legal theories to discuss relevant to the Company.)
Provide a subheading for each.
Define each theory and explain its application to the Company
Vi.
[Heading] Conclusion
Summarize the ethical dilemma and your recommendations for businesses to have
ethical policy and educate its managers in its application.
•
[Heading] References
This is its own page. Double spaced in the APA formatting required. You must have full APA
citations, not a listing of URLs! Avoid dictionaries and encyclopedias. Use your required readings
and scholarly research sources.
APUS RCampus - iRubric: BUSN311 WEEK 7 ESSAY rubric: RCampus
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https://irubric.apus.edu/rubricshowc.cfm?code=H4B89&sp=yes&mode=framed&nocache=1563...
built by admin
BUSN311 WEEK 7 ESSAY
Rubric Code: H4B89
Ready to use
Keywords: (None)
Public Rubric
Categories: Subjects: Business
Types: Exam
Grade Levels: Undergraduate
Descriptions
Week 7 Essay
100 %
Exemplary
4 pts
Accomplished
3.2 pts
Developing
2.8 pts
Beginning
1.5 pts
Did not attempt
0 pts
Institutional Outcome
Specialized Knowledge
15 %
Assesses the topic question with
more than one academic discipline
and evaluates the relevant
evidence in relation to the
problem’s context, and provides a
conclusion that follows logically
from analysis.
Exemplary
Accomplished
Developing
Student formulates an
interesting and intriguing
question or perspective on the
problem that brings in more than
one academic discipline or
practical approach, evaluates
the evidence in context and
articulates creative and
plausible concepts.
Student defines and properly
uses principal terms in the field,
both historical and
contemporaneous.
Exemplary
Accomplished
Developing
Mentions at least three general
legal concepts and uses required
readings but does not fully
define their relevance or develop
their applicability to the
company.
Mentions at least two general
legal concepts and uses required
readings with discussion for
their applicability to the
company.
Student defines principal terms
in the field but may not use
them accurately in both
historical and contemporaneous
situations.
Beginning
Student does not accurately
define or properly use principal
terms in the field either in
historical or contemporaneous
situations.
Did not attempt
Student does not provide any
relevant information on topic.
Program Objective
Legal concepts
15 %
Apply concepts of contract, tort,
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC),
and property law to business
situations.
Clearly identifies three general
legal concepts covered in the
course, fully defines them and
analyzes their applicability to
the company's issues and
circumstances.
Beginning
Mentions at least one general
legal concept in discussion and
explains its applicability to the
company.
Did not attempt
Legal concepts are not
mentioned or are not developed
with required reqdings for
applicability to the company.
Course Objective
Friedman
20 %
Discuss Milton Friedman's ethical
philosophy and apply to actions of
executives of the company.
Exemplary
Accomplished
Developing
Thoroughly discussed and
supported via research the
philosophy of Milton Friedman,
including his views on social
responsibility of business;
identified how Friedman's ethical
framework may have influenced
the company's executives.
Discussed Friedman’s ethical
philosophy and attempted to
explain his position on social
responsibility in this company's
situation; however, did not
integrate the necessary research
to support the discussion.
Discussed Friedman’s ethical
philosophy but did not explain or
define social responsibility in
context of this company's
situation.
Beginning
Simply mentioned Friedman
without explanation of his
philosophy, social responsibility
or application to this company's
situation.
Did not attempt
Friedman not addressed.
7/22/2019, 1:18 AM
APUS RCampus - iRubric: BUSN311 WEEK 7 ESSAY rubric: RCampus
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Ethical Framework
20 %
Identify another ethical framework
and apply it to the executives or
management of selected
company.
Exemplary
Identified and defined a specific
ethical framework (e.g.
deontology, utilitarianism,
egoism, humanism, virtue
ethics), and analyzed and
explained its application to
ethical issues of selected
company.
https://irubric.apus.edu/rubricshowc.cfm?code=H4B89&sp=yes&mode=framed&nocache=1563...
Accomplished
Identified and explained a
specific ethical framework but
did not fully explain its
application to the selected
company.
Developing
Identified an ethical framework
but did not provide further
explanation using research AND
did not analyze framework with
current issues with company.
Beginning
Did not correctly identify a
separate ethical framework OR
did not provide any type of
analysis with regard to the
company or its management.
Did not attempt
Did not mention ethical
framework.
Writing Evaluation
Research Support
10 %
Research includes at least seven
credible sources with at least two
from APUS Library; All citations in
Reference list are cited in text of
paper.
APA Formatting
5%
APA paper format and citations.
Grammar/Mechanics
5%
Evalutated for word usage,
punctuation, spelling, language
appropriate to assignment, and
use of voice.
Organization
5%
Paper has introduction, clear
statement of issue, flows in
logical organization of text, with
summary conclusion.
Exemplary
More than 7 sources in support
of the paper and at least 2
sources are from APUS Library.
Accomplished
6-7 sources in support of the
paper and at least 2 sources are
from APUS Library.
Exemplary
Accomplished
No errors in APA Paper format
(e.g., title page, margins, font,
and running head and Reference
page); in text citations and
Reference list contain no
formatting errors.
Meets expectations for APA
formatting of paper (e.g., title
page, margins, running head and
Reference page) and in text
citations Reference list with no
more than 3 errors combined.
Exemplary
Accomplished
No errors in grammar,
punctuation, spelling, use of
language, written in 3rd person,
proper use of quotes.
Exemplary
Clearly presented ideas, with
logical flow, including
introduction and conclusion;
good use of subheadings and
transitions.
No more than three errors in
grammar, spelling, word use.
Accomplished
Ideas are generally easy to
follow but could be more clearly
presented. Subheadings are
missing or not appropriate.
Includes introduction and
conclusion.
Developing
4-5 sources in support of the
paper, or there are sources that
are not of credible authority
(e.g. wiki sites, generic
dictionaries) or only one
creditble source from APUS
Library.
Developing
APA paper format and citations
APA formatting display no more
than 4 to 6 error combined.
Developing
Four to six errors in grammar,
spelling, word use
and/or use of contractions and
other informal speech phrases.
Developing
General organization follows
required content of the paper
but concepts are not clearly
presented. Missing introduction
or conclusion. Poor use of
subheaders or transitions.
Beginning
3 or fewer credible sources or
none from APUS library; there
are citations in Reference list
that are not cited in text.
Beginning
APA paper format and citations
APA formatting display no more
than 7 to 10 errors combined.
Beginning
Seven to eight errors in
grammar, spelling, word use;
and/or use of 1st or 2nd person
in the paper.
Beginning
Student did not use subheaders
or transitioning sentences to
add structure to the paper;
organization is difficult to
follow. Missing introduction and
conclusion.
Did not attempt
Missing reference list, or no
citations in text.
Did not attempt
More than 10 errors combined on
APA paper formatting and/or
citations APA formatting.
Did not attempt
More than eight errors in
grammar, spelling, word use, or
repeated incomplete or run-on
sentences, failure to break up
writing in logical paragraphs.
Did not attempt
Paper is lacking substance in its
content.
Divider / Paper length
Paper Length
5%
Requirement: 1800 - 2300 words
irubric.apus.edu
Exemplary
Paper meets the length
requirement of 1800 - 2300
words.
Accomplished
Paper is 1700-1800 words OR is
over 2300 words.
Developing
Paper is 1400-1700 words.
Beginning
Paper is less than 1400 words.
Did not attempt
No submission.
Rubric Code: H4B89
7/22/2019, 1:18 AM
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