Peripheral vascular disease and is caused by an increase in the hydrostatic pressure of the blood Intermittent claudication and it caused by ischemia of the muscle tissue Peripheral vascular disease and is caused by chronic venous insufficiency Exam 4 1. An 68-year old female patient is taken to the Emergency Department by ambulance. She has a history of hypertension, diabetes type II and peripheral arterial disease ....and the family reports hemiparesis of the right arm and leg. The nurse also notes during assessment that the patient also has slurred speech. What is the most likely diagnosis A hemorrhage stroke of the right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex An ischemic stroke of the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex An ischemic cerebellar stroke An TIA (transient ischemic stroke) 2. After having a CAT scan, a patient is diagnosed with a pituitary tumor. One sequela of this tumor is that the patient experience hormone secretion. Which one of the following is true of this pathological process It is called diabetes insipidus (DI) The patient would have a low serum osmolality The patient would experience a tissue to blood fluid shift It is called syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) 3. A patient is diagnosed with cholecystitis. Which of the following is true of this condition? Possible signs and symptoms include hematemesis and melena The primary risk factors are obesity, age over 40, and female gender Long term sequela may include Barrett's esophagus H. Pylori is a contributing factor, and all prescribed antibiotics should be completely finished by the patient 4. Which of the following statements are true and could help explain the connection between the pathophysiology of a hemispheric brain attack and the pattern? ioning of the cranial nerve controlling facial movement is compromised by cerebral edema. 1., Ospinal tracts leading from the cerebrum to the limb muscles decussate and control the contralateral arm and leg. ,, of brain tissue is causing cellular injury, malfunction, and swelling. ,,es from the spinothalamic tracts in the basal ganglia to the neuromuscular junction are impaired. 5. A registered Nurse is providing education to a patient who is newly diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which statement made by the patient shows that they understand what behaviors can increase their risk of this disease? I need to switch from coffee in the morning to hot tea I need to let my healthcare provider know if I am having problems with left lower abdominal pain and constipation I need to use fewer NSAID for pain. I need to do a better job managing my daily blood sugar levels. 6. A nurse shows understanding of the general mechanisms and sequelae of cerebral pathologies when he performs which acute nursing skill on comatose patient? Keeps the mean arterial pressure less than 15mmHg to increase the CPP (cerebral perfusion pressure) Lays the patient flat to keep CPP and ICP in balance. Administers diuretics as ordered to decrease ICP (intracranial pressure). Gives lubricating eye drop if a pupil becomes fixed and dilated during a stroke. 7. A patient with a long history of cirrhosis has an RBC count of 2.9 million cmm, WBC count of 3,200 cmm and platelet count of 40,000cmm. In the of context of cirrhosis, which of the following is the most likely to have caused the lab abnormalities? (norms: WBCs: 5-10,000 cmm; RBCs: 4-6 million cmm; platelet count 150,000- 400,000cmm) Pancreatitis Ulcerative colitis Hypersplenism Acute gastritis 8. Which patient picture would be most consistent with a diagnosis of multiple cirrhosis? A man needing a wheelchair because of bilateral, symmetric weakness A middle-aged man whose assessment findings include bilateral papilledema An elderly woman with a basal ganglion gait A young woman using a cane because one leg is weak. 9. A nurse is caring for a patient who is hospitalized with a liver disease. She is aware that there are many sequelae of liver disease she most monitor for. Which one of these would not be characteristic of a patient with liver disease? Easy bruising and possibly bleeding from his IV sites and urinary catheter. Polyuria and fluid volume deficit related to hyperproteinemia and hyperosmolality. An increased risk for acquiring a nosocomial infection such as a MRSA or VRE. Weight loss and vitamins deficiencies due to impaired production of bile salts. 10. A patient is newly diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and wants to know more about her diagnosis. The student nurse reflects accurate understanding of the disease when he teaches the patient that they will experience_ because of Dementia, emotional upset, behavioral changes: accumulation of amyloid in the brain which forms plaque-like material. Progressive muscle weakness with activity: autoantibody destruction of acetylchloline receptors at the neuromuscular junction, individualistic characteristics, depending on the site of the lesions in the brain: t-cell attack degenerates the myelin in multiple areas of the brain Severe episodic one-sided headaches: an alteration in neurotransmitters that activates vasodilation and increased capillary permeability in the brain. 11. An RN notices that his patient's sudden weakness on ne side of the body has completely resolved with 24hours of beginning. The RN demonstrates understanding of the pathophysiology of this event when he gives the following explanation to the patient: You have had a small area of hemorrhage in your brain; to prevent worsening, you must take an anticoagulant every day. You had symptoms of a temporary problem in your cerebellum; it is often a warning of future balance and coordination issues. You have permanent damage in certain areas of your brain; your symptoms will return. You had a temporary blockage in a brain artery; it is often a warning of a future stroke. 12. A patient with chronic alcoholism begins to exhibit asterixis, atasia, and confusion. These are signs of college instructors. Befuddlement, due to the Confudo spell cast on pre-nursing students by evil Dark Art Encephalopathy related to nosocomially-acquired meningitis and focal seizure activity. Encephalopathy related to the diseased liver's inability to break down dietary protein to urea for excretion by the kidneys. Increased ammonia level due to macrophagic activity of the liver's Kupffer cells. of the newborn which is characterized by: 13. An Rh negative mother gives birth to her first child, who has B+ blood. If the mother is not treated with Rhogam, it is likely that the baby will have hemolytic disease Choledocholithiasis Posthepatic jaundice. Intra-hepatic jaundice High levels of unconjugated bilirubin 14. A registered Nurse is assessing a patient with a diffuse injury stroke. Which of the following assessment findings would be consistent with this patient? Nausea and vomiting Pupillary miosis upon exposure to light Facial drooping on the right side and right arm and leg weakness Absent central reflexes (cough, gag and swallow) 15. A woman is found by emergency medical professionals in an unconscious state. Her skin is pale and diaphoretic and her blood glucose is 32 bracelet that states she takes medications for diabetes. Understanding the link between S&S and several possible pathologic states that the patient is in _ coma. Thyroid storm Diabetic Insulin Post-ictal 16. An RN is doing a neurologic assessment on a patient with a hemorrhagic hemispheric stroke. The nurse notices that the patient legs are much weaker than on the right. If the difference is due to a hemispheric stroke, the RN will notice that the patient also Does not recognize the family member. Cannot do simple addition problems. Is having bilateral decorticate posturing Has dysphasia and dysphagia 17. Patient has cirrhosis and is noted to have peripheral edema and significant ascites. Which mini-concept map best links cirrhosis with the cause
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