Officer Williams is an officer with the Richmond police department and has been with the department for five years. He received information that a citizen living in the local housing project was selling drugs. This information was conveyed to Officer Williams by an anonymous caller to the officer on his personal cell phone. Officer Williams immediately went to the housing project and stopped the citizen as he was leaving his apartment. Officer Williams searched the citizen and found drugs.Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment.Write a 1- to 2-page paper in which you:Identify the constitutional amendment that would govern Officer Williams' actions. In your own opinion, discuss if you support his actions or not. Justify your answer using the appropriate case law and Supreme Court precedents.Analyze the validity and constitutionality of Officer Williams' actions.Determine whether or not Officer Williams' actions were justified by any of the three (3) ways whereby probable cause can be established. Provide a rationale for your response.Use at least two quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other similar websites do not qualify as academic resources.

At this point, you have conducted semi-structured interviews and have a wealth of “unmanaged” data. This week’s Assignment will give you foundational practice in making sense of that data through coding and theme analysis. You will discover repeating ideas by grouping related passages of text together (coding) and will record the repeating ideas into larger groups that express a common theme.To prepare for this Assignment, review the Transcript and Coding Template document provided in this week’s Required Readings and consider again the transcription of your interviews that you submitted in Week 4.By Day 7Submit a completed coding and theme analysis for each interview based on the template provided in this week’s Learning Resources. Your analysis should include the following:Your research question for these interviewsA list of the codes you developed from your interview transcriptsA description of your thinking or working process, explaining how you developed your codes, including any evolution of your coding systemIn-text coding for your interviews (This means that you are to select and identify chunks of data [codes]. Then create a list of themes and their descriptions developed from the codes. Keep your interview transcripts intact, and show where you have applied the codes to the text.)Note: Be sure to use the Transcript and Coding Template to complete this Assignment. Also, refer to the Week 5 Assignment Rubric for specific grading elements and criteria. Your Instructor will use this rubric to assess your work.Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Chapter 5, “Analyzing Case Study Evidence: How to Start Your Analysis, Your Analytic Choices, and How They Work” (pp. 133–170)Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2015). Research methods for business students (7th ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Unlimited.Chapter 5, “Grounded Theory” in Section 5.5 (pp. 193–194)Chapter 13, Section 13.6, “Thematic Analysis” (pp. 579–587)

Risk Breakdown Structure for an International Training Facility ProjectIdentifying and managing project risks are critical tasks for project managers. From a project management perspective, risks must be managed from the start of a project until its completion; therefore, a Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) is an important tool that project managers use to successfully complete projects. Assume that you are a project manager who is to manage a project to set up a training facility in China to teach project management classes. This project is to be completed within a two- month period, starting from today.1. Identify the risks in the form of "cause-risk-effect," as described below:One of the most common risk-identification mistakes is considering things to be risks when they are not. One approach is to treat anything with a probability of greater than 80 percent as a certainty. "Lack of resources" is not a risk, nor is "not enough time to complete the project." If it is known that the length of time required to complete a project is shorter than the time allocated, then this is not a risk—it's a fact. Such facts should be addressed in the project management plan through crashing, fast tracking, re-estimating, removing scope, using other forms of schedule compression, and bringing the situation to management, but not as part of risk management."To differentiate risks from facts and to adequately define risks, use the ‘cause-risk- effect' format for naming risks: As a result of (definitive cause), (uncertain event) may occur, which would/could/may lead to (effect). Such definition of risks provides enough information for the team to follow the rest of the project management process. See the following examples of risks in the cause-risk-effect format:As a result of lack of clear direction for the scope of work for the XYZ component, there could be rework and wasted efforts, which could delay the project completion from two to four weeks.As a result of the amount of work the customer is trying to accomplish on many projects during this project's completion, a delay in the response to our requests for approvals may occur, which could result in a two-week delay in project completion. Effects could relate to project objectives, project constraints, and risk tolerances." (Mulcahy, 2003, p. 90)2. Discuss and analyze the importance of each of the four types of risk identified in Figure 11-4 (technical, management, commercial, and external).3. Create a risk breakdown structure and attach as an appendix (see attached sample and use the blank RBS linked under this assignment in Module 2).4. Discuss the importance of creating an RBS.RBS LEVEL 0RBS LEVEL 1RBS LEVEL 20. ALL SOURCES OFPROJECT RISK1. TECHNICAL RISK1.1 Scope definition1.2 Requirements definition1.3 Estimates, assumptions, and constraints1.4 Technical processes1.5 Technology1.6 Technical interfacesEtc.2. MANAGEMENT RISK2.1 Project management2.2 Program/portfolio management2.3 Operations management2.4 Organization2.5 Resourcing2.6 CommunicationEtc.3. COMMERCIAL RISK3.1 Contractual terms and conditions3.2 Internal procurement3.3 Supplies and vendors3.4 Subcontracts3.5 Client/customer stability3.6 Partnerships and joint venturesEtc.4. EXTERNAL RISK4.1 Legislation4.2 Exchange rates4.3 Site/facilities4.4 Environmental/weather4.5 Competition4.6 RegulatoryEtc.(Source: PMBOK, 2017, Figure 11-4)5. Reach out to at least one other student and discuss your findings about project risk management, based on your review of the case study, to gain greater insight into the main considerations in managing projects. Include the name(s) of the other student(s) with whom you collaborated, and specify the value added by your collaboration with your classmate(s) and what new insights you gained. (Your collaborating colleague(s) do not need to choose the same Critical Thinking option as you do.)Your well-written paper should meet the following requirements:Be 3-4 pages (900-1200 words) in length, not including the cover page, references page, or appendix. (Remember that the appendix follows the references page.)Be formatted according to the CSU Global Writing Center (Links to an external site.).Cite a minimum of three sources to support your responses, two of which should be current academic, peer-reviewed, scholarly sources. Note: Current research in this class means the most recent five-year period. Although research older than five years may be used, it will not count toward the assignment requirement. The CSU Global Library is a great place to find these resources. Additionally, in the Module 1 lecture material, you were reminded of what constitutes academic, peer-reviewed, scholarly sources and how to find them in the CSU Global Library.Demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts that are presented in the course, and provide new thoughts and insights related directly to this topic.Refer to the Critical Thinking Assignment grading rubric below for more information on assignment expectations and grading.ReferencesMulcahy, R. (2003). Risk management: Tricks of the trade for project managers: A course in a book. Minneapolis, MN: RMC Pub.Project Management Institute. (2017). A guide to the project management body of knowledge: (PMBOK® guide) (6th ed.). Newtown Square, PA, USA: Project Management Institute.