Erikson's _______________ stage is when children work on defining themselves as separate from the adults they have long depended upon.Question 1 options:a) autonomy vs. shameb) trust vs. mistrustc) industry vs. inferiorityd) initiative vs. guiltQuestion 2 (5 points)undefinedTwo children are fighting over the blue marker. According to constructivist discipline, what is the BEST approach for the teacher or caregiver in this situation?Question 2 options:a) Take the blue marker from both children and tell them to clean up their work, since they cannot get along.b) Stand back and see if the children can resolve the problem themselves. Intervene if necessary to guide them to developing their own solution to the problem.c) Put both children in time out and tell them that the blue marker is at your desk, and they can have it back if they come up with a solution to their disagreement.d) Give them a lecture about how to share. Make sure both understand that they are not behaving in a manner appropriate for school.Question 3 (5 points)undefinedErikson's __________ stage of development involves children's behaviors either mirroring their good feelings about themselves or negative feelings about themselves.Question 3 options:a) autonomy vs. shameb) initiative vs. guiltc) trust vs. mistrustd) industry vs. inferiorityQuestion 4 (5 points)undefinedAppropriate guidance and ___________ must be tied to developmental levels.Question 4 options:a) disciplineb) friendsc) choicesd) toysQuestion 5 (5 points)undefinedWalking, running, sitting, crawling, and other activities require:Question 5 options:a) dexterity.b) fine motor skills.c) small-muscle movements.d) gross motor skills.Question 6 (5 points)undefinedThe __________ system to discipline emphasizes praise, rewards, and punishments to mold behavior.Question 6 options:a) constructivistb) maturationistc) democraticd) behavioristQuestion 7 (5 points)undefinedTo help children feel they have some personal power over their world, it is important to offer them choices and to say, "___________" to them as seldom as possible.Question 7 options:a) nob) yesc) because I said sod) maybeQuestion 8 (5 points)undefinedIn a(n) ___________ classroom, children are MOST likely to develop high self-esteem, good social skills, and self-discipline.Question 8 options:a) permissiveb) constructivistc) authoritariand) maturationistQuestion 9 (5 points)undefined____________ strongly contributes to children's unique paths of emotional development.Question 9 options:a) Disciplineb) Physical activityc) Societyd) TemperamentQuestion 10 (5 points)undefinedWhich one of the following basic ideas is the foundation for the development of moral autonomy in children?Question 10 options:a) Mutual respect between adult and childb) Children in full obedience of adultsc) Giving children rewards for good behaviord) Solving children's arguments for themQuestion 11 (5 points)undefined_____________ discipline approaches help children quickly learn to negotiate solutions to problems, resolve their own conflicts, and self-direct their learning activity.Question 11 options:a) Constructivistb) Behavioristc) Permissived) AuthoritarianQuestion 12 (5 points)undefinedChildren's unique temperament and attachment experiences play a big role in their:Question 12 options:a) friend associations.b) emotional development.c) trust of teachers.d) environment.Question 13 (5 points)undefinedFor children to master prosocial behavior, this involves:Question 13 options:a) learning to successfully enter play.b) voluntary kindness and concern for others.c) willingness to work at perspective-taking.d) social competence.Question 14 (5 points)undefined__________ between children provide a caregiver teachable moments to help children learn to see other viewpoints.Question 14 options:a) Friendshipsb) Conflictsc) Sharingd) GamesQuestion 15 (5 points)undefinedMissing __________ skills are the single most common cause of discipline problems.Question 15 options:a) debateb) reasoningc) behaviorald) socialQuestion 16 (5 points)undefinedWhich approach is LEAST likely to be seen in schools?Question 16 options:a) Behavioristb) Authoritativec) Constructivistd) MaturationistQuestion 17 (5 points)undefinedEating all of the following EXCEPT too __________ can lead to a sugar crash, which can affect children's behavior in different ways, leading some to become impulsive, and others to become withdrawn or distracted.Question 17 options:a) much sugarb) little proteinc) much proteind) few complex carbohydratesQuestion 18 (5 points)undefinedPhysical movement increases __________ to the brain, helping children think well and focus better.Question 18 options:a) blood flowb) carbon dioxidec) vitamin Cd) antioxidantsQuestion 19 (5 points)undefinedThe coordination of small-muscle movements, usually involving the synchronization the eyes with hands and fingers is known as:Question 19 options:a) fine motor skills.b) large muscle movement.c) gross motor skills.d) uniformity.Question 20 (5 points)undefinedChildren will try out being a "big kid" during Erikson's _____________ stage of development.Question 20 options:a) trust vs. mistrustb) initiative vs. guiltc) autonomy vs. shamed) industry vs. inferiority