City College of San Francisco Business Management Research Paper

User Generated

Wnzzvroebj

Business Finance

City College of San Francisco

Description

1100 word outline of your research proposal the Discipline is: Petroluem with project Management

Explanation & Answer:
1100 Words
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Running head: REDUCTION OF OIL INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT WASTEWATER

Reduction of Oil and Gas Industrial Effluent wastewater
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation

1

REDUCTION OF OIL INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT WASTEWATER

2

Reduction of Oil and Gas Industrial Effluent wastewater
Effluent water is one of the primary concerns for oil and gas production companies
(Ghouti, Kuijvenhoven, Al-Anzi & Al-Hasan, 2018). It presents a direct cost in the treatment of
such waste and its disposal in a bid to conserve the environment and adhere to industry and
environmental policies (Hamid & Yeo, 1994 and Liu & Fang, 2013). Produced water is extracted
onto the surface during oil and gas exploration as well as production. It is also a by-product
during the refinery process (Vennila & Kannan, 2011). This water contains some hydrocarbon
formation elements due to the long years of contact with the materials. It is fundamentally the
water found in underground reservoirs as well as that which is injected during mining (OsundIreland, Richer & Stenhouse, 2018). The properties of the effluent waste make it unsafe for
release to the surface and must thus be treated to rid it of the toxicants.
However, effluent water is produced in large quantities. In most cases, it is 0.4-1.6 times the
quantity of crude oil produced (Perez, 2015). As a result, its management is demanding for many
oil and gas producers. This is because the profitability of the production process is threatened by
the high costs of handling the effluent (Rodriguez et al., 2018). Mostly, companies have to incur
the cost of constructing treatment and disposal facilities, the cost of operating them, management
of treatment residues, transportation, and the elements compliance such as permitting, testing,
reporting, and general monitoring activities (Qabazard, Salman & Moshfegian, 2004). In many
instances, natural oil wells usually shut down if the effluent controlling costs supersede the value
of the hydrocarbon obtained (Skban Ibrahim, Seethala Devi, Veerababhu & Balasubramanian,
2014). Therefore, it is imperative that industry players identify and implement effective effluent
reduction strategies that can ensure the sustainability of oil and gas products.
Research Importance

REDUCTION OF OIL INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT WASTEWATER

3

This research is significant in many ways. Primarily, its focus on effluent water can lead to the
identification of better management processes that can successfully reduce the amount of waste
disposed of in oil gathering centers. As a result, the inherent cost of managing such emission can
be substantially reduced thus increasing the gain margins of the company. In this perspective, oil
producers will not only enjoy operational continuity but can also sustain supply to the market
and reduce the volatility of prices. Amid the continually increasing global demand for energy, it
is essential that oil and gas production, as well as refinery processes, be streamlined to eliminate
wasteful practices or elements that might pose a threat to the generation of the demanded
quantities.
Various traditional production and effluent management techniques have been reengineered for use in large-scale treatment environments. For instance, modelling of the
Activated sludge model (ASM) has been recognized as a viable and cheap alternative for
industrial effluent treatment despite its original design for domestic use. With the reconfiguration
of plant procedures, these methods can be calibrated into the overall production process to ensure
that wastewater is treated economically thus reducing the company's operational costs (Pinzón
Pardo et al., 2007). Similar sentiments are shared by Mustapha (2018) who postulates the use of
constructed wetlands to treat such emissions. This approach uses natural resources, and its
integration to treatment systems can reduce the overall cost.
Another benefit that can be attached to the study is that effluent water can be reutilized in
the production and refinement processes. Since these activities utilize vast volumes of injection
water that ultimately translates into the effluent, conventional systems can be redesigned to reuse
the emitted water instead of releasing it to the surface (Al-Kandari & Rochford, 1997, and
Kulkarni & Goswami, 2015). In this view, the effluent reduction can be achieved through the

REDUCTION OF OIL INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT WASTEWATER

4

limited use of outsourced addition water. By utilizing a combination of several physiochemical
treatment methods, wastewater can be redirected back into t...


Anonymous
I was having a hard time with this subject, and this was a great help.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Similar Content

Related Tags