Gas laws Recitation , assignment help

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Student Name: _____________________________ Partners Name:_____________________________ Partners Name:_____________________________ Partners Name:_____________________________ Date: _________________ Recitation Class Number Introduction In this activity, we will explore how gas particle interactions at the microscopic level can explain macroscopic phenomena such as pressure and volume. To accomplish this, we will use a computer simulation developed by the University of Colorado. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties Part I: The Relationship between n and P For the following questions, make sure that “TEMPERATURE” is selected in the Constant Parameter section and that gravity is set to zero. In the ADAVANCED OPTIONS, check that “Molecules Collide” is selected. 1. What is the pressure in the gas chamber when empty? 2. Make sure the heavy (blue) gas is selected and pump 40 particles into the chamber (you can do this with the pump, or more precisely with the up/down arrows in the right menu). a. What is the approximate pressure after adding the gas particles? b. What happens to the pressure when you double the number of gas particles to 80? c. What happens to the pressure when you triple the number of gas particles to 120? d. What is the relationship between the number of gas particles and the pressure? e. In the space below, graph the relationship between the number of gas particles (n) and the Pressure (P) f. Pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted on a surface. Based on your observations above, what is causing the gas pressure to increase when you add more gas particles? 1 Recitation: Gas Law Activity | Arizona State University @ Polytechnic Part II: The Relationship between V and P 3. Fill the chamber with 80 heavy (blue) particles again. Select the ruler tool to visualize the size of the container. a. What is the width of the container (from inner wall to inner wall)? b. Decrease the size of the container to half its initial size. What happens to the pressure? c. What is the relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas sample at constant Temperature? d. In the space below, graph the relationship between the Volume (V) and Pressure (P) of a gas. Part III: Speed and Kinetic Energy 4. Fill the chamber with 40 heavy (blue) gas particles and make note of the pressure. a. How does the pressure change when you add 40 lighter (red) particles to the container? b. Based on your answer to (a), does the size of the particle have any effect on the Pressure? c. Which particles have the faster average speed (the red or blue ones)? d. Which particles are colliding with the walls more often? e. The Kinetic Energy of a particle can be calculated as KE=1/2 mv2, where m is the mass of the particle and v is the velocity. Explain how a red particle can impart the same kinetic energy on the container wall as a blue particle if the red particle has a much lower mass. 5. Click on the ‘Reset’ button. Click on the MEASUREMENT TOOLS option and check the “Energy Histograms” box. Fill the chamber with 200 red particles (and no blue ones). a. Are all the red particles traveling at the same speed? If not, sketch the overall distribution and label the most probable speed. b. Do all the particles have the same kinetic energy? If not, sketch the overall distribution and label the most probable kinetic energy. 2 Recitation: Gas Law Activity | Arizona State University @ Polytechnic 6. Now, fill the chamber with 200 blue particles. a. Are all the blue particles traveling at the same speed? If not, sketch the overall distribution and label the most probable speed. b. Do all the particles have the same kinetic energy? If not, sketch the overall distribution and label the most probable kinetic energy. c. Describe the difference (if any) in the distribution of speeds for the lighter vs. the heavier particles. d. Describe the difference (if any) in the distribution of kinetic energy for the lighter vs. the heavier particles. e. Does your answer to 6 (d) agree with your answer to 4 (e)? 7. Click on the ‘Reset’ button. Set NONE in the Constant Parameter menu and put 40 red and 40 blue particles into the chamber. Set the temperature to 300K (if it is not there already). a. What is the pressure of the gas mixture? b. What happens to the Pressure when you double the absolute (Kelvin) temperature to 600 K? c. What is the relationship between gas pressure and absolute temperature? d. In the space below, graph the relationship between the Pressure (P) and Temperature (T) of a gas. e. When the temperature of a gas sample is raised from 25 ºC to 50 ºC, the pressure does not double. Explain why. Part IV: Escape of Particles 8. Slide open the top of the container to create an opening of about 0.5 nm (you can use the ruler to measure). a. Which gas escapes faster? b. What happens to the temperature and pressure of the gas as the particles escape? c. Which balloon do you suppose would deflate faster at a birthday party—one filled with He or one filled with Ar? Explain your answer. 3 Recitation: Gas Law Activity | Arizona State University @ Polytechnic
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Explanation & Answer

Student Name: _____________________________
Partners Name:_____________________________
Partners Name:_____________________________
Partners Name:_____________________________

Date: _________________
Recitation Class Number

Introduction
In this activity, we will explore how gas particle interactions at the microscopic level can explain macroscopic
phenomena such as pressure and volume. To accomplish this, we will use a computer simulation developed by
the University of Colorado.
http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties

Part I: The Relationship between n and P
For the following questions, make sure that “TEMPERATURE” is selected in the Constant Parameter
section and that gravity is set to zero. In the ADAVANCED OPTIONS, check that “Molecules Collide” is
selected.
1. What is the pressure in the gas chamber when empty?
Zero because there are no gas particles to collide

2. Make sure the heavy (blue) gas is selected and pump 40 particles into the chamber (you can do this with
the pump, or more precisely with the up/down arrows in the right menu).
a. What is the approximate pressure after adding the gas particles?
7.0psi
b. What happens to the pressure when you double the number of gas particles to 80?
14.2psi
c. What happens to the pressure when you triple the number of gas particles to 120?
20.6
d. What is the relationship between the number of gas particles and the pressure?
As th...

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