Prototype of Prosthetic Fingers For Partial Hand Amputees, assignment help

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Literature survey ( review ) about Prototype of Prosthetic Fingers For Partial Hand Amputees ( 8 pages )

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Introduction
Amputation is described as the removal of a limb by surgery, medical
illnesses of surgery. Limb loss is the most psychological and physically
devastating event in the life of any persons (Ham and Cotton, 2013). The
increase in accidents, trauma and various diseases in recent times have seen an
increase in the number of amputations. Despite the advances in surgery and
medicine, the rate of amputations has still been on the rise resulting in
psychological and physical impairment to the victims. Amputations distal to the
wrist has become one of the most common upper limb deficiencies with its
successful treatment with prosthesis being difficult (Ventimiglia, 2012). The
reason that individuals with hand and partial hand amputations find it difficult to
access effective prosthesis is due to the limited technology of this technology, the
discomfort of the prosthetic interface, lack of tactile sensation and unsatisfactory
appearance (Ventimiglia, 2012). The research into the prototype of fingers for
partial hand amputees is an interesting topic since it seeks to fill gaps in the
literature and provide an understanding of the issue. The exploration of the topic
will help to understand the advancement into the field of the prosthesis of this
common amputation.
History of amputations and prosthetics
Artificial limbs for years have been developed to help those who have lost
their limbs. The hook was one of the earliest artificial limbs to be designed to aid
amputees. According to Wilson (2016) early prosthetics were designed from
wood such as artificial legs. After the world wars, there was increased need to
develop prosthetics to aid the victims of the war who had lost their arms during
the war especially those affected by land mines. The coordinated program for
amputees in 1945 saw an increase in funding for research and development of
prosthetics (Wilson, 2016). Attention to the need of prosthetics was due to the
increased number of veterans who had lost limbs in the war (Wilson, 2016). In
the US the development of the Artificial Limb Program, which was designed to
help surgeons and physicians to provide engineers with the design criteria so that
they could develop ankle and knee joints (Wilson, 2016). These activities led to
the increased innovation of prosthetics and the increased development of
inventors specifically dealing with the development of prosthetic for the limbless.
Most of the earlier attention on the development of prosthetics focused on lower
limb prosthetics which at the time developed the “plug fit” wooden socket (Wilson,
2016). The development of wooden sockets after the Second World War was at
its peak before being replaced by other metallic sockets (Wilson, 2016). There
was also the development of wooden and leather sockets for the lower-limb
prosthesis. Innovations in this field resulted in the creation of thermosetting resins
to support these sockets. The veterans were the major beneficiaries of these
early inventions in prosthetics. The development of plastic manufacturing
techniques made the total connectivity of the sockets more practical. During the
end of the 20th Century, the development of prosthesis took a new approach with
the use of computer-aided designs and manufactured to accelerate the proces...


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