Description
Please see attached.
Need 10-12 pages not including references or cover page. Follow Step 2 outline and use as headings within paper. Also, please do not speak in first person - do not use the terms I or We.
Paper should be in APA format, should included 5 or more peer reviewed/scholarly journals, and paper could also include government documents or websites.
The use of these two text are mandatory:
Bardach, Eugene (2000). A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis. (New York: Chatham House Seven Bridges Press, LLC).[ISBN: 1-889119-29-6]
Brownson, Ross C, Elizabeth A. Baker, Terry L. Leet, and Kathleen N. Gillespie. (2003). Evidence-Based Public Health (New York: Oxford University Press).[ISBN: 0-19-514376-0]
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Explanation & Answer
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Running head: HEALTH ISSUE AND POLICY
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Childhood obesity and overweight
Name
Institutional Affiliation
HEALTH ISSUE AND POLICY
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Problem statement
The issue of the childhood obesity is increasingly becoming a problem in many parts of
the U.S. Besides, the obese epidemics, and the associated diseases pose a serious threat to many
parts of the world as well. The greatest concern for most of the public health centers is the
alarming and the continued increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children.
For instance, overweight school-aged children have prevalence at 25% (Bruss, et al., 2010, p.99107).
The obesity among children has grown more than three times in the past 30years. The
school-aged children in the age brackets of six to eleven years increased to 19.8% in the year
2008 from 6.5% in the year 1980. Similarly, the prevalence of obesity among adolescents
increased to 18.1% from 5.0% as revealed in National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention
and Health Promotion (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion,
2008).
Obesity and overweight in childhood have both psychological and physical effects on
adverse long term and short term basis. For instance, young people who have the obese condition
are likely to suffer from the cardiovascular disease which includes high blood pressure or high
cholesterol. Besides, obese children are at greater risk to for sleep apnea, both bone and joint
problems, social and psychological problems such as poor self-esteem and stigmatization. More
so, obese youths are at a higher risk of becoming obese at the adult stage than the children who
are not obese. As such they will be subjected to problems associated with the adulthood obesity
like osteoarthritis, several types of cancer, heart disease, and Type II diabetes. For most of the
HEALTH ISSUE AND POLICY
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countries, children obesity and overweight results from the lack of physical activities and feeding
habits of the children.
Determination of obesity in children
The body weight of a child is regulated by different psychological mechanisms that take
place in the body of a child which involves regulation of the energy intake and expenditure for
the body (Mwaikambo, 2012). The use of BMI assists in the assessment of three factors;
overweight, underweight and the risk of becoming overweight. The percentage of fatness in the
skin and body tissues changes as they grow. Besides, the obesity between boys and girls differ as
they grow progressively. The BMI for children is usually specific to age and gender and is
reported with percentiles. The percentiles the healthcare professionals use cut-off values are
indicators or identifiers of overweight and underweight conditions among children. The measure
is important because it provides a reference tool for the growing children and adolescents that
can be used beyond puberty. Furthermore, laboratory measures of body fat compare well with
BMI values for age and gender (Brownson, 2003).
Data
The data used was obtained from longitudinal and cross-sectional studies that are utilized
in the examination of the prevalence of obesity among children and youths of up to 19 years of
age. In the research, the materials used were limited to resources not published later than 1980.
The focus of the research was the collection of the data reported by the printed materials on the
reported prevalence of obesity among children from weight for height or body mass index
(BMI). Also, the data was collected because it had trends such that it could allow comparison for
surveys based on similar populations at a later time (Bardach, 2000).
HEALTH ISSUE AND POLICY
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By the use a complex multistage probability des...