Directions:Each student is required to respond to each question as thoroughly as possible, evidencing that you have read and interpreted the reading(s) that address the questions. Try to answer each question in the order in which it is given and to the best of your ability.Be thorough and creative! Each answer should span no less than two well written paragraph ( I would prefer two) and should be written in Times New Roman 12-point font within 1-inch margins; while I have given the range as a guideline, I am more concerned with the quality of the work instead of the quantity.Grading Rubric:Grade of AThis paper is insightful. It addresses the assignment in a way that indicates your comprehension of the assignment itself as well as an understanding of the underlying issues within the readings. The message is communicated clearly, concisely, and directly. There is a confidence in this writing. Paper ideas are written within your own words and passages/ sentences from readings are placed in quotations. No to very minimal grammar, spelling and other writing issues. There is only one idea per paragraph and no paragraph spans more than 5-7 sentences with clearly stated topic sentences. Grade of BThe paper meets, and at times, exceeds the basic requirements of the assignment. The paper indicates that you are beginning, at times, to think through and deal with major ideas in the assignment. The message is communicated with generally effective clarity, directness, and conciseness. Paper ideas are written within your own words, for the most part and passages/ sentences from readings are placed in quotations, for the most part. Some minor grammar, spelling and other writing issues are evident. Paper may have a few instances where there is more than one idea per paragraph and a few paragraphs may span more than 5-7 sentences with clearly stated topic sentences. Grade of CThe paper offers minimal insight into the greater issues of the assignment and it meets the basic requirements. The message, for the most part, is reasonably clear, concise, and direct, although there are clear problems with your writing. Questions:1. Discuss the three examples of MDW NTR that became the Phonecian alphabet and why this information is important for Africana people in American to know. For full credit, first, discuss what MDW NTR is, its relationship to the Badarians and then what the Semetic folks borrowed that eventually evolved into our current alphabet. Be specific here, yet place all of your ideas in your own words. 2. Discuss mathematics in Kemet and why this is important. For full credit, be able to discuss both papyri and Yefru's point about the circumference of the circle. What is the point of Yefru's writing about mathematics in Kemet. 3. What seems to be the importance of the Asarian Ressurection given Yefru's discussion of it and the supplemental readings? What does the creation story tell us? For full credit, please do not retell the story here. Instead, First explain the theme or themes in the story. There is no right or wrong answer here. I just want to read what meaning you are taking away from this creaton narrative.Lecture Notes for the Script, Kemetic Cosmology and PhilosophyThe ScriptIn looking at chapter three and four, be sure to pay attention to the following ideas. The Badarians who resided in pre-Dynastic Kemet "accidently" began the development of the alphabet that we use today. First, see page 97 and the idea that the Badarians created amuletes with animal heads scripted on the stones. The symbolism of the "natural" world, that is nature, becomes meaningfull for the Badarians because the qualities of the animals become the qualities that the wearer of the amulet sought to envoke for themselves. However, and what is important for our current conversation, is that the symbols are the early origin of the ancient Kemetic script called MDW NTR (words of the gods or words of the divine or divine speach). This script from the Badarians early spiritual symbolism evolved into an organized writing system that was indeed sacred. See page 131.MDW NTR is familiar to most folks as heiroglyphics, but heiroglyphics means sacred carvings, a derivative meaning of the original MDW NTR. Nonetheless, Yefru describes how this MDW NTR becomes our alphabet. In chapter four in particular, review the origins of the alphabet. On the one hand, paleopgraphers of writing (scientists who study the origin, development and spread of writing) have already confirmed that the source of our contemporary alphabet emerges from the Semetic (so called middle-eastern) area. However, only a few Egyptologists have located the origins of the Semetic writing from the Kemetic MDW NTR. For example, take note that the symbols in the MDW NTR for water evolved into the letter M and the symbol of the eye of Heru for instance became the starting point for the letter A. See page 130-132 for the complete discussion and read page 130 very closely so that you can catch the symbolism. Now, how does one know the meaning of MDW NTR? In 1821 Jean Francois Champollion deciphered MDW NTR based upon the finding of the Rosetta Stone that was scripted in 197 BCE, which had two languages, MDW NTR and Greek. See page 121 here for the interesting story, then see page 131 for the three MDW NTR scripts, MDW NTR, Hieratic and Demotic. See also page 139 for the evolution of the Alphabet chart. MathematicsIt is all too clear by now that within Kemet (the Black Land) ancient Egypt (Greek Aegyptos for water, the Nile) the pyramids and complexes are ancient, even if exact dating is unclear. Do an internet search for the pyramids of Giza, for instance, and look at the dating. What is even more intersting is that there are only speculations about how these monuments were built. In looking at chapter three, we can see that one suggestion is the existence of Kemetic knowledge of mathematics. The two key papyrus that detail mathmatical computations are the Rhind and the Moscow Papyrus. See page 111 for who European located and then named the Papyri. When were these written, according to Yefru? The key points here are that the Rhind has 87 computations and the Moscow has 25. See replicas of what is on each papyri on pages 110-113. See also the page 109 for replication of Kemetic numbers.What is Yefru's point there? That Kemetic people developed math in response to nature and used it for functional purposes. Take for instance understanding the circumferance of a circle and its median, PI. How was a circular house created? See page 109 and Yefru's discussion of measuring for a circular house. Kemetic Cosmology and PhilosophyRead pages 123-126 and consider the relationship between nature, the universe, divine origins and the human condition. First, what is the role of the sun in the creation story? Who are the gods and goddess? The point here is to think about that for the Kemetic folks, nature tells of the start of creation, including human creation and that these gods and goddess are forces, spirits in existence who have meaning in the lives of those who believe in the them; these concepts are similiar to the Badarian creation and meaning of the amulets. Take a look at the readings, the "Anu Creation Narrative," and the "Asarian Ressurection." These readings supplement pages 123-126 in the book. The point of these writing are for you to see that the ancient Anu (Heliopolis) had a creation story. (There are actually four creation stories that evolved over the course of ancient Kemet; see page 125 in Yefru's work.)The major theme in the creation story is that the universe emerges out of one source and therefore all existence, including human existence, is connected. The Asarian Ressurection writing is about the story of Asar (Osiris), Aset (Isis) and Heru (Horus) and the battle that Heru has to go through with Set in order to regain the throne of his father Asar. What themes are you finding here?

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionFrom reading educator-authors' revisions, and experiencing confusion myself surrounding how performance measures fit into a design case, I feel the problem arises from how new authors view design cases in relation to scientific experimental studies in education. A designer who is also a researcher must recognize the difference in perspective between a design case and an experimental study which uses a design for teaching and learning.References: Howard, C. D. (2011). Writing and rewriting the instructional design case: A view from two sides. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2(1), 40-55.Seeing the differences in viewpoint between a study that reports experimental results and a design case is a must for an individual who is both a designer and a researcher. Howard identifies this change of perspective as being critical to new authors of design cases. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 2 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionThe way the U.S. judicial system works, a defendant is first found to be innocent or guilty. The punishment sentence is determined only after a defendant has been found guilty. It might seem that this is a relatively minor procedural issue. Yet, the order of this decision-making can mean the difference between life and death, or even between conviction and acquittal.References: Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1991). Thinking strategically: The competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life. New York, NY: Norton.Decision-making order "can mean the difference between life and death, or even between conviction and acquittal" (Dixit & Nalebuff, 1991, p. 270) which puts the fact that in the U.S. judicial system the punishment sentence is determined only after a defendant has been found guilty into new light. Clearly, this is not a relatively minor procedural issue.References: Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1991). Thinking strategically: The competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life. New York, NY: Norton. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 3 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionFrom reading educator-authors' revisions, and experiencing confusion myself surrounding how performance measures fit into a design case, I feel the problem arises from how new authors view design cases in relation to scientific experimental studies in education. A designer who is also a researcher must recognize the difference in perspective between a design case and an experimental study which uses a design for teaching and learning.References: Howard, C. D. (2011). Writing and rewriting the instructional design case: A view from two sides. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2(1), 40-55.The confusion regarding the way performance measures relate to design cases is explained as stemming from "how new authors view design cases in relation to scientific experimental studies in education" (Howard, 2011, p. 50). The paradigm shift is something that I can see myself struggling with.References: Howard, C. D. (2011). Writing and rewriting the instructional design case: A view from two sides. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2(1), 40-55. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 4 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionThe word "comfortable" is more profound than people usually realize. The mystery of genuine comfort goes beyond the simple idea that the word first seems to mean. Places which are comfortable are comfortable because they have no inner contradictions, because there is no little restlessness disturbing them.References: Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.One way to describe a place is "comfortable". What does this mean? Alexander (1979) states that "Places which are comfortable are comfortable because they have no inner contradictions, because there is no little restlessness disturbing them" (p.32). This statement seems to suggest that comfort is an attribute of the place itself rather than something that depends on the relationship between the place and the person experiencing it. References: Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 5 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionDarwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is satisfying because it shows us a way in which simplicity could change into complexity, how unordered atoms could group themselves into ever more complex patterns until they ended up manufacturing people.References: Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.There is a range of perspectives on Darwin's ideas about evolution. His theory of evolution shows us a way in which simplicity could change into complexity that many find appealing. When Dawkins (1989) states that "Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is satisfying" (p. 12), he points to the ability of the theory to explain complex phenomenon. References: Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 6 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionMurdoch's own moral philosophy has a great deal in common with the work of philosophers like Richard Rorty, Stanley Cavell and Martha Nussbaum. She shares with them not only the attempt to work out a chastened, usable, non-metaphysical discourse and vocabulary for a qualified humanist ethics but also their conception of the novel as an embodiment of moral philosophy.References: Bényei, T. (2003). Angelic omissions: Iris Murdoch's angels and ethical criticism. European Journal of English Studies, 7(2), 151-163.Murdoch and number of other philosophers all tried to establish a subdued, non-metaphysical, and operational lexicon and discourse for a humanist ethics. According to Bényei (2003) "Murdoch's own moral philosophy has a great deal in common with the work of philosophers like Richard Rorty, Stanley Cavell and Martha Nussbaum" (p. 151). However, I have several points of contention with their assertions.References: Bényei, T. (2003). Angelic omissions: Iris Murdoch's angels and ethical criticism. European Journal of English Studies, 7(2), 151-163. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 7 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionIt should be apparent that technology will play a crucial role in the success of the information-age paradigm of education. It will enable a quantum improvement in student learning, and likely at a lower cost per student per year than in the current industrial-age paradigm. Just as the electronic spreadsheet made the accountant's job quicker, easier, and less expensive, the kind of LMS described here will make the teacher's job quicker, easier, and less expensive.References: Reigeluth, C. M., Watson, W. R., Watson, S. L., Dutta, P., Chen, Z. C., & Powell, N. D. P. (2008). Roles for technology in the information-age paradigm of education: Learning management systems. Educational Technology, 48(6), 32-39.It should be clear that teachers' jobs will change in several crucial ways in the near future. Increasing use of technology will hopefully make the teacher's job quicker, easier, and less expensive and lead to improved student learning (Reigeluth et al., 2008). Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 8 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionMany physical education and health curricula have been developed to foster active, healthy lifestyles through various learning outcomes and objectives. Although such a goal may be desired and valued by our society, ways to achieve this goal are less understood. If elementary physical education is to assist children in developing skills and understanding that will serve as the foundation for future activities, then educators at all levels need to develop ways to foster these skills and understanding across numerous types of activities.References: Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.While society may broadly appreciate and desire educational objectives that can help people lead healthy lives, the exact approaches necessary to reach these desired outcomes are not well understood. Mandigo and Anderson (2003) highlight the need for educators "to develop ways to foster these skills and understandings across numerous types of activities" (p. 8) as an important step towards making this desire a reality.References: Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 9 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionThe way the U.S. judicial system works, a defendant is first found to be innocent or guilty. The punishment sentence is determined only after a defendant has been found guilty. It might seem that this is a relatively minor procedural issue. Yet, the order of this decision-making can mean the difference between life and death, or even between conviction and acquittal.References: Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1991). Thinking strategically: The competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life. New York, NY: Norton.Seemingly small choices, such as the order of decision-making, can have major consequences. For example, making decisions about punishment after a guilty verdict has been reached rather than before guilt has been established impacts conviction and acquittal rates. A decision to convict can literally be a life or death decision in countries that practice capital punishment. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism HintsItem 10 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student VersionIf learners are new to critique, we see anonymity as a scaffold to generating critical feedback. Learners can practice giving feedback knowing they are not vulnerable to social repercussions. Less than perfect expressions, unwarranted negative reactions, and fruitless ideas are bound to be part of novice feedback, but teachers hope to create learning configurations that support both the giver and the receiver of feedback, especially if the commenters are novices. References: Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010). Anonymity to promote peer feedback: Pre-service teachers' comments in asynchronous computer-mediated communication. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 43(1), 89-112.Providing good constructive feedback takes practice. Howard, Barrett, and Frick (2010) suggest that allowing feedback to be given under conditions of anonymity may serve as a useful scaffold for helping novices provide feedback more honestly since they would be less open to social consequences. In my personal experiences with peer feedback where everyone could see who said what, I found that feedback lacked detail and was mostly made up of "Good job!" statements.References: Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010). Anonymity to promote peer feedback: Pre-service teachers' comments in asynchronous computer-mediated communication. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 43(1), 89-112. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism