MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Applications 1/2-Inch 3-Megapixel CMOS Digital Image Sensor MT9T031 For the latest data sheet, refer to Aptina’s Web site: www.aptina.com Features Table 1: High frame rate Global reset release Horizontal and vertical binning Column and row skip modes Superior low-light performance Low dark current Simple two-wire serial interface Programmable controls: Gain, frame rate, frame size, exposure • Pin-for-pin compatible with Aptina’s 1.3-megapixel MT9M001 1/2-inch (4:3) 6.55mm(H) x 4.92mm(V) 8.19 (Diagonal) 2,048H x 1,536V 3.2μm x 3.2μm RGB Bayer pattern Global reset release (GRR), electronic rolling shutter (ERS) 48 MPS/48 MHz Active pixels Pixel size Color filter array Shutter type Maximum data rate/ master clock QXGA (2,048 x 1,536) UXGA Frame (1,600 x 1,200) rate HDTV (1,280 x 720) XGA (1,024 x 768) VGA (640 x 480) ADC resolution Responsivity Dynamic range SNRMAX Supply voltage Power consumption High resolution network cameras Wide field of view cameras Dome cameras with electronic pan, tilt, and zoom Hybrid video cameras with high resolution stills Detailed feature extraction for smart cameras General Description The Aptina® MT9T031 is a QXGA-format 1/2-inch CMOS active-pixel digital image sensor with an active imaging pixel array of 2,048H x 1,536V. It incorporates sophisticated camera functions on-chip such as windowing, column and row skip mode, and snapshot mode. It is programmable through a simple two-wire serial interface. Programmable up to 12 fps Programmable up to 20 fps Programmable up to 39 fps Programmable up to 43 fps Programmable up to 93 fps 10-bit, on-chip >1.0 V/lux-sec (550nm) 61dB 43dB 3.0V−3.6V (3.3V nominal) 244mW (nominal); 1.65μW (standby) 0°C to 60°C 48-pin CLCC Operating temperature Packaging The 3-megapixel CMOS image sensor features Aptina’s breakthrough low-noise CMOS imaging technology that achieves CCD image quality (based on signal-tonoise ratio and low-light sensitivity) while maintaining the inherent size, cost, and integration advantages of CMOS. Ordering Information Table 2: Available Part Numbers Part Number MT9T031C12STC MT9T031C12STCD ES MT9T031C12STCH ES PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Typical Value Optical format Active imager size Applications • • • • • Key Performance Parameters Parameter • • • • • • • • 1 . Description 48-Pin CLCC 48-Pin CLCC demo 48-Pin CLCC headboard . ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Table of Contents Table of Contents Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Pixel Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Pixel Array Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Output Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Output Data Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Frame Timing Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Register List and Default Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Sensor Core Register Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Feature Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Window Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Window Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Electronic Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Blanking Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Frame Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 High Frame Rate Readout Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Pixel Integration Time Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Snapshot Mode and Flash Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Setting up for Snapshot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Triggering A Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Strobe Pulse Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Global Shutter Release Snapshot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Programmed Exposure Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Skip and Bin Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Smaller Format Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Line_Valid Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Gain Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Black Level Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Manual Black Level Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Black Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Standby Control and Chip Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Serial Bus Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Bus Idle State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Start Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Stop Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Slave Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Data Bit Transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Acknowledge Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 No-Acknowledge Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Two-Wire Serial Interface Sample Write and Read Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 16-Bit Write Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 16-Bit Read Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Two-Wire Serial Register Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 I/O Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 2 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Table of Contents Revision History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 3 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1: Figure 2: Figure 3: Figure 4: Figure 5: Figure 6: Figure 7: Figure 8: Figure 9: Figure 10: Figure 11: Figure 12: Figure 13: Figure 14: Figure 15: Figure 16: Figure 17: Figure 18: Figure 19: Figure 20: Figure 21: Figure 22: Figure 23: Figure 24: Figure 25: Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Typical Configuration (Connection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 48-Pin CLCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Pixel Array Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Pixel Color Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Spatial Illustration of Image Readout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Timing Example of Pixel Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Row Timing and FRAME_VALID/LINE_VALID Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Windowing Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Column Skip 2X; Row Skip 2X Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Column Skip 3X; Row Skip 3X Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Column Skip 4X; Row Skip 4X Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Column Skip 8X; Row Skip 8X Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Bin 2-to-1: 2,048H x 1,536V (QXGA) to 1,024H x 768V (XGA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Bin 3-to-1: 2,048H x 1,536V (QXGA) to 640H x 480V (VGA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Different LINE_VALID Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Timing Diagram Showing a Write to R0x09 with the Value 0x0284 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Timing Diagram Showing a Read from R0x09; Returned Value 0x0284 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 I/O Timing Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Quantum Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Image Center Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 48-Pin CLCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 4 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor List of Tables List of Tables Table 1: Table 2: Table 3: Table 4: Table 5: Table 6: Table 7: Table 8: Table 9: Table 10: Table 11: Table 12: Table 13: Table 14: Table 15: Table 16: Table 17: Key Performance Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Available Part Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Frame Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Core Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Core Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Standard Resolutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Wide Screen (16:9) Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Auto Focus Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 STROBE Pulse Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Bin and Skip Mode Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Skip and Bin Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Gain Increment Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Two-Wire Serial Bus Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 I/O Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 5 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor General Description General Description The sensor can be operated in its default mode or programmed by the user for frame size, exposure, gain setting, and other parameters. The default mode outputs a QXGA image at 12 frames per second (fps). An on-chip analog-to-digital converter (ADC) provides 10 bits per pixel. FRAME_VALID and LINE_VALID signals are output on dedicated pins, along with a pixel clock that is synchronous with valid data. The MT9T031 produces extraordinarily clear, sharp digital pictures, and its ability to capture both continuous video and single frames makes it the perfect choice for a wide range of consumer and industrial applications, including digital still cameras, digital video cameras, and PC cameras. Figure 1: Block Diagram Control Register Active-Pixel Sensor (APS) Array Analog Processing PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Timing and Control ADC 6 Two-Wire Serial Interface Clock Sync Signals 10-bit Data ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor General Description Figure 2: Typical Configuration (Connection) VDD + VAA 0.01µF 0.1µF 0.1µF AGND SCLK SDATA MASTER CLOCK EXTCLK TRIGGER GSHT_CTL DOUT[9:0] STANDBY OE# TEST DGND + DGND Note: PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN AGND PIXCLK LINE_VALID FRAME_VALID STROBE RESET# 10µF VAAPIX TWO-WIRE SERIAL BUS VAA DGND VDD 1.5KΩ1 1KΩ 1.5KΩ1 2.2µF AGND 1. Resistor value 1.5KΩ is recommended, but may be greater for slower two-wire speed. 7 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor General Description DGND VDD NC NC VAAPIX AGND AGND SCLK SDATA NC DGND 48-Pin CLCC NC 6 5 4 3 2 1 48 47 46 45 44 43 10 39 STROBE 11 38 DGND GSHT_CTL 12 37 VDD OE# 13 36 DOUT[9] NC 14 35 DOUT[8] AGND 15 34 DOUT[7] VAA 16 33 DOUT[6] AGND 17 32 DOUT[5] AGND 18 31 PIXCLK 19 NC NC Table 3: 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 NC RESET# EXTCLK LINE_VALID DOUT[4] 40 DOUT[3] FRAME_VALID 9 DOUT[2] 41 NC DOUT[1] TRIGGER DOUT[0] NC DGND 42 8 VDD 7 AGND STANDBY VAA Figure 3: . Pin Descriptions Pin Numbers Symbol Type Description 7 STANDBY Input 8 10 13 TRIGGER RESET# OE# Input Input Input 29 46 12 45 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 31 EXTCLK SCLK GSHT_CTL SDATA DOUT[9:0] Input Input Input I/O Output Standby: activates (HIGH) standby mode, disables analog bias circuitry for power saving mode. Trigger: activates (HIGH) snapshot sequence. Reset: activates (LOW) asynchronous reset of sensor. All registers assume factory defaults. Output enable: OE# when HIGH, places outputs DOUT[9:0], FRAME_VALID, LINE_VALID, PIXCLK, and STROBE into a tri-state configuration. Clock in: master clock into sensor (48 MHz maximum). Serial clock: clock for serial interface. Global shutter control. Serial data: serial data bus, requires 1.5KΩ resistor to 3.3V for pull-up. Data out: pixel data output bit 0, DOUT[9] (MSB), DOUT[0] (LSB). PIXCLK Output 39 STROBE Output 40 LINE_VALID Output 41 1 4, 22, 37 FRAME_VALID VAAPIX VDD Output Supply Supply PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Pixel clock: pixel data outputs are valid during falling edge of this clock. Frequency = (master clock). Strobe: output is pulsed HIGH to indicate sensor reset operation of pixel array has completed. Line valid: output is pulsed HIGH during line of selectable valid pixel data (see R0x20 for options). Frame valid: output is pulsed HIGH during frame of valid pixel data. Analog pixel power: provide power supply for pixel array, 3.3V ±0.3V. Digital power: provide power supply for digital block, 3.3V ±0.3V. 8 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor General Description Table 3: Pin Descriptions (Continued) Pin Numbers Symbol Type 5, 23, 38, 43 16, 20 15, 17, 18, 21, 47, 48 2, 3, 6, 9, 11,14,19, 30 42, 44 DGND VAA AGND Supply Supply Supply NC – PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Description Digital ground: provide isolated ground for digital block. Analog power: provide power supply for analog block, 3.3V ±0.3V. Analog ground: provide isolated ground for analog block and pixel array. No connect: these pins must be left unconnected. 9 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Pixel Data Format Pixel Data Format Pixel Array Structure The MT9T031 pixel array is configured as 2,112 columns by 1,568 rows, as shown in Figure 4. Columns from 0 through 27 and from 2,085 through 2,111 are optically black. Similarly, rows from 0 through 15 and from 1,561 through 1,567 are optically black. These optical black columns and rows can be used to monitor the black level. The black row data is used internally for the automatic black level adjustment. However, the black rows and columns can also be read out by setting R0x20 (11) and R0x1E (7), respectively. There are 2,057 columns by 1,545 rows of optically active pixels, which provides a fourpixel boundary around the QXGA (2,048 x 1,536) image to avoid boundary effects during color interpolation and correction. The MT9T031 uses a Bayer color pattern, as shown in Figure 5. The even-numbered rows contain green and red color pixels, and odd-numbered rows contain blue and green color pixels. The even-numbered columns contain green and blue color pixels; oddnumbered columns contain red and green color pixels. Figure 4: Pixel Array Description 16 black rows (0, 0) 4 27 black columns 5 QXGA (2,048 x 1,536) + 4 pixel boundary for color correction + additional active column + additional active row = 2,057 x 1,545 active pixels 4 28 black columns 5 (2111, 1567) Figure 5: 7 black rows Pixel Color Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner) column readout direction .. . black pixels Pixel (28, 16) row readout direction ... G R G R G R G B G B G B G B G R G R G R G B G B G B G B G R G R G R G B G B G B G B .. . PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 10 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Pixel Data Format Output Data Format The MT9T031 image data is read out in a progressive scan. Valid image data is surrounded by horizontal blanking and vertical blanking, as shown in Figure 6. The amount of horizontal blanking and vertical blanking is programmable through R0x05 and R0x06, respectively. LINE_VALID is HIGH during the shaded region of the figure. FRAME_VALID timing is described in “Output Data Timing” on page 11. Figure 6: Spatial Illustration of Image Readout P0,0 P0,1 P0,2.....................................P0,n-1 P0,n P1,0 P1,1 P1,2.....................................P1,n-1 P1,n 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 VALID IMAGE HORIZONTAL BLANKING Pm-1,0 Pm-1,1.....................................Pm-1,n-1 Pm-1,n 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 Pm,0 Pm,1.....................................Pm,n-1 Pm,n 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 00 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 VERTICAL BLANKING VERTICAL/HORIZONTAL BLANKING 00 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 00 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00 Output Data Timing The data output of the MT9T031 is synchronized with the PIXCLK output. When LINE_VALID is HIGH, one 10-bit pixel datum is output every PIXCLK period. The PIXCLK can be used as a clock to latch the data. DOUT data is valid on the falling edge of PIXCLK in default mode. The PIXCLK is HIGH while master clock is HIGH and then LOW while master clock is LOW. It is continuously enabled, even during the blanking period. The parameters P, A, and Q shown in Figure 8 are defined in Table 4. Figure 7: Timing Example of Pixel Data .... LINE_VALID .... PIXCLK Blanking DOUT[9:0] PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN P0 (9:0) P1 (9:0) P2 (9:0) 11 P3 (9:0) Blanking .... Valid Image Data P4 (9:0) .... Pn-1 (9:0) Pn (9:0) ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Pixel Data Format Figure 8: Row Timing and FRAME_VALID/LINE_VALID Signals ... FRAME_VALID ... LINE_VALID ... Number of master clocks P1+P2 A Q A Q A P3 Frame Timing Formulas Table 4: Frame Timing Parameter Name Equation (Pixel Clocks = Master Clock) R Active Rows A Active Columns P1 Frame Start Blanking 1 P2 Frame Start Blanking 2 P3 Frame End Blanking 3 ((R0x03 + 1)/((R0x22[2–0] + 1))) (rounded up to next even number) ((R0x04 + 1)/((R0x23[2–0] + 1))) (rounded up to next even number) 331 if R0x22[5–4] = 0, normal 673 if R0x22[5–4] = 1, Bin 2X 999 if R0x22[5–4] = 2, Bin 3X 38 if R0x23[5–4] = 0, normal 22if R0x23[5–4] = 1, Bin 2X 14 if R0x23[5–4] = 2, Bin 3X R0x05 (minimum R0x05 value = 21) Q Horizontal Blanking P1 + P2 + P3 P4 Shutter Overhead R0x0C + 316 x (R0x23[5–4] +1) tROW RowTime The greater of: (A + Q) or (P1+ P4) V Vertical Blanking (R0x06 + 1) x tROW tFV Frame Valid Time R x tROW tFRAME Total Frame Time The greater of: ((65536 x R0x08 + R0x09) x tROW) or (tFV + V) PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 12 Default Timing at 48 MHz 1,536 pixel clocks = 32.0?s 2,048 pixel clocks = 42.67?s 331pixel clocks = 6.89?s 38 pixel clocks = 0.79?s 142 pixel clocks = 2.96?s 511 pixel clocks = 10.65?s 316 pixel clocks = 6.58?s 2,559 pixel clocks = 53.31?s 66,534 pixel clocks = 1.39ms 3,930,624 pixel clocks = 81.89ms 3,997,158 pixel clocks = 83.27ms ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Register List and Default Values Register List and Default Values Table 5: Core Registers *1 = always 1; 0 = always 0; d = programmable; ? = read only Register # Dec (Hex) Register Description Data Format (Binary)* R0(R0x00) R1(R0x01) R2(R0x02) R3(R0x03) R4(R0x04) R5(R0x05) R6(R0x06) R7(R0x07) R8(R0x08) R9(R0x09) R10(R0x0A) R11(R0x0B) R12(R0x0C) R13(R0x0D) R30(R0x1E) R32(R0x20) R33(R0x21) R34(R0x22) R35(R0x23) R39(R0x27) R41(R0x29) R43(R0x2B) R44(R0x2C) R45(R0x2D) R46(R0x2E) R48(R0x30) R50(R0x32) R53(R0x35) R60(R0x3C) R61(R0x3D) R62(R0x3E) R63(R0x3F) R64(R0x40) R65(R0x41) R66(R0x42) R67(R0x43) R68(R0x44) R69(R0x45) R70(R0x46) R71(R0x47) R72(R0x48) R73(R0x49) Chip Version Row Start Column Start Row Size Column Size Horizontal Blanking Vertical Blanking Output Control Shutter Width Upper Shutter Width Pixel Clock Control Frame Restart Shutter Delay Reset Read Mode 1 Read Mode 2 Read Mode 3 Row Address Mode Column Address Mode Reserved Reserved Green1 Gain Blue Gain Red Gain Green2 Gain Reserved Test Data Global Gain Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Black Level ???? ???? ???? ???? 0000 0ddd dddd dddd 0000 dddd dddd dddd 0000 0ddd dddd dddd 0000 dddd dddd dddd 0000 0ddd dddd dddd 0000 0ddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 0000 0000 dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 0000 0000 000d 0000 0ddd dddd dddd 0000 0000 0000 000d dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 0000 0000 00dd dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 0ddd dddd dddd — — 0ddd dddd dddd dddd 0ddd dddd dddd dddd 0ddd dddd dddd dddd 0ddd dddd dddd dddd — 0000 0ddd ddd dd00 0ddd dddd dddd dddd — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0000 dddd dddd dddd PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 13 Default Value Dec (Hex) 5665 (0x1621) 20 (0x0014) 32 (0x0020) 1535 (0x05FF) 2047 (0x07FF) 142 (0x008E) 25 (0x0019) 2 (0x0002) 0 (0x0000) 1561 (0x0619) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 49216 (0xC040) 8192 (0x2000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 1 (0x0001) 1025 (0x0401) 8 (0x0008) 8 (0x0008) 8 (0x0008) 8 (0x0008) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 8 (0x0008) 16 (0x0010) 5 (0x0005) 3 (0x0003) 2 (0x0002) 5 (0x0005) 3 (0x0003) 3 (0x0003) 3 (0x0003) 3 (0x0003) 16 (0x0010) 16 (0x0010) 16 (0x0010) 16 (0x0010) 168 (0x00A8) Note 1, 2 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Register List and Default Values Table 5: Core Registers (Continued) *1 = always 1; 0 = always 0; d = programmable; ? = read only Register # Dec (Hex) Register Description Data Format (Binary)* R74(R0x4A) R75(R0x4B) R76(R0x4C) R77(R0x4D) R78(R0x4E) R79(R0x4F) R80(R0x50) R81(R0x51) R82(R0x52) R83(R0x53) R84(R0x54) R85(R0x55) R86(R0x56) R91(R0x5B) R92(R0x5C) R93(R0x5D) R94(R0x5E) R95(R0x5F) R96(R0x60) R97(R0x61) R98(R0x62) R99(R0x63) R100(R0x64) R101(R0x65) R103(R0x67) R104(R0x68) R105(R0x69) R106(R0x6A) R107(R0x6B) R108(R0x6C) R109(R0x6D) R110(R0x6E) R112(R0x70) R113(R0x71) R114(R0x72) R115(R0x73) R116(R0x74) R117(R0x75) R118(R0x76) R119(R0x77) R120(R0x78) R121(R0x79) R122(R0x7A) R123(R0x7B) Reserved Row Black Default Offset Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved BLC Delta Thresholds Reserved Cal Thresholds Cal Green1 Offset Cal Green2 Offset Black Level Calibration Red Offset Blue Offset Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved — 0000 dddd dddd dddd — — — — — — — — — — — — — dddd dddd dddd dddd — dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 000d dddd dddd 0000 000d dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd 0000 000d dddd dddd 0000 000d dddd dddd — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 14 Default Value Dec (Hex) 16 (0x0010) 40 (0x0028) 48 (0x0030) 32 (0x0020) 16 (0x0010) 20 (0x0014) 32772 (0x8004) 2 (0x0002) 32772 (0x8004) 2 (0x0002) 16 (0x0010) 16 (0x0010) 32 (0x0020) 7 (0x0007) 1820 (0x071C) 11539 (0x2D13) 21348 (0x5364) 8989 (0x231D) 32 (0x0020) 32 (0x0020) 0 (0x0000) 32 (0x0020) 32 (0x0020) 0 (0x0000) 16383 (0x3FFF) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 163 (0x00A3) 41476 (0xA204) 40966 (0xA006) 9738 (0x260A) 10252 (0x280C) 21005 (0x520D) 28756 (0x7054) 0 (0x0000) 40023 (0x9C57) 40450 (0x9E02) 40452 (0x9E04) 40454 (0x9E06) Note 3 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Register List and Default Values Table 5: Core Registers (Continued) *1 = always 1; 0 = always 0; d = programmable; ? = read only Register # Dec (Hex) Register Description Data Format (Binary)* R124(R0x7C) R125(R0x7D) R126(R0x7E) R127(R0x7F) R128(R0x80) R129(R0x81) R130(R0x82) R131(R0x83) R132(R0x84) R134(R0x86) R135(R0x87) R137(R0x89) R138(R0x8A) R139(R0x8B) R140(R0x8C) R144(R0x90) R145(R0x91) R146(R0x92) R241(R0xF1) R248(R0xF8) R250(R0xFA) R251(R0xFB) R252(R0xFC) R253(R0xFD) R255(R0xFF) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Chip Enable Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Chip Version [Dup] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0000 0000 0000 00dd — — — — ???? ???? ???? ???? Note: PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Default Value Dec (Hex) Note 40966 (0xA006) 21256 (0x5308) 12808 (0x3208) 31826 (0x7C52) 78 (0x004E) 19968 (0x4E00) 19458 (0x4C02) 18444 (0x480C) 18958 (0x4A0E) 11788 (0x2E0C) 0 (0x0000) 19458 (0x4C02) 0 (0x0000) 20234 (0x4F0A) 14858 (0x3A0A) 12 (0x000C) 0 (0x0000) 1 (0x0001) 0 (0x0000) 1 (0x0001) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 0 (0x0000) 5665 (0x1621) 1. It is recommended that bit 14 be cleared. 2. Value 0x8040 is recommended. 3. Value of 0x20 is recommended. 15 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Reg. # R0 R0x00 R1 R0x01 R2 R0x02 R3 R0x03 R4 R0x04 R5 R0x05 R6 R0x06 R7 R0x07 R7 R0x07 Core Registers Bits Default Name 15:0 0x1621 Chip Version (RO) Chip version. 15:0 0x0014 Row Start (RW) The first row to be read out, excluding any dark rows that may be read. To window the image down, set this register to the starting “Y” value. Setting a value less than 20 is not recommended because the dark rows should be read using R0x22. 15:0 0x0020 Column Start (RW) The first column to be read out, excluding dark columns that may be read. To window the image down, set this register to the starting X value. Setting a value below 96 is not recommended because readout of dark columns should be controlled by R0x22. 15:0 0x05FF Row Size (RW) Number of rows in the image to be read out, excluding any dark rows or border rows that may be read. The minimum supported value is 2. 15:0 0x07FF Column Size (RW) Number of columns in the image to be read out, excluding any dark columns or border columns that may be read. The minimum supported value is 17. 15:0 0x008E Horizontal Blanking (RW) Horizontal Blank—default = 0x008E (142 pixels). Minimum value = 0x0015 (21). 15:0 0x0019 Vertical Blanking (RW) Vertical Blank—default = 0x0019 (25 rows). Minimum value = 0x0003 (3). 15:0 0x0002 Output Control (RW) 15 0x0000 Reserved 14 0x0000 Reserved 13:9 X Reserved 8 0x0000 Reserved 7 X Reserved 6 0x0000 Override pixel data Override pixel data. 0 = normal operation. 1 = output programmed test data (see R0x32). First valid columns will output contents of test data register; second columns will output inverted data. Third columns will output noninverted data, fourth inverted, etc. 5:4 0x0000 Reserved 3 0x0000 Reserved 2 0x0000 Reserved 1 0x0001 Chip Enable Chip Enable. 1 = normal operation. 0 = sensor readout is stopped and analog control signals are put in a state which draws minimal power. 0 0x0000 Sync changes Synchronize changes. 0 = normal operation, update changes to registers that affect image brightness (integration time, shutter delay, gain, horizontal and vertical blank, window size, row/column skip, or row mirror) at the next frame boundary. 1 = do not update any changes to these settings until this bit is returned to “0.” This register controls various features of the output format for the sensor. PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 16 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Reg. # R8 R0x08 R9 R0x09 R10 R0x0A R11 R0x0B R12 R0x0C R13 R0x0D R30 R0x1E Core Registers (Continued) Bits Default Name 15:0 0x0000 Shutter Width Upper (RW) The most significant bits of the shutter width, which are combined with Shutter Width (R0x09). The total shutter width is therefore: (((Shutter_Width_Upper) x 65536) + Shutter_Width). This should allow a shutter width from about 50us to about 50s at default row time. 15:0 0x0619 Shutter Width (RW) Integration time in number of rows. The integration time is also influenced by the shutter delay (R0x0C) and the overhead time. 15:0 0x0000 Pixel Clock Control (RW) 15 0x0000 Invert Pixel CLock 14:11 X Reserved 10:8 0x0000 Shift pixel clock 7 X Reserved 6:0 0x0000 Divide pixel clock 15:0 0x0000 Frame Restart (RW) Setting bit 0 to “1” of R0x0B will cause the sensor to abandon the readout of the current frame and restart from the first row. This register automatically resets itself to 0x0000 after the frame restart. The first frame after this event is considered to be a "bad frame" (see description for R0x20, bit 0). 15:0 0x0000 Shutter Delay (RW) The amount of time from the end of the sampling sequence to the beginning of the pixel reset sequence. If the value in this register exceeds the row time, the reset of the row does not complete before the associated row is sampled, and the sensor does not generate an image. A programmed value of N reduces the integration time by (N/2) pixel clock periods in low power mode and by N pixel clock periods in full power mode. 15:0 0x0000 Reset (RW) Setting this bit will put the sensor into reset mode, which will set the sensor to its default power-up state. Clearing this bit will resume normal operation. 15:0 0xC040 Read Mode 1 (RW) 15 0x0001 Reserved 14 0x0001 Reserved 13 0x0000 Reserved 12 0x0000 Reserved 11 0x0000 Strobe override Strobe Override—default is 0 (strobe signal created by digital logic). 1 = override strobe signal (strobe signal is set high when this bit is set, low when this bit is set low. It is assumed that strobe enable is set to “0” if strobe override is being used). PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 17 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Core Registers (Continued) Reg. # R30 R0x1E R32 R0x20 R33 R0x21 Bits Default 10 0x0000 9 0x0000 8 0x0000 7 6 5:0 15:0 15 14 13 12 11 10 0x0000 0x0001 0x0000 0x2000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0001 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 9 0x0000 8:2 1 0 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 15:0 15:2 1 0x0000 X 0x0000 0 0x0000 PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Name Strobe width Strobe Width—default is 0 (strobe signal width at minimum length, one row of integration time, prior to Line_Valid going high). 1 = extend strobe width (strobe signal width extends to entire time all rows are integrating; shutter width must be >= row size + vertical blanking). Strobe enable Strobe Enable—default is 0 (no strobe signal). 1 = enable strobe (signal output from the sensor during the time all rows are integrating). See strobe width for more information. Snap Shot Mode Snapshot Mode—default is 0 (continuous mode). 1 = enable Snapshot trigger signal can come from outside signal (trigger pin 8 on the sensor) or from serial interface register restart, i.e. programming a “1” to bit 0 of R0x0B. Show dark columns Noise suppression Reserved Read Mode 2 (RW) Mirror row Mirror Column Reserved Reserved Read dark rows xor line_valid 1 = LINE_VALID = "Continuous" LINE_VALID XOR FRAME_VALID. 0 = LINE_VALID determined by bit 9 (default). Continuous line valid 1 = "Continuous" LINE_VALID (continue producing Line_Valid during vertical blanking). 0 = Normal Line_Valid (default, no Line_Valid during vertical blank). Reserved Reserved No bad frames No bad frames—1 = output all frames (including bad frames). 0 = default, only output good frames. A bad frame is defined as the first frame following a change to: window size or position, horizontal blanking, row or column skip, or mirroring. Read Mode 3 (RW) Reserved Use GSHT_CTL Use GSHT_CTL—default = 0x0000. When set, the leading edge of the GSHT_CTL pad signal will be used to start the shutter sequence in snapshot mode, and the trailing edge will start the read sequence. When clear, the leading edge of the TRIGGER pad signal will be used to initiate the shutter sequence, the trailing edge of GSHT_CTL will start the exposure, and the trailing edge of the TRIGGER pad signal will be used to start the strobe and readout. Ineffective unless Snapshot (R0x1E[8]) and Global Reset are set. Global Reset Global Reset—default = 0x0000—when set, snapshot mode will make use of the global reset — that is, the entire array will be released from reset simultaneously. Ineffective unless Snapshot (R0x1E[8]) is set. 18 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Core Registers (Continued) Reg. # Bits Default R34 R0x22 15:0 15 14:12 11 10:8 7 6:4 3 2:0 0x0000 X 0x0000 X 0x0000 X 0x0000 X 0x0000 R35 R0x23 15:0 15:11 10:8 7:6 5:4 0x0000 X 0x0000 X 0x0000 3 2:0 X 0x0000 15:0 15 14:8 0x0008 X 0x0000 7 6 X 0x0000 5:0 0x0008 15:0 15 14:8 0x0008 X 0x0000 7 6 X 0x0000 5:0 0x0008 R43 R0x02B R44 R0x2C PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN Name Row Address Mode (RW) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Row Skip Row Skip—the number of row-pairs to skip for every row read. For example, “0” means read every row pair. “1” is skip 2X; 2 is skip 3X, etc. If Row Bin is non-zero, this should be set to the interval between the first rows in each bin. For full binning, Row Skip equals Row Bin. Column Address Mode (RW) Reserved Reserved Reserved Column Bin, Column Bin—the number of columns to be addressed per column read out minus one. Zero will produce standard 1:1 read out. A value of “1” will produce Bin 2X; “2” would be Bin 3X. Note: Column start address value must be a multiple of R0x23 [5-4] + 1. Reserved Column Skip Column Skip—the number of column-pairs to skip for every pair read. Zero means read every column. “1” means skip one pair for every pair read (Skip 2X); 2 means skip 2 pairs for every pair read (Skip 3X) etc. Green1 Gain (RW) Reserved Digital Green1 Gain Green1 digital gain—default = 0x00 (0) = 1x gain. Reserved Double Green1 Gain Green1 analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. Green1 Gain Value Green1 analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. Blue Gain (RW) Reserved Digital Blue Gain Blue digital gain—default = 0x00 (0) = 1x gain. Reserved Double Blue Gain Blue analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. Blue Gain Value Blue analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 19 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Core Registers (Continued) Reg. # R45 R0x2D R46 R0x2E R50 R0x32 R53 R0x35 R73 R0x49 R75 R0x4B R93 R0x5D Bits Default 15:0 15 14:8 0x0008 X 0x0000 15:0 15 14:8 0x2D13 X 0x002D 7 6:0 X 0x0013 Name Red Gain (RW) Reserved Digital Red Gain Red digital gain—default = 0x00 (0) = 1x gain. 7 X Reserved 6 0x0000 Double Red Gain Red analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 5:0 0x0008 Red Gain Value Red analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 15:0 0x0008 Green2 Gain (RW) 15 X Reserved 14:8 0x0000 Digital Green2 Gain Green2 digital gain—default = 0x00 (0) = 1x gain. 7 X Reserved 6 0x0000 Double Green2 Gain Green2 analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 5:0 0x0008 Green2 Gain Value Green2 analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 15:0 0x0000 Test Data (RW) 11:2 0x0000 Test Data The data inserted into the data path to produce test pattern when "Use Test Data" (R0x07, bit 6) is set. Test Data will be inserted for even columns, and the inverse will be inserted for odd columns. 15:0 0x0008 Global Gain (RW) 15 X Reserved 14:8 0x0000 Digital Global Gain Global digital gain—default = 0x00 (0) = 1x gain. This register can be used to set all four gains at once. When read, it will return the value stored in R0x2B. 7 X Reserved 6 0x0000 Double Global Gain Global analog gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. 5:0 0x0008 Global Gain Value This register can be used to simultaneously set all four gains. When read, it returns the value stored in R0x2B. 15:0 0x00A8 Black Level (RW) Desired black level in image. 15:0 0x0028 Row Black Default Offset (RW) PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN BLC Delta Thresholds (RW) Reserved High Delta Threshold High Coarse Threshold—default = 0x2D. If the average black value for a color is higher than this value or lower than Low Coarse Threshold, the coarse mode will be activated (if enabled). Once the black level is between the High Coarse Threshold and the Low Coarse Threshold, the fine method will be used. This value should be set no lower than High Target Threshold. Reserved Low Delta Threshold Low Coarse Threshold—default = 0x13. This value should be less than Low Target Threshold. See High Coarse Threshold below. 20 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Reg. # R95 R0x5F R96 R0x60 R97 R0x61 R98 R0x62 R98 R0x62 Core Registers (Continued) Bits 15:0 15 14:8 Default Name Cal Thresholds (RW) Reserved High Target Upper threshold for targeted black level in ADC LSBs. 7 X Reserved 6:0 0x001D Low Target Lower threshold for targeted black level in ADC LSBs. 15:0 0x0020 Cal Green1 Offset (RW) Analog calibration offset for green1 pixels, represented as a two’s complement signed 8-bit value (if bit 8 is clear, the offset is positive and the magnitude is given by bits 7:0. If bit 8 is set, the offset is negative and the magnitude is given by not ([7:0]) + 1). If R0x60[0] = 0, this register is R/O and returns the current value computed by the black level calibration algorithm. If R0x60[0] = 1, this register is R/W and can be used to set the calibration offset manually. Green1 pixels share rows with red pixels. 15:0 0x0020 Cal Green2 Offset (RW) Analog calibration offset for green2 pixels, represented as a two’s complement signed 8-bit value (if bit 8 is clear, the offset is positive and the magnitude is given by bits 7:0. If bit 8 is set, the offset is negative and the magnitude is given by not ([7:0]) + 1.) If R0x60[0] = 0, this register is R/O and returns the current value computed by the black level calibration algorithm. If R0x60[0] = 1, this register is R/W and can be used to manually set the calibration offset. Green2 pixels share rows with blue pixels. 15:0 0x0000 Black Level Calibration (RW) 15 0x0000 Disable Fast Sample 14 0x0000 Lock Green Calibration Lock Green Calibration—when set, only one calibration value will be used for both Green1 and Green2 channels. Default is 0, set to “0” at all times. Note: Gain for Green1 and Green2 channels must be equal for setting to be effective. 13 0x0000 Lock Red/Blue Calibration Lock Red/Blue Calibration—when set, only one calibration value will be used for both red and blue channels. Default is 0, set to “0” at all times. Note: Gain for Red and Blue channels must be equal for setting to be effective. 12 0x0000 Recalculate BL Recalculate Black Level—1 = start a new running digitally filtered average for the black level (this is internally reset to “0” immediately), and do a rapid sweep to find the new starting point. 0 = normal operation (default). 11 0x0000 Disable Binary search 10:9 X Reserved 8 0x0000 Reserved 7 0x0000 Reserved 6:5 0x0000 Reserved 4:3 0x0000 Reserved 2 X Reserved 1 0x0000 Disable calib Force/disable black level calibration. 0 = Enable Offset Correction (default). 1 = disable Offset Correction Voltage (Offset Correction Voltage = 0.0V). 0 0x0000 Manual override Manual override of black level correction. 1 = override automatic black level correction with programmed values. 0 = normal operation (default). PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 0x231D X 0x0023 21 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Sensor Core Register Descriptions Table 6: Reg. # R99 R0x63 R100 R0x64 R248 R0xF8 R255 R0xFF Core Registers (Continued) Bits Default Name 15:0 0x0020 Red Offset (RW) Analog calibration offset for red pixels, represented as a two’s complement signed 8-bit value (if bit 8 is clear, the offset is positive and the magnitude is given by bits 7:0. If bit 8 is set, the offset is negative and the magnitude is given by not([7:0]) + 1). If R0x60[0] = 0, this register is R/O and returns the current value computed by the black level calibration algorithm. If R0x60[0] = 1, this register is R/W and can be used to manually set the calibration offset. 15:0 0x0020 Blue Offset (RW) Analog calibration offset for blue pixels, represented as a two’s complement signed 8-bit value (if bit 8 is clear, the offset is positive and the magnitude is given by bits 7:0. If bit 8 is set, the offset is negative and the magnitude is given by not ([7:0]) + 1). If R0x60[0] = 0, this register is R/O and returns the current value computed by the black level calibration algorithm. If R0x60[0] = 1, this register is R/W and can be used to set the calibration offset manually. 15:0 0x0001 Chip Enable (RW) 15:2 X Reserved 1 0x0000 Synchronize changes Mirrors the functionality of R0x07 bit 0 (Synchronize changes). 0 = normal operation, update changes to registers that affect image brightness (integration time, integration delay, gain, horizontal and vertical blank, window size, row/column skip, or row/ column mirror) at the next frame boundary. 1 = do not update any changes to these settings until this bit is returned to ”0.” 0 0x0001 CE Mirrors the functionality of R0x07 bit 1,(Chip Enable). 1 = normal operation. 0 = stop sensor read out. When this is returned to “1,” sensor read out restarts at the starting row in a new frame. 15:0 0x1621 Chip Version (RO) Chip version. PDF: 3682685119/Source: 9830567334 MT9T031_DS - Rev.E 5/11 EN 22 ©2006 Aptina Imaging Corporation. All rights reserved. MT9T031: 1/2-Inch 3-Mp Digital Image Sensor Feature Description Feature Description Window Control R0x01, R0x02, R0x03, and R0x04 These registers control the size of the window. Window Size The default programmed window size is 2,048 columns by 1,536 rows (2,048H x 1,536V). The control logic allows the flexibility to change the window size by programming R0x03 and R0x04. R0x03 controls the window height (number of rows) and R0x04 controls the window width (number of columns). The value to be programmed in R0x03 is the desired number of rows -1. The value to be programmed in R0x04 is the desired number of columns -1. The minimum value for R0x03 is 0x0001; for R0x04, 0x0001. Thus, the smallest window size is two columns by two rows (2H x 2V). The value of R0x03 and R0x04 must be an odd number (there can only be even number of columns). The user can program the window size to be any format desired. Table 7 shows examples of register settings to achieve various resolutions and frame rates. Table 7: Standard Resolutions Resolution 2,048 x 1,536 QXGA 1,600 x 1,200 UXGA 1,280 x 1,024 SXGA 1,024 x 768 XGA 800 x 600 SVGA 640 x 480 VGA Table 8: Frame Rate Column_Size (R0x04) Row_Size (R0x03) Shutter Width (R0x09) 12 fps 20 fps 27 fps 43 fps 65 fps 93 fps 2,047 1,599 1,279 1,023 799 639 1,535 1,199 1,023 767 599 479
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