Montclair State University Latin American Politics History Midterm

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Humanities

Montclair State University

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  1. How did colonialism introduce a pattern of inequality in Latin America that would persist into the present?
  2. Latin American criollos (creoles) came to want independence -that is, territorial sovereignty. What did most of them not want to happen with independence?
  3. How did the phenomena of caudillos or coroneles first arise in Latin America? How would you explain the role of such figures in nineteenth century Latin America?
  4. List at least three important ways in which the Latin American society of the early 1900's was different from that of Latin America around 1800.
  5. What is populism? What characterized populist leaders in Latin America during the twentieth century?
  6. Why were Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) policies not successful in most Latin American countries? Cite at least one example.
  7. What are the key ways in which modernization and dependency theory differ?
  8. Did neoliberal economic policies implemented in Latin America in the 1990's strengthen or weaken existing levels of inequality? Explain.

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Explanation & Answer

here is the paper

Running Head: LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY

Latin American History
Student
Institution Affiliation

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LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY

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1. How did colonialism introduce a pattern of inequality in Latin America that would
persist into the present?
The levels of inequality were modest for pre-colonial Latin America just like in many other
poor pre-industrial societies. Colonialism introduced European diseases that ravaged the natives.
This caused a reduction of laborforce. Slaves from Africa were brought to supplement the native
workforce during its recovery and this way inequality rebounded (Fuente & Andrews, 2018).
Inequality would reduce and increase later but this marks the origin of inequality that has
worsened today.
2. Latin American criollos (creoles) came to want independence -that is, territorial
sovereignty. What did most of them not want to happen with independence?
The Spanish Bourbons imposed reforms that provoked huge instability in the way the
Americas’ authorities related to their colonial subjects in the 18th century. Most Creoles (born in
America but of Spanish parentage) considered the bourbon changes an unfair attack on their
political power, social status, and wealth. Others had not undergone any suffering in the course
of the 2nd part of the eighteenth century; in the real sense, the trade restrictions’ gradual
loosening benefited a few creoles in Venezuela, as well as certain regions, which had relocated
to the center in the course of the late colonial period. Those profits, on the other hand...


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