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Literature Review
Gabrielle Earle
South University
MCJ6985 Applied Professional Project
Professor Sever
Date

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Literature Review
According to a 2018 report by the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) on crime in the
United States under the Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the national prevalence of violent
crimes in 2018 was 368.9 for every 100,000 US residents (FBI, n.d.). This was a 3.9% and
14.6% decline from the 2017 and 2009 estimates respectively. The FBI lists violent, otherwise
called forceful crimes in a hierarchy, starting from the most grievous: murder, rape, robbery, and
aggravated assault (FBI, n.d.). Based on this data, 24/7 Wall Street reported 24 states as
recording a higher rate of violent crimes than the national average, with the most dangerous state
being Alaska with 885 incidents per 100, 000 people (Stebbins, 2018). Alaska was followed by
New Mexico with an estimated 856.6 violent crimes per 100,000 inhabitants, Tennessee (623.7
per 100,000 people), Arkansas (543.6 per 100,000 people), Nevada (541.1 per 100,000 people),
Louisiana (537.5 per 100000 people), Alabama (519.6 per 100,000 people), Missouri (502.1 per
100, 000 people), South Carolina (488.3 per 100,000 people) (Stebbins, 2018). Concluding the
top ten states was Arizona with 474.9 violent crimes for every 100, 000 people (Stebbins, 2018).
The five safest states in the country in terms of violent crimes were Maine (112.1 per 100,000
people), Vermont (172 per 100,000 people), New Hampshire (173.2 per 100,000 people),
Virginia (200 per 100,000 people), and Connecticut with 207.4 violent crimes for every 100,000
residents (Stebbins, 2018).
One of the violent crimes that have seen an unprecedented increase in the twenty-first
century is mass public shootings. Acco...