You have been keeping up with the impact of the opioid crisis not just on the users, but on those around them as well.Children are the most vulnerable victims of this crisis. You need to get the rest of the staff in your office up to speed on the effects of the opioid crisis on children.In your newsletter:Select a state and describe the effects of the opioid crisis on children.Determine the ways in which the opioid crisis affects these children. Include the short- and long-term effects on society.Describe how the crisis impacts children nationally. Compare this to the global opioid crisis.Analyze the global consequences of the opioid crisis on children.Connect the information learned to Anytown, and discuss the ways public health officials can help.

Individual Rights & Vaccination Policy School board trustees are requesting public comment before they vote on a vaccination policy for all children in a local school district. Should individual rights (e.g., parents’ rights to decide whether to vaccinate their children) be compromised to control the spread of communicable diseases for the good of society? Submission Instructions: Your initial post should be at least 600 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.   You should respond to at least two peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts.   All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible. Each response should be 150 words plus the reference. Materials to use: Mauer, F.A. & Smith, C. M. (2013). Chapters 7-9 & 30 Watch The Healthcare System of the United States (7:35) Healthcare Triage. (2014, February 17). The healthcare system of the United States [Video]. The Healthcare System of the United States (Links to an external site.) Online Materials & Resources Explore your state’s Department of Community Health (Links to an external site.) website. Explore your county/community’s Health Department website. You can find them on the website above.  POST  hi, here are the documents for the peer responses. I need to submit it in 24 hrs. thank you.response 1 negron: This has been a major worry in liberal democracies, and it remains an unsolvable puzzle between parents and government officials. Parents have the right to raise their children according to their own religious or personal convictions. The government can only pass laws prohibiting vaccine refusal based on the risk factor, but it can never force vaccination refusal on parents. It is appropriate to allow youngsters who have not been vaccinated to attend school. It is a danger to the other children, yet they all have the same right to attend school. This is due to the fact that not all parents and children support vaccination.Every child in the world has the right to vaccinations. This is because there are numerous diseases that cause significant morbidity and mortality. There are a few religious sects and groups who do not believe in modern medicine (Troeger, 2018). Some of them hold such extremist views that they refuse to take their sick children to the hospital.The government has the responsibility of ensuring that every child receives all vaccines according to their schedule. This should be backed up with a policy that demands immunization before entering school.Enforcing vaccination will ensure that most children have the necessary vaccinations to attend school. Leaving vaccine decisions to parents, on the other hand, may result in a percentage of children not being vaccinated due to their parents' views on vaccines. The government should also make certain that there are laws in place to hold guardians accountable.Individuals from various socioeconomic levels have differing views on whether or not schoolchildren should be vaccinated.Parents that refuse to vaccinate their children do so to defend their position, which they believe is in their children's best interests. Parents' views, on the other hand, differ or are influenced by their social ideas, with some believing that vaccines will not assist or will hurt their children. Some parents believe that they would be better off enjoying herd immunity and not exposing their children to the dangers of free-riding (Giubilini et al., 2018). Furthermore, some people resist to vaccination for non-medical reasons, which could be justified by conspiracy theories.  Because various people have different religions and ideas, it is sometimes necessary to oppose immunization programs.Vaccines are quite successful at preventing the spread of any disease, but they are especially effective against infectious diseases like polio, smallpox, and other diseases of this nature. The government should not meddle or adopt vaccination regulations that jeopardize the rights of parents, and immunization or vaccination should not be mandatory.People will believe they are being bullied and, on the other side, that they are not being listened to, and this will lead to violence between the government and some of its population.Making respectful communication with individuals, listening to them, and providing valuable, trustworthy, and acute information is an effective strategy for improving the vaccination process among school children (Giubilini et al., 2018). Attempting to coerce people to vaccinate their children is a bad idea that will eventually lead to negative consequences, making things worse.At the very least, the government should persuade parents that vaccination is the greatest and safest way to protect children from dangerous diseases. This can be accomplished by informing schoolchildren and their guardians about the benefits of vaccinations. They should also be taught on the operation of immunizations.ReferencesTroeger, C., Khalil, I. A., Rao, P. C., Cao, S., Blacker, B. F., Ahmed, T., ... & Reiner, R. C. (2018). Rotavirus vaccination and the global burden of rotavirus diarrhea among children younger than 5 years. JAMA pediatrics, 172(10), 958-965.Giubilini, A., Douglas, T., & Savulescu, J. (2018). The moral obligation to be vaccinated: utilitarianism, contractualism, and collective easy rescue. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 21(4), 547-560.peer response 2: Christian, Vaccinations have long been a source of debate within the United States and arguably across the world.  However, “vaccinations have been the most successful public health interventions of all time” (Barraza, Reeves, & Campos-Outcalt, 2020). The debate of individual rights versus the protection of the community at large has long been an argument within the US.  As stated in our text, governments and public health officials have struggled with the problem of balancing individual rights with the right of the community to be protected from infectious disease. Regardless of our individual opinion about whether to vaccinate or not, the role of the community health nurse forces us to weigh the benefits and disadvantages of mandated vaccination for all community members versus allowing an individual to decide for themselves.      Throughout US history, “the right of the public to be protected may take precedence over an individual's right to refuse treatment” (Maurer & Smith, 2013).  For example, in the early 20th century, the first widespread mandatory vaccination  program was started to control the spread of typhoid. At present, there are mandatory vaccination policies in place that are intended to curb the potential spread of infectious disease such as measles.  As recently as 2019, the United States experienced a record number of confirmed measles cases, then it had seen in the prior 25 years.  This increase in cases is likely due to a refusal parents to have their children vaccinated (Barraza, Reeves, & Campos-Outcalt, 2020).     I believe that individual rights have to be compromised to control the spread of communicable disease for the good of the entire community.  While I agree that we should all have the right to decide, based on circumstances, whether or not vaccination is necessary, the community as a whole have rights too.  They have the right to not knowingly be exposed to infectious disease, if there are mechanisms in place to minimize or eliminate the exposure.  Since it is widely believed that vaccinations are “the most effective primary prevention method for controlling communicable diseases in populations”, I am in favor of mandatory vaccinations which removes the rights of parents to make the decision.  “The freedom of parents as to how to raise their children should not result in avoidable risk of death” (Pierik, 2018) of other community members.  While I recognize that parents should be allowed to determine medical decisions for their own children, because of the amount of evidenced based research supporting the use of vaccines, the potential for widespread outbreaks, serious illness, or even death of the most vulnerable segments of the greater population makes that a public health issue.References     Barraza L., Reeves C., Campos-Outcalt, D. (2020). Outcome of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on School Vaccination Policies for 2020-2021. JAMA Health Forum,1(8):e201018. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.1018     Maurer, F.A. & Smith, C. M. (2013). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for families and populations (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN:9781455707621     Pierik, R. (2018), Mandatory Vaccination: An Unqualified Defence. J Appl Philos, 35: 381-398. https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12215

Construct a letter to a new patient explaining procedures for the initial visit and requesting insurance information, using complete and spell-checked sentences.Create an Excel spreadsheet and compare and contrast the alphabetic and numeric filing systems. Use the following as headings in your spreadsheet: Similarities, Differences, Advantages, and Disadvantages.