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Running head: CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEMS
Criminal Justice Systems
Name
Institution
Course
Date
1
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEMS
2
Theories and models of criminal justice
Criminal justice can be defined as the linking of various legal agencies and processes that
work towards achieving crime control, reduction of criminal activities and imposition of
penalties for committing crimes (Reichel, 2008). Models serve several functions such as
provision of a guide and basis to either judge the actual or positive operations activities of the
criminal justice system. Two major models in the criminal process include the crime control
model and the due process model. Under the crime control model it views legislature as its
validation authority instead of the courts and it accepts exhaustive reliance placed on criminal
sanctions by the legislatures. The model assumes the criminal sanction acts as a positive
guarantor for social freedom and hence it’s a necessary mechanism for maintaining public order.
On the hand the due process model begins with skepticism with regards to the morality
and utility of criminal sanctions particularly in connection to victimless crimes which are based
on consensual transactions. The skepticism in question is usually based on liberal values of a
person and the corresponding concept of limitation on official power. The due process gives less
emphasis on guilty pleas and efficiency as opposed to the crime control model.
Theories are the useful tools in criminology that are used to help in understanding and
explaining the wo...