There will be a data set to do the questions:Use r code to produce a histogram of the average age of entry. Comment on the distribution of this variable.4) Use r code that will produce output that shows the 10 institutions that have the highest average age of entry?5)There are many universities with "American University" in the name. E.g. "American University of Puerto Rico" and "National American University-Ellsworth AFB Extension". Use R code to create a data frame, called `americandf`, that contains just the data from universities with "American University" in the name. 6)Provide r code that will produce the number of colleges from the College Score data frame that have average SAT scores that are above 1000. ( Do not produce the data frame. Your code should only yield the number)7)Provide r code that will show a data frame that lists the 10 highest Average SAT scores in decreasing order. A partial data frame is given below.UNITID OPEID MN_EARN_WNE_P6 INSTNM SAT_AVG ADM_RATE UGDS COSTT4_A <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> 1 110404 113100 59800 Calif~ 1555 0.0807 979 63471 2 166683 217800 107300 Massa~ 1519 0.0794 4489 63250 3 144050 177400 73700 Unive~ 1508 0.0794 5978 70100 4 166027 215500 102200 Harva~ 1506 0.054 7447 644008) Using the gss_cat data frame, write r code that will produce the bar graph below. And explain in one or two sentences why the bar graph is difficult to interpret.9) Now write r code from the same data set that produce the transformed bar graph and comment on why it is an improvement9)Use r code to produce the tips data frame from the reshape2 package. Name three categorical variables in the data frame.10)Use r code to indicate how many levels exist for the factor day in the tips data frame and determine the frequency of each level.11)Produce r code that will produce the following histogram from the tips data frame12)Write r code that will produce the following histograms from the tips data frame13)Using the stringr::words data set produce R code that will show a 9 letter word that has the letter a in the middle.14)Using the methods demonstrated in the emailed notes and code on Factors and Forcats, use and show R code to create a factor that will enable you to sort the string vector (“four”, “ten”, “two” , “eight”) according to size, not alphabetical order.15)Using the mpg data set, use and show R code that will produce a table that shows the average city mileage (mean for cty) for each manufacturer.16)Using the mpg data set and methods and code illustrated in the emailed Factors and Forcats R file: use and show R code to generate a scatter plot that clearly shows how different manufacturers compare with one another with regards to average or mean city mileage (cty)

For this assessment, you will complete an SPSS data analysis report using a one-way ANOVA for assigned variables.We are often confronted with a need to compare the means of more than two groups. We may also need to compare more than two scores among a sample of participants. ANOVA, ANalysisOf VAariance, is a technique designed to address such questions.By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:Competency 1: Analyze the computation, application, strengths and limitations of various statistical tests.Develop a conclusion, including strengths and limitations of a one-way ANOVA.Competency 2: Analyze the decision making process of data analysis.Analyze the assumptions of a one-way ANOVA.Competency 3: Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.Articulate a research question, null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, and alpha level.Competency 4: Interpret the results of statistical analyses.Interpret the one-way ANOVA output.Competency 5: Apply a statistical program's procedure to a data set.Apply the appropriate SPSS procedures to check assumptions and calculate the one-way ANOVA to generate relevant output.Competency 6: Apply the results of statistical analyses to a field of interest or career.Develop a context for the data set, including a definition of required variables and scales of measurement.Competency 7: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for members of the identified field of study.Read the Assessment 4 Context document for important information on the following topics:The logic of a one-way ANOVA.Avoiding inflated Type I error.Hypothesis testing in one-way ANOVA.Assumptions of one-way ANOVA.As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.APPLICATION OF F-TESTSIs there a research question from your professional life or career specialization that can be addressed by a one-way ANOVA?Why would a one-way ANOVA be the appropriate analysis for this research question?What is the expected outcome?REQUIRED RESOURCESThe following resources are required to complete the assessment.Assessment 4 Context.DAA Template.SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines.IBM SPSS Step-by-Step Guide: One-Way ANOVA.Copy/Export Output Instructions.In addition, you will need the grades.savfile that you created from the grades2.datfile in Assessment 1.SPSS SoftwareCapella University requires learners to meet certain minimum computer requirements. Please note that some software required for a course may exceed these minimum requirements. The following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:IBM SPSS Statistics (recent version for PC or Mac).This course requires the following as a minimum:IBM SPSS Statistics Standard GradPack. (The Base GradPack is not acceptable for use in this course.)Internet ResourcesLane, D. M. (2013). HyperStat online: An introductory statistics textbook and online tutorial for help in statistics courses. Retrieved from http://davidmlane.com/hyperstatStatSoft, Inc. (2013). Electronic statistics textbook. Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved fromhttp://www.statsoft.com/textbookSophia. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.sophia.org/Browse Sophia for tutorials that explore statistical topics.StatisticsLectures.com. (2012). Free statistic lectures. Retrieved fromhttp://statisticslectures.com/Khan Academy. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.orgThis Web site offers resources covering a range of subjects, including statisticsHall, R. (1998). Between subjects one-way ANOVA example. Psychology World. Retrieved from http://web.mst.edu/~psyworld/anovaexample.htmElliot, A. C. (2012). ANOVA using Microsoft Excel: One-way analysis of variance. Excel Tutorials for Statistical Data Analysis. Retrieved fromhttp://www.stattutorials.com/EXCEL/EXCEL_ANOVA.htm...Onwuegbuzie, T. (Producer). (2009). Mixed methods research[Video] | Transcript. Available from http://videolectures.net/ssmt09_onwuegbuzie_mmrPREPARATIONRead the Assessment 4 Context document (linked in the Resources, under the Required Resources heading) to learn about the concepts used in this assessment.You will use the following resources for this assessment. They are linked in the Required Resources.Complete this assessment using the DAA Template.Read the SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines for a more complete understanding of the DAA Template and how to format and organize your assessment.Refer to IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions: One-Way ANOVA for additional information on using SPSS for this assessment.If necessary, review the Copy/Export Output Instructions to refresh your memory on how to perform these tasks. As with your previous assessments, your submission should be narrative with supporting statistical output (table and graphs) integrated into the narrative in the appropriate place (not all at the end of the document).You will analyze the following variables in the grades.sav data set:section.quiz3.DIRECTIONSStep 1: Write Section 1 of the DAAProvide a context of the grades.sav data set.Include a definition of the specified variables (predictor, outcome) and corresponding scales of measurement.Specify the sample size of the data set.Step 2: Write Section 2 of the DAAAnalyze the assumptions of the one-way ANOVA.Paste the SPSS histogram output for quiz3 and discuss your visual interpretations.Paste SPSS descriptives output showing skewness and kurtosis values for quiz3 and interpret them.Paste SPSS output for the Shapiro-Wilk test of quiz3 and interpret it.Report the results of the Levene's test and interpret it.Summarize whether or not the assumptions of the one-way ANOVA are met.Step 3: Write Section 3 of the DAASpecify a research question related to the one-way ANOVA.Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.Specify the alpha level.Step 4: Write Section 4 of the DAABegin by pasting SPSS output of the means plot and providing an interpretation.Also report the means and standard deviations of quiz3 for each level of section.Next, paste the SPSS ANOVA output and report the results of the F test, including:Degrees of freedom.Fvalue.pvalue.Calculated effect size.Interpretation of the effect size.Finally, if the omnibus F is significant, provide the SPSS post-hoc (Tukey HSD) output.Interpret the post-hoc tests.Step 5: Write Section 5 of the DAADiscuss the conclusions of the one-way ANOVA as it relates to the research question.Conclude with an analysis of the strengths and limitations of one-way ANOVA.