Welcome to SCI 201 Environmental Science Week 3 Review www.hrexaminer.com History The early 20th century was the era of Environmental ethics: preservation / conservation humanist / capitalist Disasters Later in the 20th century was the era of environmental problems History - Population Overpopulation has not been a problem because human populations were small www.globalchange.umich.edu History - Population Population by Thomas Malthus 1798 Malthus observed that sooner or later population gets checked by famine, disease and limited resources www.bbc.co.uk The Population Bomb by Paul Ehrlich 1968 predicted the human population could not continue to grow without outstripping its food supply en.wikipedia.org History Before 1920, no one had seen a doubling of world population within their lifetime Between 1920 and 1970, the population more than doubled in only 50 years In the late 20th century, population growth rates declined for an unprecedented reason: human choice Questions? Discussion Board! lol-rofl.com Population Ecology a population may grow, shrink, or remain stable Population Ecology how do populations grow? Population Ecology how do populations grow? births greater than deaths immigration higher than emigration Population Ecology how do populations shrink? Population Ecology why would population size remain stable? Population Ecology growth rate = ( # births + # immigrants - # deaths - # emigrants ) ÷ total original population Population Ecology You can predict the growth rate based on measurable characteristics of the population Population Ecology o o o o o o Population size Population density Population homogeneity Population’s sex ratio Age distribution Birth and death rates Population Ecology PROJECT QUESTION In-class Project: Age Structure rapid growth www.algebralab.org slow growth zero growth Population Ecology PROJECT QUESTION In-class Project: Age Structure www2.estrellamountain.edu Population Ecology biotic potential Species that devote their energy and resources to producing as many offspring as possible in a relatively short time – high biotic potential Population Ecology biotic potential Species that devote large amounts of energy and resources to caring for a few offspring – populations stabilize near their carrying capacity – low biotic potential Population Ecology PROJECT QUESTION In-class Project: Name some high biotic potential species Name some low biotic potential species Are humans high or low biotic potential? Population Ecology The largest number of individuals that an environment can support is called its carrying capacity Population Ecology Predators and Prey https://www.ahahah.eu/trucs/pp/ Questions? www.career.gatech.edu Biosphere That part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms can exist Biosphere http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2001_gbio/folder_structure/ec/m4/s1/assets/images/ecm4s1_1. Biosphere Biomes are contiguous areas on the Earth with similar climatic conditions Biosphere Species adapt to their specific biome Biosphere Survival of a species’ habitat or the species’ ability to adapt to changes in that habitat determines the survival of the species Biosphere Recent human activities have drastically altered these habitats Conservation and preservation of biomes can moderate the impact on species Questions? www.career.gatech.edu Biodiversity species diversity – the number or variety of species in the world or in a particular region Biodiversity subspecies – populations of a species that occur in different geographic areas and vary from one another in some characteristic Biodiversity genetic diversity – differences in DNA composition among individuals within species and populations Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION www.drze.de Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION news.bbc.co.uk Biodiversity diversity better enables the species to cope with environmental change through survival of the fittest Biodiversity “Biodiversity at all levels is being lost to human impact, irretrievably when species become extinct. Once vanished, a species can never return.” the old Environmental Science book Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION causes for extinction of subspecieso o o o o HIPPO: Habitat alteration Invasive species Pollution Population pressure from humans Overharvesting www.fanpop.com Biodiversity “The erosion of biological diversity on our planet threatens to result in an event of mass extinction equivalent to the mass extinctions of the geological past. Biodiversity “Human-induced habitat alteration, invasive species, pollution, and over-harvesting of biotic resources are the primary causes for the loss of biodiversity.” E. O. Wilson’s Law “If you save the living environment, then you save the physical environment. If you choose to save only the physical environment, you will ultimately lose both.” en.wikipedia.org Biodiversity Aldo Leopold “The first rule of the tinkerer is to never throw away parts.” www.news.wisc.edu Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Eric Chivian video What are some of the medical values of polar bears? Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Eric Chivian video Why are areas of low vertebrate diversity also areas that have a high incidence of Lyme Disease? Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Eric Chivian video What might have been the medical value of Gastric Brooding Frogs? Why can't the Gastric Brooding Frogs be studied? Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Eric Chivian video What are some differences in the environment at Harvard vs CTU Denver? Biodiversity http://science.discovery.com/creatures/10-extinct-species.htm Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Name some species that are extinct Critically Endangered Species On Mar. 21,2018 the world's last male northern white rhino, Sudan, died at 45 years of age Now, only two female northern white rhinos remain Critically Endangered Species Fewer than 2,500 black rhinos existed in 1995, a 98% drop compared to 1960 http://www.krugerpark.co.za/africa_black_rhino.html Critically Endangered Species There are only about 60 Amur leopards living at a nature park in Russia https://www.thisisinsider.com/endangered-animals-2018 Critically Endangered Species Orangutans there has been a 50% decline in the Bornean population There are only about 14,600 Sumatrans https://www.thisisinsider.com/endangered-animals-2018 Critically Endangered Species Hawskbill turtle populations have decreased by 80% over the last century even though they are protected under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species https://www.thisisinsider.com/endangered-animals-2018 Critically Endangered Species The South China tiger population is functionally extinct They are only found in captivity (about 100) https://www.thisisinsider.com/endangered-animals-2018 Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Name some species that are in danger of extinction Recovering Species The California Condor As of May 2013, the number of known condors was 435: 237 living in the wild and 198 in captivity https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/California-condor2.jpg Recovering Species Sea otters, once estimated at 150,000–300,000, were hunted extensively for their fur between 1741 and 1911, and the world population fell to 1,000–2,000 individuals https://www.nature.com/scitable/content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/13294100/malmstrom Recovering Species An international ban on hunting, conservation efforts, and reintroduction programs have led to the recovery of the sea otter It is considered an important success in marine conservation Recovering Species Mountain gorillas The population size (900) is low currently, but African Wildlife Foundation conservationists report it is increasing https://www.thisisinsider.com/endangered-animals-2018 Recovering Species Thanks to the Endangered Species Act! Thanks to: http://www.esasuccess.org/ Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species In the Rocky Mountain area: https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Recovering Species https://www.esasuccess.org/2016/index.html Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Name some species that have come back from the edge of extinction Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Species not presently in danger of extinction - which ones are surprising? alligator, crow, baboon, brown rat, Canada goose, common wood pigeon, cougar, common frog, orca, giraffe, house mouse, human, mallard, meerkat, mute swan, platypus, red-tailed hawk Biodiversity PROJECT QUESTION Guess the animal! You Survived! Don’t forget your Discussion Board due Friday and Research due next week! Have a great rest of the week! www.playbuzz.com Colorado Technical University Course: SCI201 – Environmental Science Instructor: Vikki French vfrench@coloradotech.edu TYPE YOUR NAME: Wk03 Assignments Discussion Board Topic 1 (10 points) Due Apr. 24, 2020 Zoomwork: Population Ecology and Biodiversity (15 points, 1/2 point each) Due Apr. 28, 2020 1) What growth pattern is to be expected in Mexico? 2) What growth pattern is to be expected in the United States? 3) Name some high biotic potential species: 4) Name some low biotic potential species: 5) Are humans a high or low biotic potential species? 6) Where on the globe are the highest areas of biodiversity for plants? 7) Where on the globe are the lowest areas of biodiversity for plants? 8) Where on land are the highest areas of biodiversity for animals? 9) Where on land are the lowest areas of biodiversity for animals? 10) Where in the ocean are the highest areas of biodiversity for animals? 11) Where in the ocean are the lowest areas of biodiversity for animals? 12) What does the acronym HIPPO stand for? 13) What is the biosphere? Discussion based on your research: (1 point each) 14) What are some of the medical values of polar bears? 15) Why are areas of low vertebrate diversity also areas that have a high incidence of Lyme Disease? 16) What might have been the medical value of Gastric Brooding Frogs? 17) Why can't the Gastric Brooding Frogs be studied? 18) List some differences in the environment at Harvard vs CTU Denver: Extinction (1/2 point each) 19) Name some species that are extinct: 20) Name some species that are in danger of extinction: 21) Name some species that have come back from the edge of extinction: 22) Mark any of these species not in danger of extinction that you thought probably were in danger: alligator crow baboon brown rat Canada goose common wood pigeon cougar common frog orca giraffe house mouse human mallard meerkat mute swan platypus red-tailed hawk Discussion Board Topic 2 (10 points) Discussion Board (2 Replies) (10 points) Research: Land Use (30 points) Due Apr. 24, 2020 Due Apr. 28, 2020 Due Apr. 28, 2020 1) Calculate your personal ecological footprint using the spreadsheet posted under Learning Materials on the Portal (4 points): Dustbowl Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKSvqTzgMrA 2) In what Colorado county is "the Dry"? (1 point) 3) Why could black people settle here? (1 point) 4) When did the Dust Bowl start? (1 point) 5) How long did it last? (1 point) 6) Why did it happen? (I want at least 4 details for 4 points): 7) Tell me about dust pneumonia: 8) Tell me about Black Sunday: 9) Where did the term "Dust Bowl" come from? 10) What is an "outmigration"? 11) Why did some people stay? 12) Tell me about the Soil Conservation Service: 13) Tell me about the new farming techniques that prevented a new Dust Bowl in the early 2000s (I want at least 4 details for 4 points): Go to the Portal GradeBook page Scroll down to the assignment "Xtra Stuff" (it will be 'way down at the bottom) Click on the Instructor's Feedback icon 14) My secret number is (1 point): 15) My animal is (1 point): 16) Do the research necessary to tell me about your secret animal (at least 4 details for 4 points): 17) Include the url(s) you used to answer this question (1 point for each url): Submit this document to the Portal Wk03 Homework Colorado Technical University Course: SCI201 – Environmental Science Instructor: Vikki French vfrench@coloradotech.edu TYPE YOUR NAME: Wk03 Assignments Discussion Board Topic 1 (10 points) Due Apr. 24, 2020 Zoomwork: Population Ecology and Biodiversity (15 points, 1/2 point each) Due Apr. 28, 2020 1) What growth pattern is to be expected in Mexico? 2) What growth pattern is to be expected in the United States? 3) Name some high biotic potential species: 4) Name some low biotic potential species: 5) Are humans a high or low biotic potential species? 6) Where on the globe are the highest areas of biodiversity for plants? 7) Where on the globe are the lowest areas of biodiversity for plants? 8) Where on land are the highest areas of biodiversity for animals? 9) Where on land are the lowest areas of biodiversity for animals? 10) Where in the ocean are the highest areas of biodiversity for animals? 11) Where in the ocean are the lowest areas of biodiversity for animals? 12) What does the acronym HIPPO stand for? 13) What is the biosphere? Discussion based on your research: (1 point each) 14) What are some of the medical values of polar bears? 15) Why are areas of low vertebrate diversity also areas that have a high incidence of Lyme Disease? 16) What might have been the medical value of Gastric Brooding Frogs? 17) Why can't the Gastric Brooding Frogs be studied? 18) List some differences in the environment at Harvard vs CTU Denver: Extinction (1/2 point each) 19) Name some species that are extinct: 20) Name some species that are in danger of extinction: 21) Name some species that have come back from the edge of extinction: 22) Mark any of these species not in danger of extinction that you thought probably were in danger: alligator crow baboon brown rat Canada goose common wood pigeon cougar common frog orca giraffe house mouse human mallard meerkat mute swan platypus red-tailed hawk Discussion Board Topic 2 (10 points) Discussion Board (2 Replies) (10 points) Research: Land Use (30 points) Due Apr. 24, 2020 Due Apr. 28, 2020 Due Apr. 28, 2020 1) Calculate your personal ecological footprint using the spreadsheet posted under Learning Materials on the Portal (4 points): Dustbowl Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKSvqTzgMrA 2) In what Colorado county is "the Dry"? (1 point) 3) Why could black people settle here? (1 point) 4) When did the Dust Bowl start? (1 point) 5) How long did it last? (1 point) 6) Why did it happen? (I want at least 4 details for 4 points): 7) Tell me about dust pneumonia: 8) Tell me about Black Sunday: 9) Where did the term "Dust Bowl" come from? 10) What is an "outmigration"? 11) Why did some people stay? 12) Tell me about the Soil Conservation Service: 13) Tell me about the new farming techniques that prevented a new Dust Bowl in the early 2000s (I want at least 4 details for 4 points): Go to the Portal GradeBook page Scroll down to the assignment "Xtra Stuff" (it will be 'way down at the bottom) Click on the Instructor's Feedback icon 14) My secret number is (1 point): 15) My animal is (1 point): 16) Do the research necessary to tell me about your secret animal (at least 4 details for 4 points): 17) Include the url(s) you used to answer this question (1 point for each url): Submit this document to the Portal Wk03 Homework
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