Assessment 2 – Hypothesis Testing for Differences Between Groups Overview Perform hypothesis testing on the differences between two groups and create an Excel document. Write a 2–3-page analysis of the results in a Word document and insert the results into this document. Note: You are strongly encouraged to complete the assessments in this course in the order they are presented. Hypothesis testing is a foundational statistical technique used to make decisions about a hypothesis. A hypothesis test compares two mutually exclusive statements (null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis) where only one is true. Hypothesis testing can determine statistical significance by examining the probability that a given result would occur under the null hypothesis. For this assessment, you will perform hypothesis testing on the differences between two groups. By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria: Competency 1: Plan for data collection, measurement, and analysis.Generate a hypothesis about the difference between two groups in a dataset.Identify the appropriate statistical test in a dataset.Competency 2: Analyze data using computer-based programming and software.Performs appropriate statistical test of the difference between two groups in a dataset.Competency 3: Interpret results of data analysis for value-based health care decisions, policy, or practice.Interpret the results of a data analysis and state whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis based on the p-value and an alpha of .05.Write a narrative summary of the results that includes practical, administration-related implications of the hypothesis test.Competency 5: Communicate audience-appropriate health management content in a logically structured and concise manner, writing clearly with correct use of grammar, punctuation, spelling, and APA style.Write clearly and concisely, using correct grammar, mechanics, and APA formatting. Resources Statistical Significance Frey, B. B. (Ed.). (2018). Significance. In The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (Vols. 1–4). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Gallo, A. (2016, February 16). A refresher on statistical significance. Harvard Business Review Digital Articles, 2–9.Simpson, S. H. (2015). Creating a data analysis plan: What to consider when choosing statistics for a study. Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 68(4), 311–317. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC45522... Hypothesis Testing Frey, B. B. (Ed.). (2018). Hypothesis testing. In The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (Vols. 1–4). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Hypothesis Tester.Real Statistics Using Excel. (n.d.). Null and alternative hypothesis. Retrieved from http://www.real-statistics.com/hypothesis-testing/...Elliott. E. C. (n.d.). Understanding statistical hypothesis testing. Retrieved from https://www.stattutorials.com/understanding-hypoth...Gonzalez-Chica, D. A., Bastos, J. L., Duquia, R. P., Bonamigo, R. R., & Martínez-Mesa, J. (2015). Test of association: Which one is the most appropriate for my study? Anais brasileiros de dermatología, 90(4), 523–528. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC45605...Quantitative Skills Center: Interpreting Statistical Data. p Value Frey, B. B. (Ed.). (2018). p value. In The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (Vols. 1–4). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Elliott, E. C. (n.d.). Interpreting statistical p-values. Retrieved from https://www.stattutorials.com/p-value-interpreting... Interpreting Results Evaluation of Analytic Results.Interpreting Results of Inferential Techniques.Matching Statistical Tests to Hypotheses. Significance Tests Orr-Depner, R. (n.d.). Learning about 2-sample t-tests with Guitar Hero | Transcript. Retrieved from https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/learning-about-2-...Scheer, A. (n.d.). The basics of significance tests | Transcript. Retrieved from https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/sec-91-the-basics...StatisticsLectures.com. (n.d.). Statistical vs practical significance. Retrieved from http://www.statisticslectures.com/topics/statistic...Tutorials for Statistical Data Analysis. (n.d.). Two sample (independent group) t-test using Mcrosoft Excel. Retrieved from https://www.stattutorials.com/EXCEL/EXCEL_TTEST1.h... Textbook Kros, J. F., & Rosenthal, D. A. (2016). Statistics for health care management and administration: Working with Excel (3rd. ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Available in the courseroom via the VitalSource Bookshelf link. Preparation Download the Assessment 2 Dataset [XLSX]. The dataset contains the following variables: clinic1 (total number of visits per month for clinic 1) .clinic2 (total number of visits per month for clinic 2). Instructions An investor needs to make a decision on whether to acquire one of two medical clinics based on their productivity, as measured by the total number of visits per month. You have been asked whether there is a significance difference in the total number of visits per month between clinic 1 and clinic 2. For this assessment, perform hypothesis testing on the differences between two groups in the Assessment 2 Dataset. Create an appropriately labeled Excel document with your results. Also write an analysis of the results in a Word document. Insert the test results into this document (copied from the output file and pasted into a Word document). Refer to Copy From Excel to Another Office Program for instructions. Submit both the Word document and the Excel file that shows the results. Grading Criteria The numbered assessment instructions outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Hypothesis Testing for Differences Between Groups Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. You may also want to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. Generate a hypothesis about the difference between two groups in a dataset.State null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis as an explanation and math equation.Identify the appropriate statistical test in a dataset.Provide your statistical rationale.Perform appropriate statistical test of the difference between two groups in a dataset.Interpret the results of a data analysis and state whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis based on the p-value and an alpha of .05.Interpret p-value and statistical significance.Write a narrative summary of the results that includes practical, administration-related implications of the hypothesis test. Additional Requirements Your assessment should meet the following requirements: Written communication: Write clearly, accurately, and professionally, incorporating sources appropriately.Length: 2–3 pagesResources: Not required.APA format: Cite your sources using current APA format.Font and font size: Times Roman, 10 point.

Imagine if you were offered a job in a different state and a major consideration for you is rent prices (assuming you planned to rent instead of buy). Your main concerns are the affordability in relation to your income and the location/condition of the property. Perhaps you would look for the cheapest rent possible within a quiet, residential community. Or, you might be willing to spend at little more than average to live in the heart of downtown. As you research the city, you learn that the mean for rents of your preferred home size are $1,300 a month. Many people might base their decision on this number alone, but you—equipped with the knowledge of standard deviation—know there is more to that number.If the most you could afford is $1,100 a month in rent, then a standard deviation of $250 might be good news because the amount you can afford is still within 1 deviation of the mean. With a standard deviation of $75, however, you might be unwilling to make the sacrifices necessary to rent a place that you could afford. Additionally, if you were willing to spend a little more than average to live in a nice place or area, then you could easily find an amazing place with a standard deviation of $100 but might not be able to afford the upgrade with a standard deviation of $300.In this Discussion, you will use the data that you gathered in the Week 1 Discussion to calculate a standard deviation and explain how this concept can affect decision making.To prepare for this Discussion:Review this week’s Learning Resources.Locate the data that you gathered for the Week 1 Discussion.Calculate the sample standard deviation from your cigarette price data in Week 1. Use that (and your sample average and sample size) to calculate the following (assuming a normal distribution):Within what range would you find 90% of cigarette prices in your area?What are the chances that someone in your area would pay 4 dollars or less per pack?What are the chances that someone in your area would pay 10 dollars or less per pack?Review the Academic Writing Expectations for 2000/3000-Level Courses, provided in this week’s Learning Resources.BY DAY 3Post a 150- to 225-word (2- to 3-paragraph) explanation of how probability distributions affect management decisions. In your explanation, address the following:Provide your results of the following:Your calculations for your standard deviationThe range within which 90% of the prices of cigarettes in your area fallsThe chances of anyone paying less than 4 dollars for a pack of cigarettesThe chances of anyone paying more than 10 dollars for a pack of cigarettesDescribe what implications this concept has for management decision making.Explain how you might use information like this in your current work.To support your response, be sure to reference at least one properly cited scholarly source.Refer to the Week 3 Discussion Rubric for specific grading elements and criteria. Your Instructor will use this grading rubric to assess your work.Read some of your colleagues’ postings.BY DAY 5Respond with at least 75 words (1 paragraph) each to two or more of your colleagues’ postings by doing one of the following:Compare your results with your colleague’s results. If his or her results were very similar, combine your data and recalculate to get an estimate based on a larger sample. Explain what advantage this might have.Explain whether you agree or agree with your colleague’s ideas around statistics and management decisions. Did your peer miss any important points or raise any points you had not considered?