PART 1Jeremy Bentham (17th century) argued in The "Panopticon" that the perfect prison would be structured in a such a way that cells would be open to a central tower. In the model, individuals in the cells do not interact with each other and are constantly confronted by the panoptic tower (pan=all; optic=seeing). They cannot, however, see when there is a person in the tower; they must believe that they could be watched at any moment: "the inmate must never know whether he is being looked at any one moment; but he must be sure that he may always be so" ( https://www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/newhisto... ) Sociologists suggest that internalized oppression means that the system of inequality is working so well that oppressors need no longer work actively at oppressing because the oppressed are no longer working so hard at resisting.How might we apply these theories to our subject of race and ethnicity?PART 2Imagine you encounter a hypothetical Jack and Jill. Choose 2 of the 4 frames of colorblind racism (abstract liberalism,naturalization, minimization, or cultural racism)—and assign one frame to Jack and one to Jill. Write a hypothetical conversation where Jack and Jill are making racist statements in these 2 frames, and you are the “hero” character that will enter the scene and practice bystander antiracism. What will you say to each of them? Take great care to use your own words, while at the same time incorporate new knowledge you did not have before this class and these readings. You have just met two white people, Wanda and Wilma. According to this week’s reading definitions, one is a “friend” and one is an “ally.” How will you tell the difference? Describe specific behaviors that each engages in to reveal which one is which. Imagine you have just moved to a town where there are some major racial disparities, especially with respect to racial segregation of neighborhoods and environmental quality in the different neighborhoods (e.g., better water and air in white neighborhoods; toxic air/water in others). Top governmental officials made decisions to save money but are "not racist" and did not claim to know racial background of neighborhoods when planning. What are three concrete actions you would take as a private citizen, but also in working with others, to create racially progressive change? Use the course readings and materials as a guide.

Watch Lincoln's View of Slavery (Links to an external site.)   Read Dred Scott v. Sandford Decision (Links to an external site.)   Read Abraham Lincoln, "A House Divided Speech" (Links to an external site.)   Read The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (7th Debate, Part I) (Links to an external site.) Complete the following prompt: After reading Lincoln's "house divided speech," and the seventh Lincoln-Douglas debate (Alton, Illinois on October 15, 1858), explain Stephen Douglas' and Abraham Lincoln's positions on the following issues: Expansion of slavery; Popular sovereignty; Dred Scott decision;  Freeport Doctrine;  African American citizenship After you're finished discussing their views, I want YOU to elaborate what YOU found most surprising about the views held by Lincoln and Douglas. I want you to cite the page and paragraph number in parenthesis of each of your claims in the above questions.  For example:  Lincoln's position on slavery was XYZ (p 2. paragraph 3; p.8, paragraph