GEN 499 Ashford University Wk 4 Climate Change Education and Awareness Paper

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GEN 499

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Purpose: The primary goal of this weekly assignment is to enable you to understand the revision process and revise your paper with the help of a writing specialist.

Prepare:

Step 1: Prepare a shortened version of your Final Paper (at least four pages) by including the following:

  • Introduction paragraph and thesis statement you developed for your Week 3 Assignment.
  • Background information of the global societal issue you have chosen.
  • Brief argument supporting at least two solutions to the global societal issue.
  • Conclusion paragraph.
  • Must document any information used from at least five scholarly sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s Citing Within Your Paper (Links to an external site.) Note that you will need at least eight scholarly sources for your Final Paper in Week 5.

I ATTACHED THE WEEK 3 ASSIGNMENT

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Running Head: GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE Global Societal Issue Ricky Marlow GEN 499 Professor Mayhew August 27, 2020 1 GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 2 Global Societal Issue Did you notice a change in weather today? If not, you have heard or experienced violent storms across the coastal towns in the U.S. and across the world. What about the hurricanes we see in movies? They are now in our midst because climate change is real and destructive. There is little or no hope as the United Nations Environmental Program predicts that if the global temperature continues, millions of species and some countries bordering the oceans and seas will disappear (2020). The prediction is happening quicker than expected because countries like Indonesia, Tuvalu, and Kiribati are gradually being covered by water. Extensive research is required to identify the extent to which climate change is impacting life and strategies for mitigating the acceleration of this problem. It is a significant ethical issue that pushes people to confront numerous questions on environmental stewardship and sustainability issues as moral agents. Climate change has drastic impacts that need collective mitigation measures. Tol, J.S. R. (2018). The economic impacts of climate change. Review of Environmental Economic and Policy, 12(1). Tol reviews the economic significance of climate change and the implications of results (2018). The author based his argument on a literature review, which suggests that the twenty-first century's global economy will not experience drastic impacts of climate change. However, the long-run consequences will be unbearable thereafter, especially in less developed countries (LDC). The challenge will affect the global economy and trap more people in poverty, which increases vulnerability to climate change. Although the impacts are already felt in areas like water sources, scarcity of natural resources causing violent conflicts, and poor agriculture productivity, they are expected to aggravate. This article contributes to the overall topic of climate change by assessing its economic significance. GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 3 Tol might have concentrated on future impacts at the expense of the ones that the global community is experiencing (2018). The author recommends the development of policies to protect lives at the highest risk of climate change. The measure includes protecting coastal people and marine life, facilitating productivity in agriculture in LDC, and control of infectious diseases such as malaria. These measures are short-term and not very useful because they do not address climate change's root cause. Javeline, D, Hellmann, J. J, McLachlan, S. J, Sax, F. D & Schwartz, W. M. (2015). Expert opinion on extinction risk and climate change adaptation for biodiversity. Javeline and colleagues surveyed experts in the fields of environmental conservation, ecology, biology, and related disciplines to verify the possibility of species extinction as a result of climate change. The researchers recruited a sample size of 15,479 using a census approach (Javeline et al., 2015). However, 2,329 qualified and participated in the survey. 9.5% confirmed that average species are at risk of extinction due to climate change in the next century. 53% of the respondents said that non-microbial organisms would be extinct by 2050, while 20% asserted that the rate of extinction would be higher than 20% (Javeline et al., 2015). The researchers concluded that scientists are not debating if species extinction is real, but on how it is evident due to climate change. The researchers recommended adaptation strategies for addressing the risk of extinction. However, they do not narrow down on any specific strategy because none is ideal as a remedy in all ecosystems since they are diverse. Nirimisa, R. M & Narimisa, R. M. (2018). Climate change and global warming overview: Assessing climate change and global warming in local scale. Nirimisa and Narimisa conducted long-term series research to identify climate change in Iran by assessing daily precipitation temperature, rain, and cyclonic climate from 1966-2016 GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 4 (2016). The authors used the Kriging interpolation method in cells of land cover. They found out that the day and night temperatures have increased gradually throughout the study. The rate of freezing days, cold-frost indexes, and cold nights has been reducing slowly (Nirimisa & Narimisa, 2018). Another observation that the researchers found is that the duration of cold waves has been decreasing. The more pronounced observation was an increase in temperature. Most months assumed incremental trends with the cold months experience the highest increase in temperature. The observation was also made in a high run-off in winter that was reduced during other seasons. This is the variable that shaped the conclusions of Nirimisa and Narimisa that climate change. It has resulted in the melting of ice in the Karoon area and excessive water consumption in irrigation at Mashhad plain. Hayes, K, Blashki, G, Wiseman, J, Burke, S & Reifels, L. (2018). Climate change and mental health: Risks, impacts and priority actions. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 12(28) Hayes and colleagues conducted a literature review to assess risks, priority actions, and impacts of climate change on health (2018). The authors agree with Tol that climate change has destructive impacts by narrowing down to the problem's health consequences. From their review of the literature, Hayes et al. found out that climate change increases the risks of chronic and acute respiratory complications and vector and water-borne diseases (2018). The problem accelerates global mortality and morbidity rates. Other impacts include an acute shortage of food that results in malnutrition, UV exposure that causes malignant melanoma and renal diseases from dehydration. The risks of climate change take another dimension in mental health. Hayes et al. also found out that exposure to extreme weather events such as hurricanes, heat waves, forest fires, GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 5 and storms triggers post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD), anxiety disorders, major depressive disorders, and recovery fatigue among many other mental complications (2018). The authors recommend mitigation and adaptive measures for addressing the health risks of climate change. The fight against the problem requires efforts from individuals, local and state, and global support. Palomo, I. (2017). Climate change impacts on ecosystem services in high mountain areas: A literature review. Journal of Mountain Research and Development, 37(2): 179-187 Palomo carried out qualitative research in 2016, assessing the impacts of climate change on the environment. The focus of this research was on high mountain areas. It involved a review of 251 articles that address the problem of climate change in mountainous regions like Tibet, South America, Scotland, Africa, and the European Alps (Palomo, 2017). The results indicated that climate change has negative impacts on nature by destabilizing ecosystems. It limits the availability, distribution, and access to natural resources, including food and water. The retreat of the glacier was numerously identified as a threat to nature. For example, it increases the risks of rockfalls and flooding from the glacial lake that endangers biodiversity's sustainability. Climate change was also found to reduce the aesthetic value of nature. For example, Kilimanjaro has lost 85% of ice cover, and it is expected to melt completely before the end of a century (Palomo, 2017). Like Hayes et al., Palomo recommends adaptation and mitigation measures for addressing the adverse risks of climate change to mountainous communities. The author proposes further research to establish appropriate education and awareness campaigns to equip individuals to take action against climate change. Conclusions GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 6 Climate change has drastic impacts that need collective mitigation measures. Various authors assess the scope of the problem by exploring its diverse impacts. They include retarding economic growth, degrading the value of the natural environment, and increasing health risks. Addressing climate change needs societal efforts that start from individuals, agencies, and the global community. GLOBAL SOCIETAL ISSUE 7 References Hayes, K, Blashki, G, Wiseman, J, Burke, S & Reifels, L. (2018). Climate change and mental health: Risks, impacts and priority actions. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 12(28). Retrieved from https://ijmhs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13033-018-0210-6 Javeline, D, Hellmann, J. J, McLachlan, S. J, Sax, F. D & Schwartz, W. M. (2015). Expert opinion on extinction risk and climate change adaptation for biodiversity. Retrieved from https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/348/6234/571.full.pdf Nirimisa, R. M & Narimisa, R. M. (2018). Climate change and global warming overview: Assessing climate change and global warming in local scale. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324747830_Climate_Change_and_Global_War ming Palomo, I. (2017). Climate change impacts on ecosystem services in high mountain areas: A literature review. Journal of Mountain Research and Development, 37(2): 179-187. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-16-00110. Tol, J.S. R. (2018). The economic impacts of climate change. Review of Environmental Economic and Policy, 12(1). Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/reep/article/12/1/4/4804315 United Nation Environmental Program. (2020). Facts about the climate emergency. Retrieved from https://www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/climate-change/facts-about-climateemergency
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Running Head: JOURNAL WEEK 4

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Journal Week 4
Name
Course
Date
Tutor

JOURNAL WEEK 4

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Journal Week 4

What can a nation do to slow or reverse climate change? What about you as an
individual? Although your efforts may be negligible, they count. Climate change needs collective
action from all people, communities, and nations to build a weapon that will amicably fight the
problem. That collective action starts with you and me. It requires changes in lifestyle to reduce
carbon footprint as an individual. When did you cycle instead of driving? Can you share a ride
with your neighbor when the two of you go to the supermarket? Implementing a few of these and
other measures can make a great difference. The solution to climate change is reducing
greenhouse gases emitted because they are igniting the planet. Although the world is already
warm, we can still do something before more irreversible damages occur. Climate change has
drastic impacts that need collective mitigation measures.
Background Information
Climate change tops the list of societal problems that the world is fighting today. It is
evidenced by rapid and, at times, irreversible changes in the environment caused by extreme
weather conditions. Most areas that border deserts are being eaten away as the dessert spread to
arable land (Kamarck, 2019). Severe catastrophes like wildfires, storms, and hurricanes are
becoming norms, which paints a grim picture of the future. We all have an obligation and the
power to alter these situations because they are bred by climate change.
Climate Literacy
UNESCO terms education an essential weapon against climate change (2019). It helps
people and the world understand the causes of climate change and what they can do at a personal
level to mitigate the probl...


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