GED216 Rev. 11/2019 Unit Exam 4 Exam ID: b51c75e9-8374-4da6-b8ff-cf98a4bb021c 1. Between 2010, when the Affordable Care Act was passed, and early 2016, approximately how many previously uninsured people aged 19 to 25 gained health insurance? a. 600,000 b. 1 million c. 3 million d. 6 million 2. For economist Thomas Malthus, the only acceptable preventive check to curb the exponential growth in population was __________. a. the use of contraception b. moral restraint c. famine d. disease 3. According to sociologist Gideon Sjoberg, three preconditions must be present in order for a city to develop. Based on these prerequisites, Sjoberg places the first cities in the Middle Eastern region of __________. a. Egypt b. China c. Greece d. Mesopotamia 4. In the context of conflict perspectives on urban growth, cities may foster public patriarchy in the form of __________. a. gendered division of labor in the home b. women's increasing dependence on the government for income c. women's increasing emotional interdependence with men d. wives' reliance on their husbands' income 1 5. The __________ is also referred to as the military–industrial complex, which is the mutual interdependence of the military establishment and private military contractors. a. Copper Circle b. Triple Crown c. Iron Triangle d. Dual Alliance 6. There is a subjective component to how some conditions such as childhood hyperactivity, overeating, and alcoholism have come to be considered as diseases. This subjective process is called __________. a. blaming the victim b. social symbolism c. medicalization d. professionalization 7. In the context of mortality as a factor affecting population size, in 2015, the leading cause of death in the United States was __________. a. cancer b. chronic lung disease c. diabetes d. heart disease 8. According to Herbert Gans, there are five major categories of adaptation among urban dwellers. In this context, __________ are students, artists, writers, musicians, entertainers, and professionals who choose to live in the city because they want to be close to its cultural facilities. a. the deprived b. the trapped c. cosmopolites d. ethnic villagers 9. According to Max Weber, the term __________ refers to power legitimized by law or written rules and regulations. a. charismatic authority b. traditional authority c. coercive authority 2 d. rational–legal authority 10. A significant contribution of Marx and Engels to the study of demography is the suggestion that __________. a. poverty, not overpopulation, is the central issue relating to food supply in a capitalist economy b. population grows exponentially but food supply grows arithmetically, thereby creating a doubling effect c. population explosion would eventually be checked by mortality risks, such as natural and manmade disasters d. the greatest crisis today facing low-income nations is food shortage, not capital shortage 11. In the context of the ecological processes involved in the concentric zone theory, __________ refers to the process by which a new category of people or type of land use arrives in an area previously occupied by another group or type of land use. a. invasion b. degrowth c. unionism d. diffusion 12. The primary cause of world population growth in recent years has been __________. a. a decline in mortality b. a decline in the fertility levels of women c. a decline in the crude birth rate of countries d. a decline in immigration 13. __________ are most likely to be concerned with unequal access to health care, power relationships in the health care system, and the role of profit in the health care system. a. Conflict theorists b. Symbolic interactionist theorists c. Functionalist theorists d. Postmodernist theorists 14. Cigarette smoking is an example of __________. a. therapeutic drug use b. chronic drug use 3 c. acute drug use d. recreational drug use 15. __________ is the movement of people into a geographic area to take up residency, whereas __________ is the movement of people out of a geographic area to take up residency elsewhere. a. Emigration; repatriation b. Retrenchment; repatriation c. Immigration; emigration d. Repatriation; immigration 16. When some of the single-family residences in an area are sold and turned into apartments, the remaining single-family owners often move out because the "old" neighborhood has changed. As a result, the other residences are also often converted into apartments, and this type of land use then becomes predominant in the area. This is an example of __________. a. gentrification b. urbanism c. degrowth d. succession 17. A graphic depiction of the distribution of a population by age and sex is called a(n) __________. a. population density graph b. socio-ecological snapshot c. population pyramid d. actuarial graph 18. In the context of authoritarianism, military juntas ______. a. are political entities in which people indirectly rule themselves b. are pure dictatorships that exist without the support of the armed forces c. result when armed officers seize power from the government d. result when power is gained and held by a single individual 19. In the context of social movements, sociologists have identified at least three ways in which grievances are framed. __________ pinpoints possible solutions or remedies based on a previously identified target for the actions of the social movement. a. Diagnostic framing 4 b. Prognostic framing c. Motivational framing d. Behavioral framing 20. Sharawood is a village that has not yet been industrialized. Most residents of this village work as farmers in one of the various agricultural fields in and around the village. The primary means of food and income for the villagers is agriculture because migration to cities is difficult. The village also has housing problems. However, despite these issues, the villagers live together in harmony and share a sense of community that is based on their personal bonds of friendship. In this context, sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies would MOST likely describe Sharawood as __________. a. Gemeinschaft b. oligarchic c. Gesellschaft d. authoritarian 21. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5), __________ include psychological problems that present themselves as symptoms of physical disease. a. somatic symptom and related disorders b. obsessive-compulsive and related disorders c. dissociative disorders d. anxiety disorders 22. Which of the following terms is defined as the practice of rapidly discharging patients from mental hospitals into the community? a. rehabilitation b. deinstitutionalization c. repatriation d. decriminalization 23. The __________ has been described as the catalyst of modern medical education. a. Coleman report b. Landsteiner report c. Ford Foundation report d. Flexner report 24. Applying convergence theory in his study of a lynch mob, social psychologist Hadley Cantril found 5 that __________. a. the participants came from widely divergent backgrounds b. the participants shared traits that made them susceptible to joining a lynch mob even when they did not know the target of the lynching c. the participants displayed behavior that was highly unpredictable even to those who shared similar emotions and beliefs as them d. the participants knew, and did not like, the target of the lynching 25. British kings and queens have historically traced their authority from God. Max Weber called this type of authority __________. a. coercive authority b. rational–legal authority c. charismatic authority d. traditional authority 6 
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