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Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443 Community Health Nursing Guidelines for Caring for Populations Milestone 2: Assessment and Diagnosis PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to provide an opportunity to utilize community assessment strategies, uncover a community health problem, and identify the components of one community health nursing problem related to the community dynamics. COURSE OUTCOMES This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes. CO2: Assess the health needs of individuals, families, aggregates, and communities using demographic and epidemiological data to identify population health risks. (PO 4) CO6: Utilize a systems-based and collaborative approach to address factors that influence the health of a community and population health problems. (PO 2) DUE DATE Submit to the appropriate basket in the Dropbox by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 4. POINTS: 225 points DIRECTIONS Watch the Milestone 2 tutorial by clicking this link. This tutorial is also available on Course Project page under Course Home as well as Week 4 Assignments page. This paper is expected to be no more than four pages in length (not including the title page and reference list). Below are the requirements for successful completion of this paper. Please use the following categories as the first level headings on your paper. See the documents in the APA category in Course Resources for assistance with APA formatting.    [Introduction:] This beginning of your paper should catch the reader’s attention with interesting facts about your community and should include the purpose statement of the paper. This should be one paragraph. APA states that you should not title this as introduction; however, you are still expected to write a separate introduction. The title of the paper should be repeated at the top of page two and centered. Community Overview: Identify the community that you are assessing by name and state and provide a general description of the community. What is the general character of the community? Statistics should not be included here. Your community should be the area you live or work in and should include a residential area. It should be a large enough area to answer the questions in the text. This should be one paragraph. Demographic Data: Compile a range of demographic (population description) data for your community by examining U.S. Census Bureau reports. Using this data, describe your community. Compare your community data to state or national data. A summary of this data should be no more than two paragraphs. NR443 Milestone 2 Assessment Diagnosis Guidelines 4/9/15 LS 1 Chamberlain College of Nursing      NR443 Community Health Nursing Epidemiological Data: Compile and summarize a range of epidemiological (illness, morbidity, and mortality) data for your community by examining data from sources such as city or county health department reports, County Health Rankings (countyhealthrankings.org), or the Centers for Disease Control to describe priority health problems in your area. See the Webliography for applicable sites to search. Compare your community to state or national data. This comparison will help to identify a priority community health problem specific to your community. A summary of this data should be no more than two paragraphs. Windshield Survey: Provide a summary of your observations from your first milestone. Make sure to discuss observations related to your identified problem. This should be one to two paragraphs. Problem Diagnosis: o Using the assessment data, identify one community health nursing problem that you consider to be a priority concern. o Relate your choice to one of the Healthy People 2020 specific numbered objectives (not just a goal). Healthy People objectives are located within a topic area under the Objectives tab. o Your rationale should also include why this is a problem in your community and factors that contribute to the problem. Avoid discussion of interventions in this milestone. o Include a discussion of your problem with information from at least two scholarly sources (such as professional journal articles). (Review the documents in the APA category in Doc Sharing for help in determining sources that are considered scholarly—hint, .com websites are not considered scholarly sources). This should be no more than three paragraphs. Summary: Summarize your community assessment and diagnosis findings and include a brief statement about the problem and the major factors that contribute to this problem. This information should be no more than two paragraphs. Reference Page: All references should be cited within the paper and should be included on the reference page. GUIDELINES        Application: Use Microsoft Word 2010 (or later) to create this assignment. Use the categories above as APA headings for the sections of your paper. Length: This paper is expected to be no more than four pages in length (not including the title page and reference list). Submission: Submit your file via the basket in the Dropbox: Milestone 2 Assessment and Diagnosis, by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 4. Scholarly Writing: APA format is required. Review APA documents in the APA category in Course Resources and use the free resources of SmartThinking for writing tutors. Save your paper with your last name in the document title (e.g., Smith Assessment and Diagnosis). Late Submission: See the course policy on late submissions. BEST PRACTICES IN PREPARING THE PAPER The following are best practices in preparing this project.       Complete the demographic, epidemiologic, and windshield survey prior to choosing a problem to focus on. Choose one nursing problem specific to your community. Make sure all elements of the paper are addressed and headings for each category are included. Review directions thoroughly. Cite all sources within the paper as well as on the reference page. Proofread prior to final submission. NR443 Milestone 2 Assessment Diagnosis Guidelines 4/9/15 LS 2 Chamberlain College of Nursing    NR443 Community Health Nursing Check for spelling and grammar errors prior to final submission. Use the A column of the rubric below to ensure that you have included all the needed elements. Abide by the CCN academic integrity policy. The paper must be your original work. Once submitted to the Dropbox, check back to ensure that your Turnitin similarity index is less than 24%, if not revise and resubmit prior to the deadline. GRADING RUBRIC: MILESTONE 2: ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS (225 POINTS) Criteria Introduction 10 points Community Overview 20 points Demographic Data 30 points Epidemiologica l Data (Disease or health behavior rates) 30 points Windshield Survey 20 points Problem Diagnosis 40 points A (92–100%) Outstanding or highest level of performance B (84–91%) Very good or high level of performance C (76–83%) Competent or satisfactory level of performance Includes the purpose of the paper and catches the reader’s attention with interesting facts (9–10 points) Community identified and adequately described (18–20 points) Missing purpose of paper or hook (8 points) Missing purpose of paper and hook (7 points) Community identified but description is inadequate (16 points) Adequate demographic data described but missing state or national comparison (25–27 points) Adequate epidemiological data described but missing state or national comparison (25–27 points) Windshield survey findings adequately summarized but not clearly related to identified problem (16 points) Problem not related to Healthy People objective or lacks rationale with supportive data Describes a range of demographic data about your community from U.S. Census Bureau reports with comparisons to state or national data (28–30 points) Describes a range of epidemiological data about community from appropriate reports with comparisons to state or national data (28–30 points) Community windshield survey findings adequately summarized and findings relate to identified problem (18–20 points) Assessment data used to identify one priority community health problem, Healthy People 2020 specific objective included, and NR443 Milestone 2 Assessment Diagnosis Guidelines F (0–75%) Poor or failing or unsatisfacto ry level of performance Introduction missing (0–6 points) Pts Community identified but description is missing (15 points) Little demographic data and missing state or national comparisons (23–24 points) Community not identified or described (0–14 points) /20 Lacks demographic data and missing state or national comparisons (0–22 points) /30 Little epidemiological data and missing state or national comparisons (23–24 points) Lacks epidemiologic al data and missing state or national comparisons (0–22 points) Windshield survey findings not described (0–14 points) /30 Problem discussion missing (0–29 points) /40 Windshield survey findings not adequately summarized and not related to the problem (15 points) Problem not related to Healthy People objective and lacks rationale with supportive data 4/9/15 LS /10 /20 3 Chamberlain College of Nursing Application of EvidenceBased Scholarly Resources 30 points rationale for problem selection stated with supportive data (such as factors that contribute to this problem) from two scholarly articles (37–40 points) Two or more quality references from professional literature discussed with clear support of your problem rationale (28–30 points) Summary 20 points Summary includes assessment and diagnosis findings, a brief statement about the problem, and factors that contribute to this problem (18–20 points) Presentation 10 points Discussion well organized and logical and structure is clear and compelling to reader; paragraphs are linked together logically, and main ideas stand out (9–10 points) Excellent mechanics with no more than two of the following errors: - correct grammar, spelling -complete sentences -all sources cited in the text -all references listed on the reference page and in APA format -title page in APA format -correct APA format of headings -12 point font, double spaced, 1 inch margins (14-–15 points) Mechanics 15 points NR443 Community Health Nursing (34–36 points) (30–33 points) Two references discussed, but information does not clearly support problem rationale or references are not scholarly (25–27 points) Lacks reiteration of assessment findings or problem identification or contributing factors (17 points) Only one reference discussed that is directly relevant to problem rationale (23–24 points) No references discussed (0–22 points) /30 Summary lacks two or more of: reiteration of assessment findings, problem identification, and contributing factors (16 points) Discussion missing two of the organizational elements in column one and overall flow is difficult to follow (7 points) Summary not completed (0–15 points) /20 Paper appears disorganized and is difficult to understand (0–6 points) /10 Four mechanical or APA errors of elements listed in column one (12 points) More than five mechanical or APA errors of elements listed in column one (0–11 points) /15 Discussion missing one of the organizational elements in column one and has some minor organizational concerns (8 points) Three mechanical or APA errors of elements listed in column one (13 points) Total Points: NR443 Milestone 2 Assessment Diagnosis Guidelines /225 4/9/15 LS 4 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443 Community Health Nursing Caring for Populations: Milestone1: Community Windshield Survey Form Directions: Please refer to the Milestone 1: Community Windshield Survey Guidelines and grading rubric for specific instructions in order to complete the information below. This assignment is worth 150 points. Type your name, date, and observations directly on this form. Click Save as and save the file with the assignment name and your last name; for example, NR443 Windshield Survey Form_Smith. When you are finished, submit the form to the Week 2 Caring for Populations: Windshield Survey Dropbox by the deadline indicated in your guidelines. Your Name Marylen Rabelo Criteria 1. Introduction of Community (20 points) Identify the city and state of your community and briefly describe the community you will be using for this assignment. It should be the area where you live or the area surrounding your work setting but must include a residential area. Demographic data are not needed. Date: 05/11/2016 Your response Houston is a metropolitan city in Texas State. The community is very urban and it is identified as the capital city of Texas. It has a very high population of people working within the city over 2.239 million as at 2014. Tall buildings occupy the city where major large global companies have set up shop. The city is surrounded by Lake Houston, Lake Livingston and Lake Conroe, where the city outsources its water. Apart from the residents living in the tall apartment buildings, other residential homes can be found on the outskirts of Houston main town, especially near the lakes. Houston’s economy is largely propelled by the Oil and natural Gas business that takes advantage of the port for transportation. When it comes to health care Huston is a giant, hosting the Texas Medical Center, which has over 13 medical hospitals and many other research institutions. 2. Windshield Survey (100 points) a. Vitality: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the community vitality. Houston is very populous hence people are very visible, and population is the diversity of the people, in terms of ages and race is very apparent. This diversity is due to the port in the land that has become the key entrance point for people from various places. The setup of global businesses has also contributed to the diversity of the Houston residents. Majority of the residents are able bodied and generally look healthy. However, due to the fast pace of the city life, signs of fatigue and mild depression or stress can be visible on the NR443 Windshield Survey Form 4/9/15 LS 1 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443 Community Health Nursing some of the adults’ faces. Houston being a port city and a beautiful place, there are many tourists, who accelerate lifestyle vices like too much alcohol drinking, smoking and even use of illegal drugs. In the urban outskirts the pace is slower, families, kids, and pregnant women can be seen strolling and playing in the parks. Compared to the main city dwellers, these residents look calmer and almost happier (Nies & McEwen, 2015). b. Indicators of social and economic conditions: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the social and economic conditions. The tall majestic buildings in Houston town illustrate a picture of a prosperous town. These buildings are clearly a sign of a vibrant economy. Large cooperates have also established entities in Houston, indicating the positive economic conditions of the city. The lakeside houses in the outskirts are comfortable and large. They are almost luxury houses, which indicate an expensive taste of the residents. At the port the business is brisk with a lot of ships docking, this has created many employment opportunities for the residents of Houston. Most of the residents in Houston use the electric train, cars and taxi’s to move around, buses are very rare. However, just like any other city in America, there are areas associated with poverty in Houston. This has been widely associated with lack of good education especially in public schools in Houston. c. Health Resources: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the health resources. Health Care is probably one of the biggest investment in the Texas state especially Houston. It accommodates the internationally renowned Texas Medical Center, one of the largest healthcare and research in the world. This facility has 73,600 employees, 13 hospitals, 2 specialty institutions, 2 medical schools, 4 nursing schools, and schools of pharmacy, dentistry and public health. In fact, some of the tourists are in Houston, for medical reasons. Most of the problems people in Houston are likely to suffer from include: depression, stress, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. These are mostly lifestyle-induced diseases. A lot of research is equally done in the city, with many institutions taking up education of nurses and NR443 Windshield Survey Form 4/9/15 LS 2 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443 Community Health Nursing doctors as part of their service delivery. d. Environmental conditions related to health: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the environmental conditions. The environment in the Houston is a bit mixed. With the environment in the town being congested and polluted by different gaseous emissions. The tall built buildings, many vehicles and high population make the town feel so crowded and the environment is very unconducive, a typical city environment. The lakes are clean and are the source of water to the city however under severe threats from pollution of effluent from the major industries in the city. Further, the high population in Houston, to production of lot of excess waste. The outskirts of the city are best, with fresh air, vegetation and trees teeming from everywhere. These green areas make life very comfortable for the lakeside residents. e. Social functioning: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the social functioning. The society in Houston is very functional with churches, mosques and temples focusing on offering the people a variety in religious background. In education, the city has over 300 private schools. Other vanguard schools focusing on health professions, performing and visual arts among other sciences. Major universities in Houston include Texas Southern University, University of Houston, Rice University among others. People in Texas enjoy watching their games at the NRG Stadium and Minute Maid Park. The Galleria is the largest mall in all of Texas housed in Houston. Art Lovers visit the Houston museum of fine arts. f. Attitude toward healthcare: Use a majority of the questions from Box 6-2 in your text to describe your observations about the attitudes toward healthcare. People living in Houston are very sensitive about their health. This culture has been natured due to the large number of quality health resources around the city. Secondly, most of the people living in Houston are in the health profession or most likely know someone who is a health provider. This has allowed them to embrace the importance of healthcare. The local politicians and leaders as well, seem to advocate for the rights of their people to enjoy quality healthcare 3. Conclusion: (20 pts) One of the key Problems affecting the city of Houston is inequality, NR443 Windshield Survey Form 4/9/15 LS 3 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443 Community Health Nursing Provide a summary of your with most of the residents leaving in opulence while some languish in findings and your poverty. The city is overcrowded and the life is very costly and conclusion. What problems did you identify? demanding. This can lead to development of lifestyle related diseases among the citizens of Houston. The population and industrialization if not controlled can lead to pollution of the lakes around the city, contaminating the water source. The residents are very aware of health issues and have many healthcare facilities to meet their needs. 4. References: Nies, M., & McEwen, M. (2015). Community/Public Health optional: List in APA Nursing, 6th Edition; Promoting of Health format any references that Populations. New York: Saunders. you used. If you include any references here, you must also include an intext citation (author, year). NR443 Windshield Survey Form 4/9/15 LS 4 Running head: CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 Caring for Populations Milestone 2: Assessment and Diagnosis Elaine Calana Chamberlain College of Nursing Sally Fitzgerald 1 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 Assessment & Diagnosis They say in Houston you can find a doctor on every corner. This is as a result of its intense investment in the healthcare industry in terms of health care facilities, hospitals and medical teaching institutions. The windshield survey done in Houston is aimed at having an objective view of the Houston community and most importantly to diagnose the health problems facing the city dwellers. Apart from the survey’s observations, the objectives of the paper should be met using secondary data on the demographic and Epidemiological status of the city. This already recorded data plus the survey’s observation will assist in providing key diagnosis of the health problems and determine potential solutions. An assessment and diagnosis of health problems facing the Houston community is the subject of this discussion. The Houston Community Houston is revered as a metropolitan city inside the Texas State. The city is commonly referred to as the Texas state capital city. The community is very much urban in nature; this is evident from the fact that most of its population works in the city. Houston population was estimated at 2,195,914, in the 2013 population census. The Houston city is beautifully filled with magnificent towering buildings, which hold office for major global brands and companies. The Companies represent the cities leading industries: healthcare and energy. They provide employment to most of the Houston residents. Lake Houston, Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston surround the city and provide it with water. The Lakes propel the Houston economy through facilitation of the cities port that acts as an entrance to the city. This has led to the growth of the natural gas and oil business, which use the port for transportation. A lot of investment has also 2 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 been done in Houston on the health care industry; the city boasts of hosting the Texas Medical Center, which includes 13 hospitals and numerous research institutions. Houston Demographic Data Demographic data refers to the description of different characteristics of a population in terms of gender, age, race, education level, and income. In 2013, Houston’s population was at 2,233,310 people occupying 675 square miles of land. In 2010, the Houston population was held at 2,096,798, which signifies 4.7% growth in population from 2010 to 2013. 49.8% of the Houston population represents female while 50.2% represent male resident. This means in terms of gender equilibrium the Houston population is almost equally balanced. Looking at the Houston population’s age distribution, 8.1% are under 5 years, 25.9% are above 5 years but below 18 years, 9% are 65 years and over. This means that most of the Houston’s Population 57% composes of active adults (Census, 2013). Race wise, the majority of Houston population is 50.5% white, compared to the entire Texas state, which has over 70% representation; this figure is lower. African Americans represent 23.7%, 43.8% represent the Latino and Hispanic races. Education levels in Houston are high with 75% of the population representing high school graduates while 29% represents University graduates. The average Houston resident earns $45,010. When compared with the entire Texas City at $51,900, this is lower. Similarly, this fact is further explained by the poverty levels; with 23% residents of Houston believed to be living under poverty comparable with 17% in the entire Texas state. Houston Epidemiological Data Epidemiology data is important information about a community that indicates the distribution and highlights determinants of the health state of the community. This data is useful 3 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 in assessing, diagnosing and controlling community health problems. The factors that can be used to describe the epidemiology data are illness, mortality, morbidity, and mortality and risky behavior. The average life expectancy of a Houston citizen is estimated at 78.3 years. This is very high compared to other locations worldwide. In 2012, the male life expectancy was 75 while the female’s is 82. The two leading causes of mortality in Houston are heart diseases and Cancer. Risky behaviors attributed to poor health among the Houston residents include the use of tobacco, alcohol and other illegal drugs, obesity and overweight due to poor eating habits, depression, stress and hypertension. 13% of the Houston adult populations are smokers, whereas 40% of the cancers reported in the same year are lung, trachea or bronchus cancers. Only 14.3% of the Houston residents eat fruits and vegetables daily. This has contributed to the obesity and overweight issues (Houston, 2015). Survey Observations The First observation from the survey on the Houston community is the high population of the city. This means that theirs high competition among the residents for the limited opportunities and resources. Most of the population 57% is adult, skilled and educated; this only serves to intensify the competition for jobs and opportunities. The growing sectors in the Houston are Energy and Health industries, these sectors require highly skills levels and are considered stressful work environments. These two factors may contribute to the issue of the young adults in Houston facing stress and depression. The lakes form an entry point that encourages a lot of tourist and with it external influences. Some influences can be damaging like smoking, drugs and alcohol abuse. Young adults under intense pressure from the society may fall victim to this vices. The Houston population is ever busy and on the go. This means they lack 4 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 time to prepare and enjoy healthy meals. Instead, they depend on fast food, which is the primary source of obesity and overweight issues among the population. 5 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 Problem Diagnosis The Houston Population’s key problems are poor nutrition, abuse of drugs and alcohol and the struggle with stress and depression. They key community nursing health problem is the increased number of residents with overweight and obese issues. It is a concern as poor weight can lead to other diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and even some cancers. Socially, it makes one loose self-esteem and confidences. Many residents do not recognize the risk associate with being overweight, until it is too late. This is evident by the lack of awareness by many residents on their BMI index, which helps identify weight problems in individuals (Ellis, Abrams, & Wong, 1999). Overweight and obese people are less active in life in pursuant of their goals. This problem relates to the Health People 2020 objective number NWS-9 Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese (HealthyPeople, 2015). This problem is observed in the Houston community, thanks to the busy schedules of individuals in the city all geared towards earning a better income. Most of the residents are with busy at work, therefore, they lack time to shop for healthy groceries such as fruits and vegetables and add them to their meals. Numerous fast food joints litter the Houston City. The restaurants serve food high in fats and cholesterol to adults as well as young children. This is the major contributor to obesity among adults and school going children (Reilly & Kelly, 2011). Conclusion To sum up, poor nutrition can lead to overweight and obese health problems. These are becoming popular lifestyle diseases in many fast moving cities as observed in the Houston Case study. This is attributed to the increased focus on business and work and disregarding the individuals Healthy needs. The results are dangerous diseases with even more dire consequences. 6 CARING FOR POPULATIONS MILESTONE 2 References Census, H. (2013, November 12). Houston Demographic Data. Retrieved from http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/demographic-data Ellis, K. J., Abrams, S. A., & Wong, W. W. (1999). Monitoring Obesity: Assessment of the Weight/Height2 Index. American Journal of Epidemiology, Pp. 939-946. HealtyPeople. (2015, January 15). Nutrition and Weight Status. Retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/nutrition-and-weightstatus/objectives Houston. (2015). The State of Health of Houston/Harris County 2015-2016. Houston: Houston Department of Health and Human Services. Nies, M., & McEwen, M. (2015). Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition; Promoting of Health Populations. New York: Saunders. Reilly, J. J., & Kelly, J. (2011). Long-term impact of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence on morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood. International Journal of Obesity, Pp 891-898. 7
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Guidelines for Caring for Populations Milestone 2
Assessment and Diagnosis
Student Name
College/University

Abstract
During this era, we boast to have attained a certain level of perfection in treating the common
diseases. Thanks to most sophisticated treatments and drugs available through sheer research and
hard work of the health professionals. However, there are communities in US who are not reaping
the benefits of this technological innovation and development. The blacks are more likely to fall
victim to and are vulnerable to common diseases more than the white communities. The Blacks in
US are among the highest number of community members who are suffering from HIV-AIDS. In
terms of race, Afro-Americans are most seriously affected by AIDS. Non-Hispanic blacks have
40% more likelihood of developing high blood pressure as compared to whites. Diabetes is also
found 77% more among Blacks. The paper draws the attention towards the gaps among health
pertaining to different communities and an urgent need to look into the matter for eradication of
the problems. (Shapiro, 2004)

Community Overview
The community I have picked for my paper is Afro-Americans in Miami Dade County.
The specific characteristics of this group are typical of a community which doesn’t have ample
socio-economic opportunities at their disposal. The Afro Americans belong to low-income group.
Community is also discriminated due to their ethnicity. The predominant number of people
belonging to this community doesn’t have stable incomes. Their environment is also manifested
with domestic violence, and drug abuse. The level of education is also low among the community
members.
Demographic Data
The total population of Miami Dade County is 2693, 0000 people. Individuals with AfroAmerican origin constitute 18.9% of total population. Miami Dade County holds the black
population which constitutes 7th largest concentrated in any metropolitan of the country. The Black
population in Miami Dade County is more than 1 million. The black community is further divided
into subgroups of different descents. The statistics are revealed by US census bureau. The statistics
also reveal that the blacks in Miami Dade County are suffering from common diseases and there
is a sharp contrast as compared to other communities.
Blacks make around 20% of the Miami’s population, but more than half of the 1141 cases
and around half of the cases of 1549 HIV were reported in Blacks in 2008. In the same year, AfroAmericans demonstrated 44% of 800 cases in males, while 75% of the cases in females. Same year
saw the number of blacks comprised of 36% cases of HIV in men and 71% cases in women.
Epidemiological Data

Most Low birth weight babies in Miami Dade County were of the black mothers at 13.6%.
During the same period, the infant mortality rate among blacks was double than whites and
Hispanics. Teens that were obese or overweight have same percentage for blacks and white at
34%. As for as the adults who were obese or over-weight accounted for 78.4% for black: highest
in number. Adults who did not perform any physical activity included 35.5% blacks, second in
number after Hispanics. (DeNavas-Wait, 2009)
Black teens smoked least at slightly more than 5% than their white and Hispanic
counterparts. Likewise, blacks also drank least and stood at 11%. Adults who smoked were 15%
slightly higher than white teens. 13.6% of the adult blacks were drinkers for the same period of
time. Black teens were most sexually active at 61.2%. The black female teens were highest in
number who gave birth at 51.1 per 1000 females. About 41% of the blacks suffered HIV.
The problems identified for the Black community of Miami Dade County are deep rooted.
The problems are mostly associated with low level of education, higher domestic violence, drug
and substance abuse and poverty. The observations described here also draw the attention towards
lack of coordinated efforts for the community to get better socio-economic opportunities. The
allied problems are psychological factors linked with low level of income and lack of healthy and
nutritious diet.
Windshield Survey
The most common disease afflicting Black community in Miami Dade County is HIV and
AIDS. Other diseases uncovered through the statistics reveal high prevalence of infant mortality

and highest birth rate among black teens. There are other instances which are also alarming, as
obesity and other diseases associated with inactive lifestyles. (Connolly, 2014)
Problem Diagnosis
One common community health problem identified from the research in to the matter is
highest infant mortality rate in black mothers. The reason being, the number of infant mortality
rate is double among black mothers as compared to Hispanic and white females.
My choice is related to M...


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